| 1 | 00:16 | This is Easter Island, known to its own people as Rapa Nui. | 这是复活节岛，它的人民称之为拉帕努伊。 | |
| 3 | 00:22 | From the vast empty expanse of the Pacific Ocean, a relentless wind blows across ancient volcanic rock, sucking moisture and topsoil from the land. | 从辽阔空旷的太平洋，一股无情的风吹过古老的火山岩，吸走陆地上的水分和表层土。 | |
| 6 | 00:34 | The only fresh water collects in the craters of its extinct volcanoes. | 唯一的淡水聚集在它的死火山口。 | |
| 7 | 00:40 | To live in the haunting beauty of this bleak and lonely landscape presents a challenge. | 生活在这片荒凉而孤独的风景中，是一种挑战。 | |
| 9 | 00:48 | And yet, the people who settled this island established one of the most remarkable societies on our planet, developing a richly expressive visual culture and dramatically changing their environment. | 然而，定居在这个岛上的人们建立了我们这个星球上最卓越的社会之一，发展了一种富有表现力的视觉文化，极大地改变了他们的环境。 | |
| 12 | 01:03 | These iconic monuments are the Moai, now as familiar to us as the Pyramids or Stonehenge, but they are just one part of a sophisticated landscape created to serve Rapa Nui beliefs and way of life. | 这些标志性的纪念碑是摩艾，现在我们熟悉的金字塔或巨石阵，但他们只是一个复杂的景观，创造服务拉帕努伊信仰和生活方式的一部分。 | |
| 15 | 01:18 | The tiny size of the island, and its limited natural resources were such a contrast to the majesty of the stone gods that from the moment Dutch explorers made the first European contact, people questioned how its inhabitants could have achieved this level of sophistication. | 这个岛的面积很小，自然资源也很有限，这与石神的威严形成了鲜明的对比，从荷兰探险家第一次接触欧洲大陆的那一刻起，人们就开始质疑岛上的居民是如何达到这种复杂程度的。 | |
| 20 | 01:40 | In the 20th century, when archaeologists began to seek answers to some of these questions, it became clear that the island had once supported a diverse and rich tree cover. | 在20世纪，当考古学家开始寻找其中一些问题的答案时，很明显，这个岛屿曾经拥有丰富多样的树木覆盖。 | |
| 23 | 01:50 | This barren landscape now suggested a new scenario - a tragic story of collapse. | 这片贫瘠的土地现在暗示了一个新的场景——一个坍塌的悲惨故事。 | |
| 25 | 01:59 | What could account for the toppled monuments and the treeless landscape? | 什么能解释倒塌的纪念碑和无树的景观？ | |
| 27 | 02:03 | There was no one left to explain. | 没有人留下来解释。 | |
| 28 | 02:05 | The Rapa Nui people had almost been annihilated and their history forgotten. | 拉帕努伊人几乎被消灭，他们的历史被遗忘。 | |
| 30 | 02:12 | Gradually, though, one theory became dominant - ecocide... ecological suicide. | 不过，渐渐地，有一种理论占主导地位——生态灭绝。。。生态自杀。 | |
| 33 | 02:19 | In this reading of the evidence, the Rapa Nui people caused their own downfall, over-exploiting their natural resources to build the Moai, bringing about an environmental catastrophe that destroyed their society. | 在这个证据的解读中，拉帕努伊人造成了他们自己的垮台，过度开发他们的自然资源来建造摩艾，带来了一场破坏他们社会的环境灾难。 | |
| 37 | 02:34 | Civil strife, starvation and even cannibalism followed - spelling the end of one of the world's most amazing civilisations. | 随之而来的是内乱、饥饿，甚至是食人，这意味着世界上最令人惊叹的文明之一的终结。 | |
| 39 | 02:45 | For centuries Rapa Nui has stood as the closest example of the human experience in miniature. | 几个世纪以来，拉帕努伊一直是人类缩影体验的最接近的例子。 | |
| 41 | 02:50 | Its isolation on our planet mirrors the isolation of Earth in space. | 它在我们星球上的孤立反映了地球在太空中的孤立。 | |
| 42 | 02:56 | This has profound implications, not just for the development of this culture, but for our understanding of how all societies live with their environment. | 这不仅对这种文化的发展具有深远的影响，而且对我们理解所有社会如何适应其环境也具有深远的影响。 | |
| 45 | 03:08 | If the Rapa Nui self-destructed, then what hope is there for our planet? | 如果拉帕努伊号自毁了，那么我们的星球还有什么希望？ | |
| 47 | 03:14 | This pessimistic view of human nature plays very well with our current concerns about climate change and our voracious appetite for limited resources. | 这种对人性的悲观看法与我们目前对气候变化的担忧以及我们对有限资源的贪婪欲望非常吻合。 | |
| 50 | 03:23 | Rapa Nui seems like a potent warning from history. | 拉帕努伊似乎是历史的有力警告。 | |
| 51 | 03:26 | But what if there's another explanation? | 但如果有别的解释呢？ | |
| 52 | 03:56 | You really feel the isolation of Easter Island on the journey in. | 你在旅途中真的感受到了复活节岛的与世隔绝。 | |
| 53 | 04:01 | The coast of Chile is 2,300 miles behind me, and it's another 2,600 miles before you arrive in Tahiti. | 智利海岸在我身后2300英里，在你到达塔希提岛之前还有2600英里。 | |
| 55 | 04:08 | This is the largest expanse of open ocean in the world and in the middle of this vast expanse of nothing is the volcanic outcrop of Easter Island. | 这是世界上最大的一片开阔的海洋，在这片无边无际的辽阔海洋中间是复活节岛的火山露头。 | |
| 58 | 04:20 | The Polynesians called this place "Te pito o te henua", which means, "the navel of the world." | 波利尼西亚人称这个地方为“Te pito Te henua”，意思是“世界的肚脐” | |
| 60 | 04:26 | Flying to Rapa Nui today, crossing thousands of square miles of featureless ocean, you can't help but marvel at how anyone ever found this tiny island in the first place. | 今天飞往拉帕努伊，穿越数千平方英里毫无特色的海洋，你不禁惊叹于当初有人是如何发现这个小岛的。 | |
| 64 | 04:41 | This small cluster of houses makes up the only town, Hanga Roa, and the daily flight from the mainland keeps the population connected to the global economy. | 这一小簇房屋构成了唯一的城镇汉加罗亚，每天从大陆起飞的航班使人口与全球经济保持联系。 | |
| 67 | 04:52 | Everything they need, down to the milk they drink, arrives by air. | 他们所需要的一切，包括喝的牛奶，都是空运来的。 | |
| 68 | 05:01 | Rapa Nui folklore not only tells us the name of the leader of the first group of colonists, it tells us where he landed. | 拉帕努伊的民间传说不仅告诉我们第一批殖民者首领的名字，还告诉我们他在哪里登陆。 | |
| 70 | 05:08 | This is Anakena beach, and the Rapa Nui legends say it's where a Polynesian King came ashore from an ocean going canoe. | 这是阿纳凯纳海滩，拉帕努伊传说说，这是一个波利尼西亚国王从远洋独木舟上岸的地方。 | |
| 72 | 05:18 | His name was Hotu Matua. | 他叫霍图·马图亚。 | |
| 73 | 05:20 | His arrival on this beach had another significance in the story of our planet, because it was the final link in the chain of human migration. | 他来到这个海滩对我们星球的故事有着另一个意义，因为它是人类迁徙链条中的最后一环。 | |
| 76 | 05:32 | Somewhere around 70,000 years ago our modern human ancestors left Africa and began spreading across the globe. | 大约70000年前，我们的现代人类祖先离开非洲，开始在全球传播。 | |
| 78 | 05:43 | In the following 60,000 years they gradually colonised the whole planet, completing their easterly migration by crossing from Asia into the Americas. | 在接下来的6万年里，他们逐渐殖民了整个地球，完成了从亚洲到美洲的东移。 | |
| 82 | 05:57 | The last part of this process was the spread of Polynesian people across the Pacific, moving on from island to island over the last 2,000 years. | 这一过程的最后一部分是波利尼西亚人在太平洋上的传播，在过去的2000年里从一个岛屿转移到另一个岛屿。 | |
| 85 | 06:06 | And so when Hoto Matua set foot on this sand, he was completing the final step of an incredible journey. | 所以当霍托·马图亚踏上这片沙滩时，他正在完成一段不可思议的旅程的最后一步。 | |
| 87 | 06:14 | To the east is empty ocean until you arrive in South America, which was already colonised. | 东边是一片空旷的海洋，直到你到达南美洲，那里已经是殖民地。 | |
| 89 | 06:19 | So in many ways, this is the final step in the colonisation of our world. | 所以在很多方面，这是我们世界殖民的最后一步。 | |
| 91 | 06:25 | Whether Hoto Matua was really the name of the first human settler to arrive here, what is certain is that he came from the west, and his journey was an extraordinary feat of navigation, sailing against the prevailing winds. | 霍托·马图亚是否真的是第一个来到这里的人类定居者的名字，可以肯定的是，他来自西方，他的旅程是一次非凡的航海壮举，逆风航行。 | |
| 95 | 06:42 | Taywongaroua, one of the most famous Polynesian anthropologists, called them, "The Vikings of the sunrise" and I think that's a great name because they were surely among the greatest navigators and voyagers in world history. | 泰翁加罗瓦，波利尼西亚最著名的人类学家之一，称他们为“日出的维京人”，我认为这是一个伟大的名字，因为他们肯定是世界历史上最伟大的航海家和航海家之一。 | |
| 99 | 06:55 | Technologically, it was the double hulled canoe, the idea of replacing the outrigger with another hull so you get this big craft, capable of carrying substantial numbers of people, cargo, pigs, dogs, chickens, planting stocks for voyages up to a month or so at sea. | 从技术上讲，这是双壳独木舟，用另一个船体代替外伸支架的想法，这样你就得到了这艘大船，能够运载大量的人、货物、猪、狗、鸡，以及在海上一个月左右的航程中种植牲畜。 | |
| 103 | 07:10 | Along with that went navigational techniques, knowing the stars well enough that you could determine your latitude by stars, so when you go out on exploratory runs and wind reversals against the normal trades, discover islands, you could get back on a return voyage by knowing the latitude of your home island. | 随着航海技术的发展，你对星星的了解也越来越透彻，你可以通过星星来确定你的纬度，所以当你进行探索性的航行和逆风航行时，发现岛屿，你就可以通过知道你家乡岛屿的纬度来返回。 | |
| 108 | 07:29 | If you knew latitude, you could run back to your home island, you were OK. | 如果你知道纬度，你可以跑回你的家乡，你没事。 | |
| 110 | 07:32 | HE BLOWS THE CONCH SHELL | 他吹海螺壳 | |
| 111 | 07:37 | Hokule'a is a modern replica of a Polynesian voyaging canoe. | Hokule'a是波利尼西亚航行独木舟的现代复制品。 | |
| 112 | 07:42 | And today I'm joining one of its regular training runs along the coast of Hawaii. | 今天我要参加它在夏威夷海岸的一次常规训练。 | |
| 114 | 07:48 | Since its launch in 1975 Hokule'a has completed many open ocean voyages, sailing across the Pacific using only ancient wayfaring techniques of celestial navigation. | 自1975年发射以来，Hokule'a号已经完成了许多远洋航行，只使用古代的天体导航技术横渡太平洋。 | |
| 117 | 08:01 | What we call it is a performance accurate replica of a voyaging canoe you would have seen a thousand years ago. | 我们所说的这是一个性能精确的复制品航行独木舟你会看到一千年前。 | |
| 119 | 08:07 | Some of the materials are modern. | 有些材料是现代的。 | |
| 120 | 08:09 | It was built around the idea that you have the same kind of carrying capacity as well as speed capacity as well as sailing characteristics you would have found in a vessel a thousand years ago. | 它是围绕着这样一个理念建立的，即你拥有一千年前在船上所能发现的同样的承载能力、速度能力和航行特征。 | |
| 123 | 08:20 | There's a tradition about a canoe load of just young men going out from the home island, finding Easter island, planting yams on it, preparing for the colonisation voyage, then coming back and telling the chief, "Yes, we found this island", and then they prepared two double hulled canoes and go and settle Rapa Nui, and I think that oral tradition encapsulates a lot of the strategy that was used to settle many of the different islands of Polynesia. | 有一个传统，只有年轻人从家乡的岛上出来，找到复活节岛，种植山药，准备殖民航行，然后回来告诉酋长，“是的，我们发现了这个岛”，然后他们准备了两个双壳独木舟，去解决拉帕努伊，我想口头传统 | |
| 131 | 08:47 | Once you start to get out of sight of land and you start to use only the clues that you would have many hundreds of years ago, it really starts to show the brilliance of our ancestors. | 一旦你开始离开土地的视线，开始使用几百年前的线索，它真的开始显示我们祖先的光辉。 | |
| 134 | 08:59 | That these individuals figured out that these points of light rose and set with some kind of cyclical manner and allowed us to navigate many hundred of miles out of sight of land to navigate many hundred of miles out of sight of land for sometimes ten or 20 or 30 days and still find that destination and to see it today is awe inspiring. | 这些人发现这些光点以某种周期性的方式升起和落下，让我们在看不见陆地的地方航行数百英里，有时在看不见陆地的地方航行数百英里，持续10天、20天或30天，仍然能找到那个目的地，并在今天看到它 | |
| 140 | 09:16 | There is no feeling like it when you see land come out of the sea after many days. | 当你看到陆地在过了许多天之后从海里出来的时候，你没有这种感觉。 | |
| 142 | 09:28 | When they first arrived on Anakena beach, Hotu Matu'a and his fellow settlers only had what they had brought with them, and the resources the island could supply. | 当他们第一次到达阿纳凯纳海滩时，霍图·马图阿和他的移民同伴们只有他们带来的东西和岛上能提供的资源。 | |
| 145 | 09:39 | The die was cast, but even on this opening page of the island's history we come upon a controversy - when did they arrive? | 死亡是注定的，但即使在岛上历史的第一页，我们也遇到了一个争议——他们什么时候到的？ | |
| 149 | 09:50 | Certainly in the early centuries AD. Possibly even at 100 AD. | 当然是在公元前几个世纪，甚至可能在公元100年。 | |
| 150 | 09:54 | Rapa Nui cause have been settled as early as 800 AD. | 拉帕努伊的原因早在公元800年就已经解决了。 | |
| 151 | 09:58 | We have, I think, very good radio carbon dates to support | 我认为，我们有非常好的无线电碳日期支持 | |
| 152 | 10:01 | Rapa Nui colonisation at about 1000 AD. | 拉帕努伊殖民地大约在公元1000年。 | |
| 153 | 10:03 | I think now the evidence really points to some time in the 1200s. | 我认为现在的证据确实指向了12世纪的某个时候。 | |
| 154 | 10:08 | Do we really need to be any more accurate? | 我们真的需要更准确吗？ | |
| 155 | 10:10 | On any other Pacific island perhaps not, but here we do because of the Moai. | 在其他任何一个太平洋岛屿上，也许不是，但在这里，我们这样做是因为摩埃。 | |
| 157 | 10:17 | In order to fully understand the achievement of the people who made these figures, we need some sense of how long it took their culture to develop. | 为了充分了解这些人物的成就，我们需要了解他们的文化发展需要多长时间。 | |
| 160 | 10:27 | I think the statue building started small, the shrines were small, they were individualised family by family. | 我认为雕像建筑开始时很小，神龛很小，它们是一家一家个性化的。 | |
| 162 | 10:34 | Over time the sites themselves became more extensive, the statues became bigger, grander and more standardised. | 随着时间的推移，遗址本身变得更广泛，雕像变得更大，更宏伟，更标准化。 | |
| 164 | 10:41 | That doesn't happen in a very short time. | 这不会在很短的时间内发生。 | |
| 165 | 10:44 | That takes several generations. | 这需要几代人的时间。 | |
| 166 | 10:49 | The evidence for how this society grew and flourished during this period has to be pieced together from the fragments that remain. | 这个社会在这一时期是如何成长和繁荣的证据，必须从遗留下来的碎片中拼凑起来。 | |
| 168 | 10:58 | There is no written record and the oral history is connected to that distant past by the most fragile of threads. | 没有书面记录，口述历史通过最脆弱的线索与遥远的过去联系在一起。 | |
| 170 | 11:06 | Scientists are continually uncovering more of this history but it is already clear that this was a remarkably complex society, of which the Moai were only one part. | 科学家们不断地揭开这段历史的更多面纱，但很明显，这是一个极其复杂的社会，摩艾人只是其中的一部分。 | |
| 173 | 11:20 | These are the most iconic symbols of Rapa Nui culture, and a great deal of time has been spent studying how the Moai were made and moved. | 这些是拉帕努伊文化最具标志性的象征，人们花了大量时间研究摩艾是如何形成和移动的。 | |
| 176 | 11:29 | The numbers of people involved in the task of creating them, the resources used, the time taken. | 参与创建它们的任务的人数，所使用的资源，所花费的时间。 | |
| 178 | 11:37 | And they are important. | 它们很重要。 | |
| 179 | 11:39 | Because if we could work out the role of the Moai in the Rapa Nui belief system and how they were made and transported, we'd be in a much better position to judge whether the conventional story of a "collapse" holds up against the evidence. | 因为如果我们能搞清楚摩押人在拉帕努伊信仰体系中的角色，以及他们是如何被制造和运输的，我们就能更好地判断“崩溃”的传统故事是否符合证据。 | |
| 183 | 11:54 | Almost all the statues are carved from a volcanic stone called "tuff", a compounded volcanic ash, cut from quarries on the slopes of this volcano, Rano Raraku. | 几乎所有的雕像都是用一种叫做“凝灰岩”的火山石雕刻而成的，凝灰岩是一种复合火山灰，是从拉诺-拉拉库火山斜坡上的采石场切割而成的。 | |
| 186 | 12:08 | During the main period of quarrying, probably from around 1,200 to 1,600 AD, a steady flow of statues left Rano Raraku and moved around the island, some along the roads, some positioned around the quarry itself but many located on ceremonial platforms, called "ahu", located around the coast. | 在采石的主要时期，大概从公元1200年到1600年，源源不断的雕像离开拉诺·拉拉库，在岛上四处移动，一些沿着道路，一些位于采石场周围，但许多位于仪式平台上，称为“ahu”，位于海岸附近。 | |
| 191 | 12:33 | The sheer effort involved in making the statues is impressive enough, but the platforms they stand on are equally challenging to construct. | 雕像制作过程中所付出的巨大努力足以让人印象深刻，但它们所站的平台同样具有挑战性。 | |
| 193 | 12:42 | Consisting of massive cut stones, they are beautifully formed to knit together without mortar. | 它们由大块切割的石头组成，形状优美，无需灰浆就可以编织在一起。 | |
| 195 | 12:49 | They all follow a similar design, with an elaborate plaza of pebbles from the beach spreading out in front of the ahu, with extended wings to each side, completing an integrated ritual landscape. | 它们都遵循类似的设计，在ahu前面有一个由海滩上的鹅卵石组成的精致广场，两边都有延伸的翅膀，完成了一个完整的仪式景观。 | |
| 198 | 13:05 | Several of the statues also sported large red "pukau", their topknot hairstyles or round hats made from scoria, a different stone from another quarry, and each of these weigh several tons by themselves. | 其中几尊雕像上还挂着红色的大“普考”，它们的顶结发型或圆顶帽是用来自另一个采石场的不同石头——矿渣制成的，每一尊雕像本身都有好几吨重。 | |
| 201 | 13:21 | These monumental figures were fascinating and perplexing to outsiders, including the Norwegian archaeologist Thor Heyerdahl. | 这些不朽的人物对包括挪威考古学家托尔·海尔达尔在内的外人来说既迷人又令人费解。 | |
| 203 | 13:29 | In 1955, accompanied by a film crew, Heyerdahl arrived on the island. | 1955年，在摄制组的陪同下，海尔达尔抵达该岛。 | |
| 204 | 13:36 | He examined the statues and the volcanic rock to try to understand the process by which the Moai had been created. | 他检查了雕像和火山岩，试图了解摩艾的形成过程。 | |
| 206 | 13:43 | It seemed clear how the original sculptors had gone about their task. | 最初的雕塑家们是如何完成任务的，这一点似乎很清楚。 | |
| 207 | 13:48 | An outline was cut into the "tuff", the features carved into the face and these deep incisions at the sides curved under to form the body, leaving a keel of rock along the underside of the statue. | 在“凝灰岩”上切割出一个轮廓，雕刻在面部的特征和侧面的这些深深的切口在下面弯曲，形成了雕像的身体，在雕像下面留下了一块石头龙骨。 | |
| 210 | 14:01 | The whole Moai would then have been supported, while the keel was cut away and the statue moved out of its rock cradle. | 整个摩押人将得到支撑，而龙骨被切断，雕像从岩石摇篮中搬出。 | |
| 212 | 14:10 | In an early example of experimental archaeology, | 在早期的实验考古学中， | |
| 213 | 14:13 | Heyerdahl worked with the Rapa Nui people. | 海尔达尔和拉帕努伊人一起工作。 | |
| 214 | 14:17 | They demonstrated how a group of men could work together on the statues. | 他们演示了一群人如何在雕像上合作。 | |
| 215 | 14:24 | In nine days of chipping away at the rock, a recognisable Moai began to emerge. | 在九天的凿削过程中，一个可辨认的摩埃开始出现。 | |
| 217 | 14:30 | What became clear from this decidedly unscientific experiment was that, despite their size, a relatively small group of people could manufacture one of the figures in quite a short time. | 从这个明显不科学的实验中可以清楚地看到，尽管他们的规模很大，但相对较少的一群人可以在相当短的时间内制造出其中一个数字。 | |
| 220 | 14:43 | There are nearly 400 statues standing on the hillside of the volcano, almost half of the total number on the island, and in most cases only about a third of the figure is visible above ground. | 火山山坡上矗立着近400座雕像，几乎占岛上雕像总数的一半，在大多数情况下，地面上只能看到大约三分之一的雕像。 | |
| 223 | 14:57 | While Heyerdahl felt confident he understood how the statues were made, it was, and remains, not so clear what their function was. | 虽然海尔达尔很有信心，他知道这些雕像是如何制作的，但现在和现在都不清楚它们的功能是什么。 | |
| 225 | 15:39 | The main platforms do have a very big plaza in front of them, certainly ceremonies would have been carried out there. | 主站台前面确实有一个很大的广场，当然仪式也会在那里举行。 | |
| 227 | 15:44 | We really don't know what kind of ceremonies. | 我们真的不知道什么样的仪式。 | |
| 228 | 15:47 | All we have is a little bit of testimony from the very first | 我们所掌握的只是一开始的一些证词 | |
| 229 | 15:49 | All we have is a little bit of testimony from the very first | 我们所掌握的只是一开始的一些证词 | |
| 230 | 15:49 | European accounts. The islanders did show respect to these things. | 欧洲账户。岛上的居民确实对这些事情表示尊重。 | |
| 231 | 15:53 | Sometimes they knelt before them. | 有时他们跪在他们面前。 | |
| 232 | 15:54 | Sometimes they lit fires in front of them but that was about it. | 有时他们在他们面前生火，但仅此而已。 | |
| 233 | 15:58 | I think what we're looking at is this marvellous, sort of, creativity that somehow we're unwilling to say or to accept could have sprung from that community but in fact that probably is what happened. | 我认为我们所看到的是这种奇妙的，某种意义上的，我们不愿意说或接受的创造力可能来自于这个社区，但事实上，这可能就是发生的事情。 | |
| 236 | 16:12 | One or more small groups of individuals who over time tested and developed this symbol and realised that what they had created expressed perfectly what people believed and once you do that, my goodness, you have a really successful object. | 一个或多个小组的人，经过时间的考验和发展，他们意识到他们创造的东西完美地表达了人们的信仰，一旦你这样做，我的天，你就有了一个真正成功的对象。 | |
| 240 | 16:37 | All of this signifies a very successful society. | 所有这些都意味着一个非常成功的社会。 | |
| 241 | 16:41 | In their first few centuries on the island the Rapa Nui thrived and the population grew. | 在岛上最初的几个世纪里，拉帕努伊人繁衍生息，人口不断增长。 | |
| 243 | 16:49 | The statues and their platforms began to be built across the whole island. Sometimes in ones or twos, but sometimes in vastly more complex formations. | 雕像和平台开始在整个岛上建造。有时一个或两个，但有时在更复杂的形成。 | |
| 246 | 17:00 | The people lived in small settlements based around family or clan groupings but the communal effort required to construct and build the statues shows that this was a very cooperative society. | 人们生活在以家庭或氏族为基础的小聚居区，但建造和建造雕像所需的公共努力表明，这是一个非常合作的社会。 | |
| 249 | 17:20 | Every year more Moai were erected in honour of the ancestors who formed such an important part of Rapa Nui cosmology, reinforcing their shared belief systems. | 每年都会有更多的摩艾树被竖立起来，以纪念祖先，他们构成了拉帕努伊宇宙学的重要组成部分，加强了他们共同的信仰体系。 | |
| 252 | 17:31 | But these figures don't look out to sea as we might expect. | 但这些数字并不像我们预期的那样面向大海。 | |
| 253 | 17:34 | The Rapa Nui weren't waiting for people to come from overseas. | 拉帕努伊并不是在等海外来的人。 | |
| 254 | 17:38 | Instead, they gaze inland watching over the lives of their creators. | 取而代之的是，他们注视着内陆，观察着创造者的生活。 | |
| 255 | 17:48 | We can't be 100% certain but there's a distinct possibility that once the island was settled there was no continued contact with other Polynesian groups. | 我们不能百分之百肯定，但有一个明显的可能性，即一旦岛上定居，没有继续与其他波利尼西亚群体的接触。 | |
| 258 | 17:59 | Clearly they turned in on themselves in many ways. | 很明显，他们在很多方面背叛了自己。 | |
| 259 | 18:01 | They thought they were the whole world. | 他们以为他们就是整个世界。 | |
| 260 | 18:03 | Everything else had drowned and there was nothing out there. | 其他东西都淹死了，外面什么也没有。 | |
| 261 | 18:06 | This is probably why the statues of the ancestors are placed around the edge of the island facing inwards. | 这可能就是为什么祖先的雕像被放置在岛的边缘，面向内部。 | |
| 263 | 18:12 | They're like a protection from whatever unknown is out there because there is nothing out there that they know of. | 他们就像一种保护，不受任何未知事物的影响，因为他们不知道外面有什么。 | |
| 265 | 18:18 | This island was the whole world to them. | 对他们来说，这个岛就是整个世界。 | |
| 266 | 18:24 | This extraordinary degree of isolation just adds to the mystery of this place. | 这种非同寻常的与世隔绝程度只会增加这个地方的神秘感。 | |
| 268 | 18:30 | Thor Heyerdahl later published a book with the optimistic title | 托尔·海尔达尔后来出版了一本书，书名是乐观主义 | |
| 269 | 18:34 | "Easter Island: The Mystery Solved", but it didn't satisfactorily answer the first question everyone asks when confronted by a stone figure weighing many tons. | “复活节岛：谜团解开了”，但它并没有令人满意地回答每个人在面对一个重达数吨的石像时提出的第一个问题。 | |
| 272 | 18:46 | How was it moved? | 它是怎么移动的？ | |
| 273 | 18:52 | Perhaps, the most unlikely suggestion was put forward by a Swiss hotel manager and convicted fraudster, called Eric von Daniken, who wrote a bestseller called "Chariots of the Gods" that suggested the statues were brought here by extra-terrestrials. | 也许，最不可能的建议是由一位名叫埃里克·冯·达尼肯（Eric von Daniken）的瑞士酒店经理和被定罪的欺诈者提出的，他写了一本畅销书《众神战车》（Chariots of the | |
| 278 | 19:09 | I think the Rapa Nui people moved those statues in the ways that worked best for the individual statue and the terrain. | 我认为拉帕努伊人移动这些雕像的方式，最适合个人雕像和地形。 | |
| 280 | 19:14 | I don't think there is one answer, and I don't think there is one motivation. | 我不认为有一个答案，也不认为有一个动机。 | |
| 282 | 19:19 | I think that each statue had its own individual biography but logic dictates that they were moved horizontally. | 我认为每尊雕像都有自己的传记，但从逻辑上讲，它们是水平移动的。 | |
| 284 | 19:26 | Some of the Moai from the quarry at the Rano Raraku volcano travelled as much as nine miles to their final locations on the coastal ahu platforms. locations on the coastal ahu platforms. | 一些来自拉诺-拉拉库火山采石场的莫埃人走了长达9英里的路程，到达了他们在沿海ahu平台上的最终位置。沿海空气处理机组平台上的位置。 | |
| 288 | 19:36 | The island is crossed by a network of ancient track ways, spreading out from the quarry, and it is thought these "Moai roads" were used to transport the statues. | 岛上有一个古老的铁路网，从采石场向外延伸，人们认为这些“莫埃公路”是用来运输雕像的。 | |
| 291 | 19:47 | The islanders who had so confidently set about carving a Moai were less successful in demonstrating to Heyerdahl how to move one. | 那些如此自信地开始雕刻摩押的岛民，在向海耶达尔示范如何移动摩押时，却没有那么成功。 | |
| 293 | 19:56 | They tied ropes to a statue and 180 of them dragged it a few hundred yards, lying on its back. | 他们把绳子系在一尊雕像上，其中180人仰面把它拖了几百码。 | |
| 295 | 20:02 | But it was immediately clear that this would have significantly damaged the figure, some more sophisticated system must have been used. | 但很明显，这将大大损害数字，一些更复杂的系统必须使用。 | |
| 298 | 20:19 | This puzzle goes right to the heart of our understanding of the Rapa Nui and what caused the decline of their culture. | 这个谜团直指我们对拉帕努伊的理解的核心，以及是什么导致了他们文化的衰落。 | |
| 300 | 20:28 | Could the statues have dominated the life of the island to such an extent that the people cut down their trees to provide timber rollers and levers to move these leviathans? | 这些雕像是否能主宰岛上的生活，以至于人们砍伐树木来提供木材压路机和杠杆来移动这些巨兽？ | |
| 303 | 20:40 | Was the island cleared to grow food to support a huge workforce, labouring to keep manufacturing the Moai? | 岛上是否被允许种植粮食以支持庞大的劳动力，继续生产摩艾？ | |
| 305 | 20:48 | And was there some kind of calamitous collapse, brought about by the pressures of an expanding population and diminishing resources? | 人口膨胀和资源减少的压力是否带来了某种灾难性的崩溃？ | |
| 308 | 20:58 | That is the traditional ecocide narrative. | 这是传统的生态毁灭叙事。 | |
| 309 | 21:02 | So the popular story of Rapa Nui that was told really throughout the 20th century, is that the islanders, quote, self-destructed. | 所以拉帕努伊的通俗故事，在整个20世纪都在流传，是岛民自毁的故事。 | |
| 311 | 21:12 | That really began with the work of Thor Heyerdahl, when he and other researchers had been told this story of collapse and of wide spread warfare and anarchy, people came very obsessed with building larger and larger statues, they were very competitive and that led to them cutting down all their trees and losing sight of what they were doing in terms of their resource base on the island. | 这真的始于托尔·海尔达尔的工作，当他和其他研究人员被告知这个关于崩溃、广泛战争和无政府状态的故事时，人们非常痴迷于建造越来越大的雕像，他们非常有竞争力，导致他们砍掉了所有的树，看不 | |
| 317 | 21:39 | At the core of this narrative of "collapse" is the implicit suggestion that the Rapa Nui themselves were to blame for the destruction of the island paradise that they discovered and settled. | 这种“崩溃”叙事的核心是暗示拉帕努伊人自己应该为他们发现并定居的岛屿天堂的毁灭负责。 | |
| 320 | 21:51 | I think many things probably went wrong, clearly whatever happened on the island was very largely bought about by themselves, it was essentially the destruction of the forest which led to their decline because once they'd got rid of the forest, pretty much completely, by about 500 years ago, there's no timber any more. | 我想很多事情可能都出了问题，很明显，岛上发生的一切很大程度上都是他们自己买来的，基本上是森林的破坏导致了他们的衰落，因为一旦他们在大约500年前，几乎完全清除了森林，就再也没有木材了。 | |
| 326 | 22:09 | They'd lost the ability to make lots of rope, which they'd have needed. | 他们已经失去了制造大量绳索的能力，而这正是他们所需要的。 | |
| 327 | 22:13 | This is why the statue building and moving stopped, they simply didn't have the means to do it any more. | 这就是为什么雕像的建造和移动停止了，他们根本没有办法再这样做了。 | |
| 329 | 22:17 | They had done something quite radical to this environment, which was irreversible. | 他们对这种环境做了一些非常激进的事情，这是不可逆转的。 | |
| 331 | 22:24 | It's not difficult to find a Pacific island that looks like Rapa Nui would have done before it was lost its tree cover. | 不难找到一个太平洋岛屿，看起来像拉帕努伊会做之前，它失去了它的树木覆盖。 | |
| 333 | 22:32 | This is O'ahu, part of the Hawaiian archipelago, and this is just the kind of dense palm forest that once covered Rapa Nui. | 这是奥阿胡，夏威夷群岛的一部分，这就是曾经覆盖拉帕努伊的茂密棕榈林。 | |
| 335 | 22:42 | When the first settlers came to the island they really found a paradise, they found an island which was covered by a thick sub-tropical forest, which consisted of at least 20 species of trees and shrubs, dominated by a huge palm species, the palm which provided very nice nuts which could be eaten. | 当第一批定居者来到岛上时，他们真的发现了一个天堂，他们发现了一个岛，岛上覆盖着厚厚的亚热带森林，其中至少有20种树木和灌木，主要是一种巨大的棕榈树，棕榈树提供了非常好的坚果可以吃。 | |
| 343 | 23:09 | The palms stems provided a sweet sup like palm honey and the palms provided, of course, leaves and wood which could be used for building houses, for building canoes and so on. | 棕榈茎提供了一种像棕榈蜜一样的甜食，当然，棕榈提供了树叶和木材，可以用来建造房屋，建造独木舟等等。 | |
| 346 | 23:22 | The crowns of the palms provided shadow. | 棕榈树的树冠提供了阴影。 | |
| 347 | 23:26 | They were protected against harsh weather conditions, against storms, | 他们被保护起来抵御恶劣的天气和暴风雨， | |
| 348 | 23:30 | They were protected against harsh weather conditions, against storms, against heavy rainfalls. | 他们受到保护，免受恶劣天气、暴风雨和暴雨的侵袭。 | |
| 350 | 23:34 | We are very sure that far more than half of the forest consisted of the palms. | 我们非常肯定，森林的一半以上是棕榈树。 | |
| 352 | 23:41 | It may have been paradise for a few but as the island population | 它可能是少数人的天堂，但作为岛上的居民 | |
| 353 | 23:44 | It may have been paradise for a few but as the island population expanded it's evident that more and more forest was cleared. | 这可能是一些人的天堂，但随着岛上人口的增加，很明显，越来越多的森林被清除。 | |
| 355 | 23:50 | The Rapa Nui oral traditions, mostly recorded by Europeans in the late 19th century, tell of a period of conflict and warfare, which occurred at around the same time. of conflict and warfare, which occurred at around the same time. | 拉帕努伊（Rapa Nui）的口头传统，大部分是欧洲人在19世纪末记录的，讲述了一个冲突和战争时期，大约同时发生。同时发生的冲突和战争。 | |
| 359 | 24:01 | Once the trees were gone, they recount that the island became less fertile, leading to a crisis when they couldn't grow enough food to support themselves. | 一旦这些树都没了，他们说岛上的肥力变差了，导致了一场危机，因为他们无法种植足够的食物来养活自己。 | |
| 362 | 24:11 | Ultimately, these legends say, the islanders began to regard each other as a source of protein and cannibal feasts became a feature of the conflicts. | 最后，这些传说说，岛民开始把彼此视为蛋白质的来源，食人宴成为冲突的一个特点。 | |
| 365 | 24:22 | Polynesia is well known for constant strife between families and clans and tribes and islands. | 波利尼西亚以家庭、部族、部落和岛屿之间不断的冲突而闻名。 | |
| 367 | 24:27 | And so it's actually quite miraculous as far as we can tell | 据我们所知，这是非常神奇的 | |
| 368 | 24:30 | Easter Island was a model of peace for its first maybe 1,500 years, and it looks as if the different communities of the island must have helped each other in the building and moving of statues and platforms and so on. | 复活节岛在最初的1500年里是一个和平的典范，看起来岛上的不同社区一定在雕像和平台的建造和移动等方面互相帮助。 | |
| 372 | 24:41 | But then when crisis hits it's a very, very different picture and we have all kinds of different evidence for a flare up of violence. | 但当危机袭来时，情况就大不相同了，我们有各种不同的证据证明暴力会爆发。 | |
| 374 | 24:50 | Quite vicious violence in some cases. | 在某些情况下，暴力是相当残忍的。 | |
| 375 | 24:52 | We have the toppling of the statues, it's very clear to anyone who goes to the island and sees these things. | 我们有雕像的倒下，任何到岛上看到这些东西的人都很清楚。 | |
| 377 | 24:57 | They were toppled quite dramatically, tit for tat raids probably. | 他们被推翻相当戏剧性，针锋相对的袭击可能。 | |
| 379 | 25:01 | Then you have the mass production suddenly of these, what are called | 然后你突然有了这些产品的大规模生产，这叫什么 | |
| 380 | 25:05 | "mata'a", these obsidian points which were probably used for all kinds of different things, for domestic use but certainly some were spearheads and dagger heads, and the oral traditions support this. | “玛塔阿”，这些黑曜石尖可能用于各种不同的东西，家庭使用，但肯定有一些是矛头和匕首，口头传统支持这一点。 | |
| 384 | 25:16 | There was warfare, there was strife that came about presumably through the deforestation, the loss of resources, possibly over-population, that we don't know. | 有战争，有冲突，可能是由于森林砍伐，资源损失，可能是人口过剩，我们不知道。 | |
| 387 | 25:28 | But it's just too much of a coincidence that all of these things suddenly appear in the record. | 但所有这些事情突然出现在记录中，实在是太巧合了。 | |
| 389 | 25:35 | These circumstantial coincidences may paint a gripping picture of civil war but in archaeology such bold claims require hard evidence. | 这些偶然的巧合可能描绘出一幅扣人心弦的内战景象，但在考古学中，这种大胆的说法需要确凿的证据。 | |
| 391 | 25:45 | The Bishop Museum in Honolulu is the most important centre for the study of the history of Polynesia in the Pacific. | 檀香山的主教博物馆是研究太平洋波利尼西亚历史最重要的中心。 | |
| 393 | 25:52 | It has a large collection of items from Rapa Nui, including several hundred of the mata'a, the obsidian artefacts found in abundance on the island. | 它收藏了大量来自拉帕努伊的物品，包括几百件在岛上发现的大量黑曜石艺术品。 | |
| 396 | 26:03 | But although the archaeological record clearly contains potentially dangerous objects, new evidence suggests that they were not used for violent purposes. | 但是，尽管考古记录清楚地包含潜在的危险物品，新的证据表明，他们没有被用于暴力目的。 | |
| 399 | 26:13 | They've commonly been interpreted as spear points but as you can see, they don't, most of them don't really have a defined point like we think about in other areas of the world. | 他们通常被解释为矛尖，但正如你所见，他们没有，他们中的大多数并没有一个真正的定义点，就像我们在世界其他地区所想的那样。 | |
| 402 | 26:23 | And so what evidence has suggested is that these cutting edges were used to cut plant matter and wood. | 所以有证据表明这些刀刃是用来切割植物和木材的。 | |
| 404 | 26:31 | What archaeologists have found on the surface of them is sweet potato and taro. | 考古学家在它们表面发现的是红薯和芋头。 | |
| 406 | 26:36 | Which of course were the main stays of the agricultural economy and that is the economy that really supported the statue building industry and craft specialists in society. | 当然，这是农业经济的主要支柱，也是真正支持塑像制造业和社会工艺专家的经济。 | |
| 409 | 26:46 | So, projectile points were seen as one strand of evidence leading to this idea of intercommunity warfare on Rapa Nui. | 因此，炮弹发射点被视为导致拉帕努伊社区间战争的证据之一。 | |
| 411 | 26:51 | Is there evidence for warfare on the island? | 岛上有战争的证据吗？ | |
| 412 | 26:53 | Well, in terms of the skeletal evidence, erm, it's not unsurprising, we have about 2% of fatalities that bio-anthologists attributed we have about 2% of fatalities that bio-anthologists attributed to violence, in terms of the skeletal population, and so... so if you look at line of evidence that's not unnaturally high. | 好吧，就骨骼证据而言，呃，这并不奇怪，我们有大约2%的死亡病例是由生物选秀者归因的，我们有大约2%的死亡病例是由生物选秀者归因于暴力，就骨骼人口而言，所以。。。所以，如果你看一看证据线 | |
| 418 | 27:12 | Most Polynesian societies are competitive, of course, and Rapa Nui was probably no exception to that. | 当然，大多数波利尼西亚社会都是竞争性的，拉帕努伊可能也不例外。 | |
| 420 | 27:19 | Another common group of Rapa Nui artefacts, often misused to support the idea of a period of general starvation and environmental collapse, are these wooden figures known as "kavakava". | 另一组常见的拉帕努伊（Rapa Nui）手工艺品，经常被错误地用来支持普遍饥饿和环境崩溃时期的观点，是这些被称为“卡瓦卡瓦”的木制人物。 | |
| 423 | 28:39 | But perhaps the most persuasive signs of a violent conflict are the shattered remains of many of the statues themselves. are the shattered remains of many of the statues themselves. | 但也许暴力冲突最有说服力的迹象是许多雕像本身的残骸。是许多雕像本身破碎的残骸。 | |
| 426 | 28:47 | These Moai, lying toppled from their ceremonial platforms, are like the fallen monuments of any vanquished civilisation. | 这些摩押人，从他们的仪式平台上倒下，就像任何被征服的文明的纪念碑。 | |
| 428 | 28:55 | In fact, until the 1960s, there were no Moai left standing on their | 事实上，直到20世纪60年代，他们的土地上还没有留下摩埃人 | |
| 429 | 28:59 | Ahu platforms. They had all been toppled at some point. | 空气处理机组平台。他们都在某个时候被推翻了。 | |
| 430 | 29:02 | And it's easy to imagine that this is the result of some sort of intra-island warfare. | 很容易想象这是某种岛内战争的结果。 | |
| 432 | 29:08 | But closer examination throws this into doubt. | 但更仔细的检查使这一点成为疑问。 | |
| 433 | 29:11 | There's something revealing about the way these statues fell. | 这些雕像倒下的方式透露了一些信息。 | |
| 434 | 29:15 | They are lying face down in positions that suggest they were lowered with some care. | 他们脸朝下躺着的姿势表明他们被小心地放低了。 | |
| 436 | 30:00 | Could the anger of whoever toppled these statues have been directed not at each other, but at the ancestors they represent? | 推翻这些雕像的人的愤怒难道不是针对彼此，而是针对他们所代表的祖先吗？ | |
| 438 | 30:08 | And, if that's the case, what could the ancestors have done to fail them so spectacularly? | 如果是这样的话，那么祖先们会做些什么让他们如此失望呢？ | |
| 440 | 30:13 | What happened to lead to this sudden loss of faith? | 是什么导致了人们突然失去信心？ | |
| 441 | 30:16 | Could it have be that after hundreds of years of splendid isolation, someone else showed up that changed their view of the cosmos? | 是不是在经历了几百年辉煌的孤立之后，其他人的出现改变了他们对宇宙的看法？ | |
| 444 | 30:38 | The Dutch explorer Admiral Jacob Roggeveen, sailing with a small flotilla of three ships in search of the riches of the fabled great southern continent, sighted land on the morning of Easter Day 1722. | 荷兰探险家雅各布·罗格文上将率领一支由三艘船组成的小船队在传说中的南方大洲寻找财富，他在1722年复活节的早晨看到了陆地。 | |
| 448 | 30:54 | The following day, as they approached their newly-named discovery, Easter Island, they were disappointed by what they saw. | 第二天，当他们接近他们新命名的发现，复活节岛，他们对所看到的感到失望。 | |
| 451 | 31:03 | This was plainly not Terra Australis Incognita, the "unknown land of the South" that Europeans fully expected to exist in the southern hemisphere. | 这显然不是隐姓埋名的南极地，欧洲人完全期望存在于南半球的“未知的南方之地”。 | |
| 454 | 31:14 | His commercial backers in Holland would not be making their fortunes with this discovery. | 他在荷兰的商业支持者不会因为这个发现而发财。 | |
| 456 | 31:21 | They circumnavigated the shoreline, but the rough seas kept them at anchor for several days. | 他们绕着海岸线航行，但汹涌的大海使他们停泊了好几天。 | |
| 458 | 31:27 | Then, on Friday 10th April, | 然后，4月10日星期五， | |
| 459 | 31:30 | Roggeveen ordered a party of 134 men to brave the surf and make a landing. | 罗格文命令一个由134人组成的小队勇敢地冲上浪头并着陆。 | |
| 461 | 31:37 | As Friday mornings go, it was quite a significant one for the Rapa Nui. | 星期五的早晨，这对拉帕努伊来说是一个非常重要的时刻。 | |
| 463 | 31:42 | The Dutch spent several hours ashore, only marred when the islanders seemed to have enthusiastically mobbed the new arrivals, leading to muskets being fired and several Rapa Nui getting killed. | 荷兰人在岸上呆了几个小时，直到岛上的居民似乎热情地围攻新来的人，导致步枪被射杀，几名拉帕努伊被杀时，荷兰人才受到伤害。 | |
| 467 | 31:55 | Fortunately, peace was very quickly restored, and the Europeans began to inspect the village and its inhabitants. | 幸运的是，和平很快就恢复了，欧洲人开始视察村庄及其居民。 | |
| 469 | 32:03 | They were duly astonished by the statues, but otherwise only completed a cursory reconnoitre of the island, recording it in the Admiral's log, before leaving the next day. | 他们对这些雕像感到十分惊讶，但在第二天离开之前，他们只是粗略地勘察了一下这个岛屿，并把它记录在海军上将的日志中。 | |
| 472 | 32:13 | But the consequences of this brief visit were far-reaching. | 但这次短暂访问的后果是深远的。 | |
| 473 | 32:18 | The island now had a name, a latitude and longitude. | 这个岛现在有了一个名字，一个纬度和经度。 | |
| 474 | 32:22 | It would soon appear on maps in Europe, ultimately enabling others to follow in Roggeveen's wake, not least because of the tales of a coast lined with giant idols. | 它很快就会出现在欧洲的地图上，最终使其他人能够跟随罗格文的脚步，这不仅仅是因为传说中的海岸线长满了巨大的偶像。 | |
| 477 | 32:34 | But as the first European visitor to Rapa Nui, Roggeveen was also the first person to start asking questions. | 但作为第一个来到拉帕努伊的欧洲游客，罗格文也是第一个开始提问的人。 | |
| 479 | 32:43 | "At first, these stone figures | “一开始，这些石像 | |
| 480 | 32:45 | "caused us to be filled with wonder, | “使我们充满惊奇， | |
| 481 | 32:47 | "for we could not understand how it was possible | “因为我们无法理解这是怎么可能的 | |
| 482 | 32:50 | "that people who are destitute of heavy or thick timber, | “那些缺乏厚重木材的人们， | |
| 483 | 32:53 | "and also of stout cordage, had been able to erect them." | 又用粗壮的绳索，把它们立起来了 | |
| 484 | 32:57 | This visit gives us our first fixed historical pin on the timeline of the island's story. | 这次访问使我们第一次确定了该岛历史发展的时间轴。 | |
| 486 | 33:04 | So what did Roggeveen tell us? | 罗格文跟我们说了什么？ | |
| 487 | 33:07 | For such a brief visit, quite a lot, actually. | 对于这样一次短暂的访问，实际上相当多。 | |
| 488 | 33:10 | The Moai were still standing on their ahu, with no evidence of fallen figures. | 摩艾人仍然站在他们的空调机上，没有倒下的人影。 | |
| 490 | 33:15 | Deforestation had occurred, but it was by no means complete. | 森林砍伐已经发生了，但决不是完全的。 | |
| 491 | 33:18 | But, perhaps most significantly, the people were happy and well nourished. | 但是，也许最重要的是，人们很快乐，营养丰富。 | |
| 493 | 33:23 | There were abundant crops of yams, sweet potato, sugar cane. | 山药、红薯、甘蔗等作物丰富。 | |
| 494 | 33:27 | This doesn't seem like a society who's just undergone civil war, starvation and cannibalism. | 这不像是一个刚刚经历内战、饥饿和食人的社会。 | |
| 496 | 33:36 | Roggeveen's visit to Rapa Nui coincided with the first publication of Robinson Crusoe and tales of cannibalism were part of the thrill of these voyages of exploration. | 罗格文访问拉帕努伊恰逢《鲁滨逊漂流记》的首次出版，食人的故事是这些探险之旅刺激的一部分。 | |
| 500 | 33:49 | But in the unlikely event that cannibalism ever happened here, | 但在这里发生过不太可能的食人事件， | |
| 501 | 33:53 | I don't believe it was because, as the ecocide narrative argues, the people had run out of food. | 我不相信这是因为，正如生态杀戮的叙述所说，人们已经没有食物了。 | |
| 503 | 34:00 | These legends persist, though, and tourists are still taken to supposed cannibal picnic spots today. supposed cannibal picnic spots today. | 然而，这些传说依然存在，如今游客们仍然被带到食人野餐的地方。今天应该是吃人野餐的地方。 | |
| 506 | 34:06 | What better place for your cannibal feast than inside this picturesque cave? | 有什么地方比在这个风景如画的山洞里更适合吃人呢？ | |
| 508 | 34:11 | It's one of the many underground caverns and ancient lava tubes that form in this volcanic rock. | 它是在这片火山岩中形成的众多地下洞穴和古老的熔岩管之一。 | |
| 510 | 34:17 | This one is called Ana Kai Tangata, which means "eat man cave", but I'm pretty sure that no-one's ever been eaten here. | 这个叫Ana Kai Tangata，意思是“吃人洞”，但我敢肯定，这里从来没有人吃过东西。 | |
| 513 | 34:25 | Well, there's really no evidence for cannibalism whatsoever. | 嗯，真的没有吃人的证据。 | |
| 515 | 34:29 | When we do see it in the archaeological record, it's fairly clear. | 当我们在考古记录中看到它的时候，就相当清楚了。 | |
| 517 | 34:33 | You see butchered bones and you see people in soup pots and stuff. | 你看到被屠宰的骨头，你看到汤锅里的人。 | |
| 519 | 34:36 | We don't find that on Easter Island. | 我们在复活节岛上找不到。 | |
| 520 | 34:38 | All of the evidence is basically tradition and lore about cannibalism and all of that lore seems to have come from the 19th century, when Europeans arrive. | 所有的证据基本上都是关于食人的传统和传说，所有这些传说似乎都来自19世纪欧洲人到达时。 | |
| 523 | 34:47 | If we look into other cultures, cannibalism is very seldom based on the need of food. | 如果我们看看其他文化，食人族很少是基于对食物的需求。 | |
| 526 | 34:56 | It has more a spiritual meaning. | 它更具有精神意义。 | |
| 527 | 34:59 | But the reason was, for sure, not lack of food. | 但原因肯定不是缺乏食物。 | |
| 528 | 35:04 | So it doesn't seem to have been the gruesome venue its name suggests, but there is evidence of human activity here. | 因此，这似乎不是它的名字所暗示的可怕的地点，但这里有人类活动的证据。 | |
| 531 | 35:11 | The roof of the cave is decorated with colourful rock art. | 洞顶装饰着五彩缤纷的岩画。 | |
| 532 | 35:15 | Far from being the site of barbarous cannibalism, the walls of this cave once again show the sophistication of the Rapa Nui. | 这个洞穴的墙壁不再是野蛮食人的地方，而是再次展现了拉帕努伊人的成熟。 | |
| 535 | 35:23 | Roggeveen tells us that the people showed every sign of friendship. | 罗格文告诉我们，人们表现出了友谊的每一个迹象。 | |
| 537 | 35:28 | He saw no weapons. | 他没有看到武器。 | |
| 538 | 35:30 | Not only were the statues still standing, they were clearly still venerated, as the people were observed lighting fires in front of them and kneeling before them. | 这些雕像不仅仍然矗立着，而且显然仍然受到人们的崇敬，因为人们在雕像前生火，跪在雕像前。 | |
| 541 | 35:40 | There is nothing in his report that remotely suggests the culture of the Rapa Nui was in decline. | 在他的报告中，没有任何迹象表明拉帕努伊的文化正在衰落。 | |
| 543 | 35:47 | Far from it - his observations suggest it was flourishing, with new cultural traditions emerging. | 远非如此——他的观察表明，随着新的文化传统的出现，它正在蓬勃发展。 | |
| 545 | 35:54 | These drawings depict the Birdman, a human figure with the head and beak of a bird. | 这些图画描绘了鸟人，一个有鸟的头和喙的人像。 | |
| 547 | 36:01 | Similar images can be found all over the island. | 类似的图片在岛上随处可见。 | |
| 548 | 36:05 | The Birdman ceremonies took place in the most dramatic spot on Rapa Nui, a dizzying 1,000 feet above the waves on the southern tip of the island. | 鸟人仪式在拉帕努伊最引人注目的地方举行，拉帕努伊岛南端的海浪高出1000英尺，令人目眩。 | |
| 551 | 36:16 | This is Orongo, precariously perched on the Rano Kau volcano. | 这是奥朗戈，岌岌可危地栖息在拉诺考火山上。 | |
| 552 | 36:21 | It's a whole ceremonial landscape centred around the Birdman. | 这是一个以鸟人为中心的仪式景观。 | |
| 553 | 36:28 | They had a competition, the Birdman competition, which was essentially a stuntman race which involved going out to the furthest islet, Motu Nui, and waiting there for the Sooty Terns to arrive and to lay their eggs. | 他们有一个比赛，鸟人比赛，这基本上是一个特技比赛，涉及到最远的岛屿，莫图努伊，并在那里等待黑燕鸥到达并产卵。 | |
| 557 | 36:42 | And then the one who could bring an intact egg back all the way to his sponsor at the top of the cliff would then turn his sponsor into the Birdman for the year. | 然后，一个能把一个完整的蛋带回到悬崖顶端的赞助商那里的人，就会把他的赞助商变成今年的鸟人。 | |
| 560 | 36:51 | Birds were important in their eyes, because birds could come and go at will, unlike the islanders. | 鸟类在他们眼中很重要，因为鸟类可以随意来来去去，不像岛民。 | |
| 563 | 37:00 | These low stone buildings are claimed to have been the site of elaborate ceremonies that took place each spring. | 据称，这些低矮的石头建筑是每年春天举行的精心制作的仪式的所在地。 | |
| 565 | 37:07 | In the 1860s, Catholic missionaries witnessed the enactment of the final Birdman rituals, a practice they were largely instrumental in wiping out. | 在19世纪60年代，天主教传教士见证了最后的鸟人仪式的实施，他们在很大程度上帮助消灭了这种做法。 | |
| 568 | 37:18 | The island is still a largely Catholic community today and at the harbour in Hanga Roa, Saint Peter stands triumphant on a pedestal decorated with the motif of the Birdman he superseded. | 今天，该岛仍然是一个主要的天主教社区，在汉加罗亚的港口，圣彼得胜利地站在一个装饰着他所取代的鸟人图案的基座上。 | |
| 571 | 37:32 | We still don't know how the Rapa Nui developed these different strands of their culture. | 我们仍然不知道拉帕努伊人是如何发展出这些不同的文化的。 | |
| 573 | 37:38 | It has been suggested that the Birdman rituals grew in importance as the Moai were being abandoned, but whatever the connection, they both reinforce the sense of a people at one with their landscape. | 有人认为，随着摩艾人被遗弃，鸟人仪式变得越来越重要，但无论两者之间有什么联系，它们都强化了一个民族与他们的景观融为一体的感觉。 | |
| 576 | 37:50 | LIPO: Orango's fascinating because it is very different culturally. | 利波：奥兰戈很迷人，因为它在文化上非常不同。 | |
| 577 | 37:53 | It's very possible that this idea of someone going and getting something that's rare shows up as a sort of response to European interaction. | 很有可能有人去买一些稀罕的东西，这是对欧洲互动的一种回应。 | |
| 579 | 38:01 | When Europeans arrive, they bring private goods with them, sort of foreign goods, and those goods become very sought after and you see this over and over and over again, that people for the first time in their lives could have something that no-one else could have and it was as simple as a hat or a piece of cloth. | 当欧洲人到来时，他们带来了私人物品，类似于外国物品，这些物品变得非常抢手，你一次又一次地看到，人们有生以来第一次可以拥有别人无法拥有的东西，就像一顶帽子或一块布一样简单。 | |
| 584 | 38:21 | The art inspired by the Birdman rituals is everywhere up here. | 受鸟人仪式启发的艺术在这里随处可见。 | |
| 585 | 38:25 | Over 1,300 separate low relief rock carvings, or petroglyphs, cover this site. | 超过1300个独立的低浮雕，或岩画，涵盖了这个网站。 | |
| 587 | 38:33 | This decorative rock art is a way of marking the skin of the earth, and the Rapa Nui marked their own bodies with tattoos in much the same way, bringing together the people, the ceremonial sites and the landscape within which they lived. | 这种装饰性的岩石艺术是一种标记地球皮肤的方式，拉帕努伊人用纹身在自己的身体上做了大致相同的标记，将人们、仪式地点和他们居住的景观结合在一起。 | |
| 591 | 38:47 | TATTOO GUN WHIRRS | 纹身枪呼呼作响 | |
| 592 | 38:54 | That the Rapa Nui tattooed and painted their bodies was recorded by the earliest European visitors, and today you'd be hard-pressed to find a Rapa Nui person who doesn't have some form of tattoo. | 最早的欧洲游客记录了拉帕努伊的纹身和身体彩绘，今天你很难找到一个没有纹身的拉帕努伊人。 | |
| 596 | 39:06 | Iorana. Iorana. | 伊奥拉纳。伊奥拉纳。 | |
| 597 | 39:08 | The most popular images are taken from the visual culture of the island's history. | 最受欢迎的图片是从视觉文化的岛屿的历史。 | |
| 599 | 39:15 | IN TRANSLATION FROM HIS OWN LANGUAGE: | 用他自己的语言翻译： | |
| 600 | 40:12 | A real-life walking moai might sound absurd, but they do feature in Rapa Nui legend. | 现实生活中行走的摩艾听起来可能很荒谬，但它们确实出现在拉帕努伊传说中。 | |
| 602 | 40:18 | And legends can sometimes point us towards facts, in this case, a plausible explanation of how the moai were moved. | 传说有时会把我们引向事实，在这种情况下，一个似是而非的解释是如何移动摩埃人。 | |
| 605 | 40:27 | Two American archaeologists began to look again at the thorny issue of how the statues were moved when they noticed significant differences between the moai on the ahu, and the so-called "road moai" - the statues that appeared to have been abandoned whilst being moved across the island. | 当两位美国考古学家注意到ahu上的摩艾和所谓的“道路摩艾”之间的显著差异时，他们开始重新审视雕像是如何移动的这个棘手问题——这些雕像似乎是在移动到岛上时被遗弃的。 | |
| 611 | 40:44 | Were these figures made in such a way that they could be moved standing upright? | 这些雕像是不是可以直立移动？ | |
| 613 | 40:50 | LIPO: The difference between the road statues and the island statues is night and day. | 李波：公路雕像和岛屿雕像的区别是白天和黑夜。 | |
| 615 | 40:54 | When you look at just the road statues, you see that they're shaped in a way that doesn't allow them to stand up. | 当你只看那些道路雕像时，你会发现它们的形状不允许它们竖立起来。 | |
| 617 | 41:01 | They carefully constructed these statues and you have to get all the details right - the centre of gravity, the basal part, the angle of its form were all vital in terms of allowing it to move. | 他们精心建造了这些雕像，你必须把所有的细节都弄好——重心、底座、形状的角度都是让它移动的关键。 | |
| 621 | 41:12 | It's that falling point that actually makes it possible for the statue to move. | 正是这个落点使得雕像有可能移动。 | |
| 623 | 41:16 | It puts it in a dynamic position, so that all you need to do is add the rocking part and it starts to walk. | 它把它放在一个动态的位置，所以你所需要做的就是添加摇摆部分，它就开始行走。 | |
| 625 | 41:23 | Heave-ho! Heave-ho! | 举起来！举起来！ | |
| 626 | 41:26 | Using a scaled down statue based on the dimensions of a road moai, a small team of students were able to move it, standing upright, using only its own momentum and equilibrium. | 一小队学生利用一个按道路尺寸缩小的雕像，直立着移动它，只用它自身的动量和平衡。 | |
| 630 | 41:39 | I love it! It really brings them alive. | 我喜欢！它真的让他们充满活力。 | |
| 631 | 41:41 | Yeah, I know, it does! | 是的，我知道，是的！ | |
| 632 | 41:42 | I must have been an amazing sight to see these things. | 看到这些东西我一定很惊讶。 | |
| 633 | 41:45 | Especially the taller ones moving. | 尤其是高个子的。 | |
| 634 | 41:46 | Cos they become alive, they really are walking. | 因为他们活着，他们真的在走路。 | |
| 635 | 41:49 | And it makes sense - if you're going to move a gigantic thing, especially ones that are three times this height, you're going to be really good at it. | 如果你要移动一个巨大的物体，特别是三倍于这个高度的物体，你会非常擅长的。 | |
| 638 | 41:57 | Heave-ho! | 举起来！ | |
| 639 | 41:58 | One intriguing idea is that the process may have changed over time. | 一个有趣的想法是，这个过程可能随着时间的推移而改变。 | |
| 640 | 42:03 | As trees became more scarce, the Rapa Nui may have adapted their techniques... | 随着树木变得越来越稀少，拉帕努伊可能已经适应了他们的技术。。。 | |
| 642 | 42:10 | ..maybe even affecting the shape of the moai themselves. | …甚至可能影响摩艾的形状。 | |
| 643 | 42:16 | The Museums of Art and History in Brussels have one of the earliest statues, removed in 1934 by a Franco-Belgian expedition. | 布鲁塞尔的艺术和历史博物馆有一座最早的雕像，1934年被法国-比利时探险队移走。 | |
| 645 | 42:26 | LIPO: If you look at the earlier statues, you find a lot of variability. | 利波：如果你看看早期的雕像，你会发现很多变化。 | |
| 647 | 42:29 | You find statues that have big wide heads, statues with round heads, kind of triangular shaped things, all kind of weird shapes. | 你会发现有宽大脑袋的雕像，圆头的雕像，三角形的东西，各种奇怪的形状。 | |
| 650 | 42:37 | Many of those aren't suited for walking. | 其中许多不适合走路。 | |
| 651 | 42:39 | The walking shape, this particular sort of bowling pin type shape, this wide base and narrowing at the top, you find the larger statues and the later statues all looking more and more like that shape, which probably relates to as they get bigger, that's the only way to move them. | 走路的形状，这种特殊的保龄球针型形状，底部宽，顶部窄，你会发现更大的雕像和后来的雕像看起来都越来越像这个形状，这可能与它们变大有关，这是移动它们的唯一方法。 | |
| 656 | 42:53 | There's certain other resources they probably used when those were more abundant. | 在资源更丰富的时候，他们可能会用到其他一些资源。 | |
| 658 | 42:58 | You could imagine rails and something to help slide things along. | 你可以想象栏杆和一些东西来帮助滑动东西。 | |
| 660 | 43:01 | But they came upon this walking idea along the way of moving them. | 但是他们在移动它们的过程中产生了这个想法。 | |
| 662 | 43:06 | They are amazing engineers, amazing talent for taking rock and doing things with it. | 他们是了不起的工程师，有着惊人的天赋，能拿石头做事。 | |
| 664 | 43:12 | So, the Rapa Nui may not have used many trees to move their moai at all. | 所以，拉帕努伊人可能根本没有用很多树来移动他们的摩艾。 | |
| 666 | 43:17 | But even if they did, it is far from certain that this alone could have caused their downfall. | 但即使他们这样做了，单凭这一点就可能导致他们的垮台，这一点还远不能确定。 | |
| 668 | 43:23 | MIETH: We have about 1,000 moai on the island. | 米斯：岛上大约有1000个摩艾人。 | |
| 669 | 43:27 | Maybe half of them were transported, perhaps with support of palm trunks. | 可能有一半是用棕榈树干运输的。 | |
| 671 | 43:34 | We can figure out maybe 1,000 trunks per moai, then we have in total about half a million of trunks used for transporting moai. | 我们可以计算出每个摩埃大约有1000条干线，那么我们总共有大约50万条用于运输摩埃的干线。 | |
| 675 | 43:47 | But, on the other hand, we have 16 million palm trees calculated on the island when the first settlers came. | 但是，另一方面，当第一批定居者到来时，我们在岛上有1600万棵棕榈树。 | |
| 677 | 43:55 | Where have the other 15 half million palm trees gone? | 另外1500万棵棕榈树去了哪里？ | |
| 678 | 44:01 | We don't know yet. We have ideas, but surely not only for transporting and constructing of ahu and moai. | 我们还不知道。我们有想法，但肯定不仅仅是运输和建设ahu和moai。 | |
| 681 | 44:09 | If the Rapa Nui were worried about running out of trees, they certainly didn't behave like it. | 如果拉帕努伊人担心没有树，他们肯定不会这样做。 | |
| 683 | 44:15 | Knowing what I do about the ingenuity of these people in other aspects of their lives, | 我知道我是怎么看待这些人在生活的其他方面的独创性的， | |
| 685 | 44:20 | I find it so hard to believe that they couldn't see such an obvious problem, figuratively cutting off the branch that they were sitting on. | 我很难相信他们看不到这么明显的问题，形象地把他们坐的树枝砍掉。 | |
| 688 | 44:29 | The more we uncover about the island's past, the clearer it seems to me that it wasn't the moai that led the Rapa Nui to cut down their trees. | 我们对这个岛屿的历史了解得越多，我就越清楚，不是摩艾人导致拉帕努伊人砍伐了他们的树木。 | |
| 691 | 44:38 | And there's even less evidence that there was a civil war and a collapse of Rapa Nui society. | 还有更少的证据表明发生了内战和拉帕努伊社会的崩溃。 | |
| 693 | 44:43 | In fact, the Birdman rituals suggest their cultural traditions were still evolving. | 事实上，鸟人的仪式表明他们的文化传统仍在演变。 | |
| 695 | 44:48 | But regardless, some deforestation did occur. | 但不管怎样，确实发生了一些森林砍伐。 | |
| 696 | 44:52 | So why did they do it, and did it lead to their downfall? | 那么，他们为什么要这么做，这会导致他们的垮台吗？ | |
| 697 | 44:55 | What was it about their island that precipitated such a radical transformation? | 他们的岛屿是什么促成了如此彻底的转变？ | |
| 699 | 45:01 | What makes Polynesia so fascinating is this tremendous environmental variation in the kinds of islands that we have. | 使波利尼西亚如此引人入胜的是我们所拥有的各种岛屿的巨大环境变化。 | |
| 702 | 45:08 | Big islands, small islands, islands that are in the temperate zone, islands in the tropics, coral, volcanic, and so on. coral, volcanic, and so on. | 大岛、小岛、温带岛屿、热带岛屿、珊瑚、火山等等。珊瑚、火山等。 | |
| 706 | 45:14 | So we have a kind of set of natural experiments, if you will, of the way in which the same culture the Polynesians adapted to and used resources on these very different kinds of islands. | 所以我们有一系列的自然实验，如果你愿意的话，关于波利尼西亚人适应和利用这些不同岛屿资源的方式。 | |
| 709 | 45:27 | Rapa Nui is a volcanic island of a moderate size, but it's way down in the southeast of Polynesia, but it's way down in the southeast of Polynesia, so it's really getting almost into the temperate. | 拉帕努伊是一个中等大小的火山岛，但是它在波利尼西亚的东南部，但是它在波利尼西亚的东南部，所以它几乎进入了温带。 | |
| 713 | 45:37 | It's sub-tropical to temperate, so the climate had a lot of influence, and the geology is fairly old, so the soils have less nutrients than they would on very young volcanic islands. | 它是亚热带到温带，所以气候有很大的影响，而且地质相当古老，所以土壤的养分比非常年轻的火山岛少。 | |
| 717 | 45:48 | So you have to have other sources of nutrient input in order to sustain intensive agriculture. | 因此，你必须有其他来源的养分投入，以维持集约农业。 | |
| 719 | 45:55 | When the first king, Hotu Matu'a, arrived on his double-hulled canoe with his new island starter pack of crops and animals, he would have found an island largely covered by this kind of dense undergrowth. | 当第一位国王霍图·马图阿（Hotu Matu'a）乘着他的双壳独木舟，带着他新的岛上的庄稼和动物，来到这里时，他会发现一个岛上大部分都是这种茂密的灌木丛。 | |
| 723 | 46:09 | So you can easily see that his first task would have been to start clearing the forest. | 所以你可以很容易地看到，他的第一个任务是开始清理森林。 | |
| 725 | 46:15 | In this respect, the Rapa Nui would have been no different to most other new colonists the world over. | 在这方面，拉帕努伊人与世界上大多数其他新殖民者没有什么不同。 | |
| 727 | 46:21 | Slash and burn clearance for agriculture is the most common cause of deforestation and it's still happening today in the world's rainforests. | 为了农业而进行的刀耕火种的砍伐是造成森林砍伐的最常见原因，而且这种情况今天仍在世界雨林中发生。 | |
| 730 | 46:32 | By felling and burning the trees, the Rapa Nui not only cleared more land to grow food, but enriched the soil with nutrients from the wood. | 通过砍伐和焚烧树木，拉帕努伊人不仅清理了更多的土地来种植粮食，而且用木材中的养分丰富了土壤。 | |
| 733 | 46:42 | Far from reducing the food supply, cutting down the trees would have greatly increased the island's productivity. | 砍伐树木非但不会减少食物供应，反而会大大提高岛上的生产力。 | |
| 736 | 46:50 | The palm itself is extinct. | 棕榈树本身已经灭绝了。 | |
| 737 | 46:53 | It does not exist any more. | 它已经不存在了。 | |
| 738 | 46:55 | But we found these carbonised traces here, coming from when the entire forest was slashed and remains had been burned. | 但是我们在这里发现了这些碳化的痕迹，是整个森林被砍伐，残骸被烧毁时留下的。 | |
| 741 | 47:05 | Charcoal was used for improving fertility of soils. | 木炭被用来提高土壤肥力。 | |
| 742 | 47:10 | We can date the charred wood to find out the chronology of deforestation. | 我们可以确定烧焦的木头的年代来找出森林砍伐的年代。 | |
| 744 | 47:17 | We took samples from all over the island and we found that deforestation started on the island about 1250 and ended roughly about 1650. | 我们从全岛采集了样本，发现森林砍伐从1250年开始，到1650年结束。 | |
| 747 | 47:31 | Deforestation involved high labour efforts. | 砍伐森林需要大量劳力。 | |
| 748 | 47:36 | We calculated from the number of about 16 million palm trees that at least 400 people daily were involved in the slash and burn activities on the island. | 我们根据大约1600万棵棕榈树的数量计算，每天至少有400人参与岛上的刀耕火种活动。 | |
| 751 | 48:00 | Cutting down and burning the trees may not have been unusual, however it seems to have gone far beyond what was necessary for agriculture. | 砍伐和焚烧树木可能并不罕见，但似乎远远超出了农业所需。 | |
| 754 | 48:10 | The various theories proposing statues, civil war or just mismanagement to account for this are still hotly disputed. | 各种理论提出雕像，内战或只是管理不善来解释这一点仍然是激烈的争议。 | |
| 756 | 48:19 | Relative to its tiny size, Rapa Nui has probably been the subject of more conjecture and speculation than any other place on Earth and still manages to draw together regular conferences at which some of the world's leading scientists argue over its past. | 相对于它的微小体积，拉帕努伊可能比地球上任何其他地方都受到更多的猜测和猜测，并且仍然设法召集定期会议，在这些会议上，一些世界顶尖科学家对它的过去进行了辩论。 | |
| 761 | 48:36 | Ultimately, whether we prefer one or other of the theories, or elements of all of them, the fact is the island ecology had changed. | 归根结底，无论我们喜欢其中一种理论，还是所有理论的要素，事实是岛屿生态已经发生了变化。 | |
| 765 | 48:46 | The local palm tree had become extinct. | 当地的棕榈树已经灭绝了。 | |
| 766 | 48:49 | This is the Poike Peninsula and it was the first area of the island to become deforested. | 这是波克半岛，也是岛上第一个被砍伐森林的地区。 | |
| 768 | 48:55 | The soil quickly degraded and it appears that the Rapa Nui then abandoned any attempt to grow things here. | 土壤很快就退化了，看来拉帕努伊人放弃了在这里种植东西的任何尝试。 | |
| 771 | 49:05 | The hillsides are scarred with patches of bare ground without any vegetation, where storm waters and run-off have washed the soil into the sea. | 山坡上到处都是没有植被的裸露地面，暴雨和径流把土壤冲进了大海。 | |
| 774 | 49:16 | But though the Rapa Nui gave up the fight here, elsewhere on the island they fared rather better. | 但是，尽管拉帕努伊放弃了战斗在这里，在岛上其他地方，他们的表现更好。 | |
| 776 | 49:22 | In fact, they showed remarkable resilience and a technical ingenuity that was easily the equal of their statue building skills. | 事实上，他们表现出非凡的韧性和技术上的独创性，这很容易与他们的造像技能相媲美。 | |
| 779 | 49:38 | Their goal was to maximise and stabilise agricultural production and they developed a method that allowed them to hang on to their topsoil and replenish its nutrients. | 他们的目标是最大限度地提高和稳定农业生产，他们开发了一种方法，使他们能够抓住表土并补充其养分。 | |
| 783 | 49:52 | The first Europeans to see this landscape would have had a very clear idea of what fertile farmland looked like. | 第一批看到这片土地的欧洲人会非常清楚肥沃的农田是什么样子。 | |
| 785 | 50:00 | Back home, you cleared the land of stones and rocks for the plough to grow crops. | 回到家，你清理了土地上的石头和石头，让犁种庄稼。 | |
| 787 | 50:05 | These rock-strewn fields would have struck them as very poor land for cultivation. | 这些布满岩石的田地对他们来说是非常贫瘠的耕地。 | |
| 789 | 50:10 | But they were wrong. | 但他们错了。 | |
| 790 | 50:13 | These stones aren't the remnants of the weathered bedrock. | 这些石头不是风化基岩的残余物。 | |
| 791 | 50:16 | Incredibly, they've all been brought here and distributed deliberately. | 令人难以置信的是，他们都是被带到这里故意分发的。 | |
| 793 | 50:21 | And they have a dramatic effect on the land that they cover. | 它们对它们所覆盖的土地产生了巨大的影响。 | |
| 794 | 50:27 | The stone layer protected the soil from wind and water erosion. | 石层保护土壤免受风蚀和水蚀。 | |
| 795 | 50:32 | It improved the microclimate for the crops they planted, protected the soil from the drying effects of the sun and deterred weeds. | 它改善了他们种植的作物的小气候，保护土壤免受阳光的干燥影响，并阻止杂草的生长。 | |
| 798 | 50:40 | 300 years later, these stones continue to preserve fertile, cultivable soils on the land they cover. | 300年后，这些石头继续在它们覆盖的土地上保存肥沃、可耕种的土壤。 | |
| 800 | 50:49 | This was an ingenious solution to the effect deforestation had on the soil. | 这是一个巧妙的解决森林砍伐对土壤影响的方法。 | |
| 802 | 50:54 | It's a process known as lithic mulching. | 这是一个被称为岩屑覆盖的过程。 | |
| 803 | 50:58 | Lithic mulching or stone mulching is a very special technique, which was invented on Easter Island. | 石质覆盖或石质覆盖是一种非常特殊的技术，发明于复活节岛。 | |
| 806 | 51:07 | In its kind, unique in the whole world. | 在世界上独一无二。 | |
| 807 | 51:11 | The stones now functioned as a protection layer. | 这些石头现在起到了保护层的作用。 | |
| 808 | 51:16 | They compensated the loss of the palm trees, which before protected the soils against harsh weather conditions. | 他们补偿了棕榈树的损失，棕榈树在恶劣的天气条件下保护了土壤。 | |
| 810 | 51:24 | Now the stones took over this function. | 现在石头接管了这个功能。 | |
| 811 | 51:31 | In much the same way that the Rapa Nui were able to organise themselves to manufacture the statues and clear the land for farming, so to they worked together on the huge task of covering nearly half the island with lithic mulch. | 就像拉帕努伊人能够组织起来制作雕像和清理农田一样，他们共同完成了用岩屑覆盖近一半岛屿的巨大任务。 | |
| 816 | 51:46 | These people were no shirkers. | 这些人没有逃避责任。 | |
| 817 | 51:50 | We figured out - by calculations of the number and size and weight of stones - that over about 400 years daily, at least 100 to 150 strong men must have been involved in this technique. | 通过计算石头的数量、大小和重量，我们发现在大约400年的时间里，每天至少有100到150个强壮的人参与了这项技术。 | |
| 822 | 52:12 | I can see from this that it's entirely possible the Rapa Nui wanted to clear some of their island of trees, not to move the statues, but because they wanted to eat. | 我可以从中看出，拉帕努伊人完全有可能想要清除他们岛上的一些树木，不是为了移动雕像，而是因为他们想吃东西。 | |
| 825 | 52:24 | Lithic mulching was not the only sustainable technique they developed to increase their productivity. | 岩屑覆盖并不是他们为提高生产力而开发的唯一可持续技术。 | |
| 827 | 52:30 | The French botanist Jacques Barrau made a distinction between farmers and gardeners. | 法国植物学家雅克·巴劳区分了农民和园丁。 | |
| 829 | 52:37 | A farmer grows a multitude of identical anonymous plants together in a field, but a gardener cherishes each plant individually. | 一个农民在一块地里一起种植许多相同的无名植物，而园丁却各自珍视每一种植物。 | |
| 833 | 52:46 | I like to think the Rapa Nui would fall into the second category. | 我想拉帕努伊应该属于第二类。 | |
| 834 | 52:51 | Another of their solutions to increase their food supply were little-protected gardens they called manavai. | 他们增加食物供应的另一个解决办法是他们称之为manavai的小保护花园。 | |
| 836 | 52:58 | A small low wall enclosing a circular space a few metres across protected a mix of crops, retaining moisture and providing shelter from the salt wind. | 一道低矮的小墙围成一个几米宽的圆形空间，保护着各种作物，保持着水分，并提供了躲避盐风的庇护所。 | |
| 839 | 53:09 | There are thousands of these manavai, | 有成千上万的马纳威人， | |
| 840 | 53:12 | "protected gardens", all over Rapa Nui and they show that personal solution to the food supply. | “保护花园”，遍布拉帕努伊，他们展示了个人解决食物供应的方法。 | |
| 842 | 53:18 | And there were other innovations in this landscape too. | 在这个领域也有其他的创新。 | |
| 843 | 53:27 | A hidden resource, unseen from the surface, are caverns formed by | 从表面看不见的隐藏资源是由 | |
| 844 | 53:32 | A hidden resource, unseen from the surface, are caverns formed by the collapsed roofs of the island's network of volcanic lava tubes. | 一个隐藏的资源，从表面看不见，是由岛上的火山熔岩管网络坍塌屋顶形成的洞穴。 | |
| 846 | 53:39 | Sonia Haoa is a Rapa Nui archaeologist who has spent years surveying the island to document all its prehistoric sites. | 索尼娅·豪亚是一位拉帕努伊的考古学家，她花了数年时间调查这个岛屿，以记录其所有史前遗址。 | |
| 848 | 53:48 | Without extensive tree cover, many of the crops that need shade to survive were grown in these caverns. | 由于没有大面积的树木覆盖，许多需要遮荫才能生存的作物都生长在这些洞穴里。 | |
| 851 | 53:57 | So this has all been planted, then? | 那么，这些都种下了？ | |
| 852 | 53:59 | These are all banana. It's a type of banana. Yeah? Yeah. | 这些都是香蕉。这是香蕉的一种。是 啊？是 啊。 | |
| 853 | 54:02 | They seem to be growing very well down here. | 他们在这里似乎长得很好。 | |
| 854 | 54:04 | They're protected from the wind. | 它们被风保护着。 | |
| 855 | 54:05 | Yeah, yeah. They have protection, but also the nutrition of the rocks and they create like a... how you say? Microclimate? | 是的，是的。它们既有保护作用，又有岩石的营养，它们就像一个。。。你怎么说？小气候？ | |
| 859 | 54:14 | Microclimate inside. | 内部小气候。 | |
| 860 | 54:16 | And it's not only good for banana, but you can put taro, ohe, tea, sugar cane. | 它不仅对香蕉有好处，而且你可以放芋头，哦，茶，甘蔗。 | |
| 862 | 54:22 | And how extensive are these caves? | 这些洞穴有多大？ | |
| 863 | 54:25 | You can have 3km or 4km of caves and inside there, of course, is divide for different reasons. | 你可以有3公里或4公里的洞穴，当然，里面有不同的原因。 | |
| 866 | 54:37 | These caves are the inner landscape of Rapa Nui. | 这些洞穴是拉帕努伊的内部景观。 | |
| 867 | 54:40 | They stretch under as much as 30% of the land surface. | 它们延伸到陆地表面的30%以下。 | |
| 868 | 54:45 | Accounts from Europeans who visited the island in the late 18th century often mention how few women they saw. | 18世纪末访问过该岛的欧洲人的描述经常提到他们见到的女性是多么的少。 | |
| 870 | 54:52 | Possibly that may have been because they were hidden in these caves for protection. | 可能是因为它们被藏在这些洞穴里保护。 | |
| 872 | 54:58 | But the most important role these caverns played in the wellbeing of the islanders was to offer them more variety in their diet. | 但这些洞穴对岛民的福祉所起的最重要作用是为他们的饮食提供更多的多样性。 | |
| 875 | 55:08 | At the end, you can understand the relation of human with the rocks was very important and they are a way of surviving. | 最后，你可以理解人类与岩石的关系是非常重要的，它们是一种生存方式。 | |
| 878 | 55:19 | Using and using and using the rocks. | 使用，使用，使用岩石。 | |
| 879 | 55:22 | When you are isolated, you need to create. | 当你被孤立时，你需要创造。 | |
| 880 | 55:26 | Yeah? Because you have to survive. | 是吗？因为你必须生存。 | |
| 881 | 55:29 | These people, they have to think like a rock. | 这些人，他们必须像石头一样思考。 | |
| 882 | 55:33 | Yeah? They have to live with the rock. | 是吗？他们必须和岩石一起生活。 | |
| 883 | 55:40 | The sweet potatoes, yams and taro supplied the carbohydrates the Rapa Nui needed to support their labour-intensive agricultural practices. | 红薯、山药和芋头提供了拉帕努伊所需的碳水化合物，以支持他们的劳动密集型农业实践。 | |
| 886 | 55:50 | They seem to have had plenty of protein too. | 它们似乎也含有大量的蛋白质。 | |
| 887 | 55:54 | In addition to the chickens that the first settlers brought with them, they supplemented their diet with sea birds. | 除了第一批定居者带来的鸡外，他们还用海鸟来补充饮食。 | |
| 889 | 56:01 | The island had one of the largest bird colonies in the Pacific, though later overhunting would force the birds to retreat to the offshore islets. | 该岛是太平洋上最大的鸟类聚居地之一，不过后来过度捕猎会迫使这些鸟类撤退到近海岛屿。 | |
| 892 | 56:11 | There was one other resource that the Rapa Nui could rely on - the sea. | 拉帕努伊人还可以依赖另一种资源——海洋。 | |
| 894 | 56:15 | They could always fish the waters around the island. | 他们总能在岛周围的水域捕鱼。 | |
| 895 | 56:18 | But even here the particular characteristics of Rapa Nui didn't make it easy for them. | 但即便是在这里，拉帕努伊的特殊特征也让他们感到不容易。 | |
| 897 | 56:26 | Launching a boat is difficult on this rocky volcanic coast. | 在这个多岩石的火山海岸下水很困难。 | |
| 898 | 56:30 | Storms are frequent and the shore slopes dramatically into the ocean, without any reef to provide protection from the surf. | 风暴频繁，海岸急剧地向海洋倾斜，没有任何礁石来保护自己免受海浪的冲击。 | |
| 900 | 56:38 | ENGINE RUMBLES | 发动机隆隆作响 | |
| 901 | 56:41 | Nonetheless, fishing has always been a part of the Rapa Nui way of life and still is today. | 尽管如此，捕鱼一直是拉帕努伊生活方式的一部分，至今仍然如此。 | |
| 903 | 56:49 | The wind, which is so noticeable on land, is just as significant out at sea, where the waters are almost always choppy. | 风在陆地上非常明显，在海上也同样重要，那里的海水几乎总是波涛汹涌的。 | |
| 905 | 56:59 | Carlos is a spear fisherman and we're going to see just what the ocean has to offer. | 卡洛斯是一个长矛渔夫，我们要看看海洋能提供什么。 | |
| 907 | 57:19 | Don't be deceived by the wetsuit and snorkel - | 不要被潜水衣和潜水管所欺骗- | |
| 908 | 57:22 | Carlos' only breathing apparatus are his lungs. | 卡洛斯唯一的呼吸器是他的肺。 | |
| 909 | 57:28 | Once beneath the waves, it soon becomes clear just what a rich resource this would have been. | 一旦被海浪淹没，很快就会清楚这将是多么丰富的资源。 | |
| 911 | 57:35 | One benefit of the deep water and the rocky shore is that the ocean is very clear and spotting your prey is a simple matter. | 深水和岩石海岸的好处之一是海洋非常清澈，发现猎物很简单。 | |
| 913 | 57:57 | Taking into account their various ingenious agricultural practices and considering they were surrounded by an ocean full of fish, | 考虑到他们各种巧妙的农业做法，并考虑到他们被充满鱼类的海洋包围， | |
| 915 | 58:04 | I'm pretty confident that the Rapa Nui always had plenty to eat. | 我很有信心拉帕努伊总是有很多吃的。 | |
| 917 | 58:10 | Through their innovations and their careful cultivation of their landscape, they had developed a sustainable way to live in one of the most difficult places on Earth. | 通过他们的创新和对风景的精心培育，他们已经发展出一种可持续的方式来生活在地球上最困难的地方之一。 | |
| 921 | 58:25 | This security allowed them to develop a society in which cultural expression could flourish. | 这种安全感使他们能够发展一个文化表达能够蓬勃发展的社会。 | |
| 923 | 58:31 | Even today, we are still uncovering previously unrecorded aspects of the cultural life of this island. | 即使在今天，我们仍然在揭示这个岛屿文化生活中以前未记录的方面。 | |
| 925 | 58:40 | There are no permanent watercourses on Rapa Nui, but on the slopes of | 拉帕努伊没有永久性水道，但位于 | |
| 926 | 58:44 | Mount Terevaka, the highest point on the island, there is an ancient gully that takes run-off down the hillside after heavy rainfall. | 特里瓦卡山是岛上的最高点，有一条古老的沟壑，暴雨过后从山坡上流出。 | |
| 928 | 58:52 | In the last few years, excavations by a team from the German Archaeological Institute have uncovered a very elaborate complex of dams and stone pavements, which have been hidden under the turf for centuries. | 在过去的几年里，德国考古研究所的一个小组进行了挖掘，发现了一个非常复杂的水坝和石路，这些水坝和石路已经隐藏在草皮下几个世纪了。 | |
| 932 | 59:06 | You can really see the different kind of material and how the different layers have formed. | 你真的可以看到不同种类的材料和不同的层是如何形成的。 | |
| 934 | 59:12 | The whole area was all covered with pavement. | 整个地区都铺满了人行道。 | |
| 935 | 59:14 | A very elaborate pavement with some very interesting structures. | 一个非常精致的路面，有一些非常有趣的结构。 | |
| 936 | 59:19 | Inside, we have three parallel water channels. | 里面有三条平行的水道。 | |
| 937 | 59:22 | The amount of water that came down this creek has always been very, very little. | 从这条小溪流下来的水量一直非常非常少。 | |
| 939 | 59:27 | It cannot be imagined like a real river or anything in that sense. | 它不能想象成一条真正的河流或任何这样的东西。 | |
| 940 | 59:30 | We think that the water could have been channelled as another aspect of transforming the landscape. | 我们认为水可以作为改变景观的另一个方面被引导。 | |
| 942 | 59:37 | MIETH: We don't know for what purpose these huge constructions were built. | 米斯：我们不知道这些巨大的建筑是为了什么目的建造的。 | |
| 944 | 59:43 | Perhaps for a very special type of water cult. | 也许是为了一种非常特殊的水崇拜。 | |
| 945 | 59:46 | But the dam-like structures were not for retaining water behind the dam, because the stone structure is very loose and lets the water through. | 但是像大坝一样的结构并不是用来在大坝后面挡水的，因为石头结构非常松散，可以让水通过。 | |
| 947 | 59:56 | Perhaps this was a culture connected to the loss of palm forests on the island, connected to the importance of water after deforestation. | 也许这是一种与岛上棕榈林消失有关的文化，与森林砍伐后水的重要性有关。 | |
| 950 | 00:09 | Overlooking this valley, a small ahu with its fallen moai alludes to the ritual significance of this site. | 俯瞰着这个山谷，一个小的ahu和它倒下的摩艾暗示着这个地方的仪式意义。 | |
| 952 | 00:17 | We found inside the pavement planting pits for palm trees, which is a really spectacular find, in that sense that we always hear about the Rapa Nui having cut down the palm tree vegetation, but now we also have evidence that they planted them. | 我们在人行道内发现了种植棕榈树的坑，这是一个非常壮观的发现，从这个意义上说，我们总是听说拉帕努伊人砍掉了棕榈树的植被，但现在我们也有了他们种植棕榈树的证据。 | |
| 957 | 00:33 | That they, in a way, cherished them to have them as part of a transformed landscape. | 在某种程度上，他们珍视它们，把它们作为一个改变了的景观的一部分。 | |
| 959 | 00:40 | How far do you think these pavements spread? | 你认为这些人行道有多远？ | |
| 960 | 00:42 | Well, we have pavements all over. | 我们到处都是人行道。 | |
| 961 | 00:46 | We have them up on the slopes. | 我们把它们放在斜坡上。 | |
| 962 | 00:47 | And even going up the ravine, you have paved areas, also hydraulically active structures. | 即使是在峡谷上，你也有铺砌的区域，也有水力活跃的结构。 | |
| 964 | 00:55 | Further up the slope, this stone-lined basin was uncovered - more evidence that water was at the heart of this complex. | 再往上走，这个石砌的盆地被发现了——更多的证据表明，水是这个建筑群的核心。 | |
| 966 | 01:05 | This impression shows how the site might have appeared in the past. | 这个印象显示了这个网站在过去是如何出现的。 | |
| 967 | 01:09 | I believe this evidence of carefully engineered water features and plantations of Easter Island palms fundamentally alters our ideas about the Rapa Nui's stewardship of their island. | 我相信这些精心设计的水景和复活节岛棕榈种植园的证据从根本上改变了我们对拉帕努伊人管理他们岛屿的想法。 | |
| 970 | 01:21 | These new discoveries show that quite late on in the life of their society, the Rapa Nui were not just cutting palm trees down, they were planting them. | 这些新发现表明，在他们社会的晚期，拉帕努伊人不仅仅是砍伐棕榈树，他们还在种植棕榈树。 | |
| 974 | 01:31 | The picture I get of life here in 1722 when first European contact is made, is of a people who, above all else, were able to live with the challenges of a limited and isolated environment. | 1722年第一次与欧洲人接触时，我在这里看到的生活画面是这样的：一个民族，最重要的是，能够在有限和孤立的环境中接受挑战。 | |
| 978 | 01:44 | A people who understood their own island, its advantages and disadvantages. | 一个了解自己岛屿的民族，它的优点和缺点。 | |
| 980 | 01:50 | Above all, I think there's every reason to believe that they were thriving. | 最重要的是，我认为有充分的理由相信他们正在蓬勃发展。 | |
| 982 | 01:54 | They could feed a large population and support a rich, diverse and creative culture into the bargain. | 他们可以养活大量的人口，并支持一个丰富的、多样化的和创造性的文化。 | |
| 984 | 02:01 | Statue building may even have been in full swing. | 雕像的建造甚至可能已经如火如荼。 | |
| 985 | 02:05 | The idea that ecocide had brought this society to its knees just doesn't fit with the available evidence. | 认为生态毁灭使这个社会屈服的想法与现有的证据不符。 | |
| 987 | 02:12 | But, as we know, this culture was destroyed, and its story lost to us, so what is the alternative explanation? | 但是，正如我们所知，这种文化被摧毁了，它的故事也被我们遗忘了，那么还有什么其他的解释呢？ | |
| 990 | 02:21 | The spotlight that Jacob Roggeveen shone upon their lives was all too fleeting. | 雅各布·罗格文对他们生活的关注太过短暂。 | |
| 992 | 02:27 | When he sailed off across the horizon, it would be another 50 years before the next visitors. | 当他驶过地平线时，距离下一个来访者还有50年。 | |
| 994 | 02:32 | And as European contact became more and more frequent, life was going to get tough for the Rapa Nui. | 随着欧洲人的接触越来越频繁，拉帕努伊人的生活将变得艰难。 | |
| 996 | 02:45 | In 1770, three Spanish ships visited for a few days, followed in 1774 by Captain Cook, both looking for the same mythical southern continent that Roggeveen sought. | 1770年，三艘西班牙船只访问了几天，1774年库克船长也来了，他们都在寻找罗格文所寻找的神秘的南方大陆。 | |
| 1000 | 03:02 | But in the 50 years since the Dutch visited, it seems something dramatic had happened to the Rapa Nui. | 但在荷兰人来访后的50年里，拉帕努伊似乎发生了一些戏剧性的事情。 | |
| 1002 | 03:08 | "Nature has been exceedingly sparing | “大自然一直非常吝啬 | |
| 1003 | 03:11 | "of her favours to this spot," said Cook, and one of his officers described the people as | “她喜欢这个地方，”库克说，他的一个军官把这里的人形容为 | |
| 1005 | 03:16 | "destitute of tools, of shelter, of clothing"" | 没有工具，没有住所，没有衣服 | |
| 1006 | 03:20 | And he couldn't work out how | 他不知道怎么做 | |
| 1007 | 03:22 | "the natives had been degraded to their present indigence". | “当地人已经堕落到他们现在的贫穷状态”。 | |
| 1008 | 03:28 | He also notes that several of the statues had been thrown down. | 他还指出，有几座雕像被扔了下来。 | |
| 1009 | 03:34 | When the Europeans arrived here, the only contact that the Rapa Nui had with the outside world beyond the horizon was the occasional arrival of sea birds and maybe driftwood. | 当欧洲人来到这里时，拉帕努伊人与地平线以外的外部世界唯一的接触就是偶尔出现海鸟，也许还有浮木。 | |
| 1013 | 03:48 | At least for several centuries, the island was devoid of big trees, so it was impossible to make a sea-worthy canoe. | 至少几个世纪以来，岛上没有大树，所以不可能造一艘适合航海的独木舟。 | |
| 1015 | 03:55 | So when the Dutch arrived, it would be like aliens coming to planet Earth. | 所以当荷兰人到达时，就像外星人来到地球一样。 | |
| 1017 | 04:02 | It was the same kind of impact for this tiny environment. | 对这个小环境也是同样的影响。 | |
| 1018 | 04:06 | For them, for centuries, the universe was a small island. | 对他们来说，几个世纪以来，宇宙都是一个小岛。 | |
| 1019 | 04:10 | That was it. | 就是这样。 | |
| 1020 | 04:11 | When the Dutch came, everything changed. | 荷兰人来了，一切都变了。 | |
| 1021 | 04:13 | And, mostly likely, these Dutch people brought some disease - flu, whatever, a cold, a virus against which the immune system of the local population had no defences. | 最有可能的是，这些荷兰人带来了某种疾病——流感，不管怎样，感冒，一种当地居民免疫系统无法抵御的病毒。 | |
| 1025 | 04:30 | So probably this disease decimated a big part of the population at that time. | 所以很可能这种疾病在当时夺去了大部分人口的生命。 | |
| 1027 | 04:39 | I believe that the visit of Jacob Roggeveen was the trigger for a paradigm shift in the Rapa Nui universe. | 我相信雅各布·罗格文的来访是拉帕努伊宇宙范式转变的导火索。 | |
| 1029 | 04:48 | We'll never know for sure, but it seems to me that he unwittingly left behind diseases that destroyed the basis of their society, and undermined the faith in their stone gods - the ancestors who they believed would protect them. | 我们永远无法确定，但在我看来，他似乎无意中留下了疾病，摧毁了他们社会的基础，破坏了他们对石头神的信仰——他们相信会保护他们的祖先。 | |
| 1033 | 05:04 | When Captain Cook arrived 50 years later, the seeds of this demise were already evident - there were signs of disease and malnourishment, and they were beginning the painful process of dismantling the ahu. | 当库克船长50年后抵达时，这场死亡的种子已经很明显了——有疾病和营养不良的迹象，他们开始了拆除空气处理机组的痛苦过程。 | |
| 1036 | 05:19 | Many of the statues, their most extraordinary achievement, were already lying in the dust, their faces hidden from the misery their descendants were suffering. | 许多雕像，他们最非凡的成就，已经躺在尘土中，他们的脸隐藏着他们的后代所遭受的苦难。 | |
| 1039 | 05:31 | We think that some of the population declines may have been as much as | 我们认为，一些人口的下降可能已经达到 | |
| 1040 | 05:35 | 90% on Polynesian islands within a few decades after European contact. | 在欧洲接触后的几十年内，90%的人居住在波利尼西亚群岛。 | |
| 1041 | 05:40 | That had implications in terms of the collapse of social organisation - in many cases you just can't sustain all of the elaborate hierarchy and specialised roles of priests and craftsmen and all this when your society's declining by 90%. | 这就意味着社会组织的崩溃——在许多情况下，当你的社会衰退了90%的时候，你就无法维持牧师和工匠们精心设计的等级制度和专业角色。 | |
| 1045 | 06:06 | In the first half of the 19th century, a steady flow of ships visited the island, whalers and merchantmen crossing the Pacific, and others that would have a more devastating impact. | 在19世纪上半叶，源源不断的船只造访该岛，捕鲸者和商人横渡太平洋，还有其他一些会产生更大破坏性影响的船只。 | |
| 1048 | 06:19 | In 1805, for the first time, an American ship came here because they needed workers, and they kidnapped a handful of Rapa Nui. | 1805年，一艘美国船只第一次来到这里，因为他们需要工人，他们绑架了一把拉帕努伊人。 | |
| 1051 | 06:29 | And from then on, every foreign ship that approached the Easter Island shore was rejected by the natives, people started throwing stones against them, made all kinds of menacing gestures. | 从那时起，每一艘接近复活节岛海岸的外国船只都遭到当地人的拒绝，人们开始向他们投掷石块，做出各种威胁的手势。 | |
| 1054 | 06:44 | Sticks and stones were not sufficient to protect the islanders from the visits of these ships, the islanders from the visits of these ships, and as the century wore on, things got considerably worse. | 木棍和石头不足以保护岛民不受这些船只的袭击，也不足以保护岛民不受这些船只的袭击，随着世纪的推移，情况变得更糟了。 | |
| 1058 | 06:54 | During this period, the Polynesian islands were all subject to raids known as "blackbirding", essentially the conscription of indentured labour to work in the South American mines and plantations. | 在这一时期，波利尼西亚群岛都遭到了被称为“黑鸟”的袭击，主要是征召契约劳工到南美的矿山和种植园工作。 | |
| 1061 | 07:06 | But, not surprisingly, they could rarely fill their ships with volunteers so they resorted to kidnap, taking the islanders by force. | 但是，不足为奇的是，他们很少能在自己的船上装满志愿者，所以他们采取绑架的方式，强行带走岛上的居民。 | |
| 1064 | 07:15 | The worst period for sure was the period between 1862 and 1863. | 最糟糕的时期肯定是1862年到1863年之间。 | |
| 1065 | 07:20 | Big expeditions with all kinds of weapons came to the island and they were able to kidnap, in ten months, more than 1,400 Rapa Nui - the cultural or intellectual elite, people who knew how to write and read the ancient script. | 带着各种武器的大型探险队来到了这个岛，他们在十个月内绑架了1400多名拉帕努伊人——文化或知识精英，知道如何书写和阅读古代文字的人。 | |
| 1069 | 07:38 | So it was catastrophic, it was a terrible thing, and the ones who arrived to Peru, most of them died very quickly because of the diseases that existed there, especially measles and tuberculosis. | 所以这是灾难性的，这是一件可怕的事情，那些到达秘鲁的人，他们中的大多数都很快死于那里存在的疾病，特别是麻疹和肺结核。 | |
| 1073 | 07:56 | After international protests, including a campaign by the Bishop of Tahiti, the Rapa Nui were rounded up to be repatriated, but of those that had been taken, barely a dozen returned, infected with smallpox. | 在国际抗议之后，包括大溪地主教发起的一场运动，拉帕努伊被围捕归国，但在被带走的人中，只有12人感染了天花，被遣返。 | |
| 1078 | 08:12 | Most people would say that the Easter Island culture died there at that time. | 大多数人都会说复活节岛文化在那时就死在那里了。 | |
| 1080 | 08:19 | Not only because of the death of so many people, also because of the completely demoralised state of the survivors, and because the French Catholic missionaries, who arrived shortly after the slave trade, started converting the population to the Catholic religion. | 不仅因为这么多人的死亡，也因为幸存者的士气完全低落，而且因为奴隶贸易后不久抵达的法国天主教传教士开始让民众皈依天主教。 | |
| 1086 | 08:38 | So these two things working in parallel killed most of the cultural aspects of Easter Island. | 因此，这两件事并行工作扼杀了复活节岛的大部分文化方面。 | |
| 1088 | 08:48 | But this was not the end of the Rapa Nui's woes. | 但这并不是拉帕努伊悲剧的结局。 | |
| 1089 | 08:53 | You might think, having suffered almost complete annihilation, things couldn't get much worse for these people, but their homeland was about to suffer one final act of change. | 你可能会想，在经历了几乎完全的毁灭之后，这些人的情况不会变得更糟，但他们的祖国即将经历最后一次变革。 | |
| 1092 | 09:10 | In the late 1860s, a French adventurer called | 19世纪60年代末，一位法国冒险家 | |
| 1093 | 09:13 | Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier began buying land on Rapa Nui from the islanders for insultingly small sums, and often at gunpoint. | 让-巴蒂斯特·杜特鲁·博尼尔开始从岛上居民那里以极低的价格购买拉帕努伊岛上的土地，而且常常是持枪的。 | |
| 1096 | 09:24 | He used his newly-acquired property to graze 435 head of merino sheep, imported from Australia. | 他用新获得的财产放牧了435头从澳大利亚进口的美利奴羊。 | |
| 1098 | 09:33 | They would eventually number 70,000. | 他们最终将达到7万人。 | |
| 1099 | 09:38 | After a short period of despotic rule, Dutrou-Bornier was murdered by the islanders, but his sheep were bought by the Scottish firm of Williamson-Balfour and they remained the sole permitted agricultural land use. | 在短暂的专制统治之后，杜特鲁·博尼尔被岛上居民杀害，但他的羊被苏格兰威廉森·巴尔福公司收购，它们仍然是唯一允许的农业用地。 | |
| 1103 | 09:52 | The remaining Rapa Nui were rounded up and confined in Hanga Roa while the livestock roamed free, completely destroying the environment, leaving behind the barren steppe we see today. | 剩下的拉帕努伊被围困在汉加罗亚，而牲畜自由游荡，彻底破坏了环境，留下了我们今天看到的贫瘠草原。 | |
| 1106 | 10:05 | The island was all but deserted, a place of ghosts. | 岛上几乎空无一人，一个鬼魂出没的地方。 | |
| 1107 | 10:08 | In 1877, a French survey ship recorded only 111 persons living here. | 1877年，一艘法国测量船只记录到111人住在这里。 | |
| 1109 | 10:16 | Only 36 of these people had offspring, and all of the Rapa Nui people today are descended from them. | 这些人中只有36人有后代，而今天所有的拉帕努伊人都是他们的后裔。 | |
| 1111 | 10:25 | Just 150 years after the first European sailed over their horizon, the Rapa Nui had very nearly been wiped from history. | 就在第一个欧洲人驶过地平线150年后，拉帕努伊号几乎从历史上消失了。 | |
| 1113 | 10:38 | Whatever the future holds, I feel strongly that by looking back at their past, we can clear the Rapa Nui of the accusation of ecocide. There is no evidence that they wilfully destroyed their environment, quite the reverse. | 无论未来如何，我强烈地感到，通过回顾他们的过去，我们可以澄清拉帕努伊对生态杀戮的指控。没有证据表明他们故意破坏环境，恰恰相反。 | |
| 1117 | 10:52 | The landscape that they cherished and which worked so well for them was destroyed by the imposition of an inappropriate monoculture in the most heartless way by the supposedly civilised Europeans. in the most heartless way by the supposedly civilised Europeans. | 他们所珍视的、对他们如此有利的景观，被所谓文明的欧洲人以最无情的方式强加的不适当的单一文化所破坏。以最无情的方式被认为是文明的欧洲人。 | |
| 1121 | 11:08 | In 1888, in a treaty they neither understood, nor had any choice in assenting to, the island was finally annexed by Chile. | 1888年，在一项他们既不理解也没有任何选择同意的条约中，该岛最终被智利吞并。 | |
| 1124 | 11:18 | It seemed as if one of the most remarkable civilisations in the world had come to an end, but it wasn't ecocide - it was genocide. | 似乎世界上最了不起的文明之一已经结束了，但这不是生态灭绝，而是种族灭绝。 | |
| 1127 | 11:26 | The sheep had the place to themselves. | 羊有自己的地方。 | |
| 1128 | 11:27 | The sheep had the place to themselves. | 羊有自己的地方。 | |
| 1129 | 11:30 | But even at this darkest hour, there were still memories to be salvaged from the handful of people who could recall a period when the island's culture still had a pulse. | 但即使在这个最黑暗的时刻，仍有一些记忆需要从少数人身上打捞出来，他们可以回忆起一段时期，当时岛上的文化仍有脉搏。 | |
| 1132 | 11:41 | Salvation was at hand, in the most unlikely of guises. | 拯救就在眼前，用最不可能的伪装。 | |
| 1133 | 11:58 | On a warm August afternoon in 1910, a middle-aged couple, | 1910年八月一个温暖的下午，一对中年夫妇， | |
| 1134 | 12:02 | Katherine and William Routledge, visited the British Museum in London to admire the statue known as Hoa Hakananai'a. | 凯瑟琳和威廉·劳特利奇参观了位于伦敦的大英博物馆，欣赏这尊名为Hoa Hakananai'a的雕像。 | |
| 1136 | 12:10 | This figure was given to the crew of HMS Topaze by the Rapa Nui in 1868, and subsequently donated by Queen Victoria to the museum. | 这一数字是1868年由拉帕努伊号（Rapa Nui）赠送给托帕泽号（HMS Topaze）船员的，随后维多利亚女王将其捐赠给了博物馆。 | |
| 1138 | 12:20 | As a result, it is the single most viewed moai in the world, visited by more people than any of its companions on Rapa Nui. | 因此，它是世界上观看次数最多的一个摩艾，在拉帕努伊岛上的游客比它的同伴都多。 | |
| 1140 | 12:28 | Katherine was a wealthy woman with a fascination for archaeology, formidably well-educated for the time, and William was keen to persuade her that Easter Island would provide them with an opportunity to make their names in intellectual circles. | 凯瑟琳是一位富有的女性，对考古学有着浓厚的兴趣，当时受过良好的教育，威廉很想说服她，复活节岛将为他们提供一个在知识界成名的机会。 | |
| 1144 | 12:43 | This visit was to have immense consequences for the little island on the other side of the world. Katherine Routledge would write a book that would make Easter Island internationally famous, helping to establish it as one of the world's great mysteries. | 这次访问将对世界另一边的小岛产生巨大的影响。凯瑟琳劳特利奇将写一本书，使复活节岛国际知名，帮助建立它作为一个世界的伟大的奥秘。 | |
| 1148 | 13:00 | Katherine and William commissioned an ocean-going schooner and set sail for the South Pacific, arriving on the island 13 months later on 29th March 1914. | 凯瑟琳和威廉委托一艘远洋纵帆船启航前往南太平洋，13个月后于1914年3月29日抵达该岛。 | |
| 1151 | 13:13 | For nearly 200 years, every European who had visited Easter Island had gazed in awe at the moai and wondered about their history. | 近200年来，每一个去过复活节岛的欧洲人都敬畏地注视着摩埃河，并对其历史感到好奇。 | |
| 1153 | 13:22 | Katherine Routledge was the first person to come equipped with the tools to make a modern archaeological survey, and start to seek some answers. | 凯瑟琳·劳特利奇是第一个带着工具来进行现代考古调查并开始寻找答案的人。 | |
| 1156 | 13:31 | She was the right woman, in the right place, at the right time, and she was interested in the archaeology but she was equally interested in the people and their language and in their history. | 她是正确的女人，在正确的地点，在正确的时间，她对考古学感兴趣，但她同样对人类和他们的语言，以及他们的历史感兴趣。 | |
| 1159 | 13:40 | I think her contribution is the intuitive way she approached collecting ethno-historical data on Easter Island. | 我认为她的贡献是她收集复活节岛民族历史数据的直观方式。 | |
| 1161 | 13:50 | PAKARATI: I think her presence on Easter Islands was so positive for many reasons. | 帕卡拉蒂：我认为她出现在复活节群岛是如此积极的原因有很多。 | |
| 1163 | 13:55 | Katherine Routledge preserved all this knowledge for the next generations. | 凯瑟琳·劳特利奇为下一代保存了所有这些知识。 | |
| 1165 | 14:00 | All these elders that she managed to interview, who were born long before the Peruvian slave trade, long before the arrival of the Catholic missionaries, they could give her information about the lifestyle in those days, pre-Christian times. | 所有这些长辈，她设法采访，谁出生在秘鲁奴隶贸易之前，早在天主教传教士到来，他们可以给她有关的生活方式在那些日子，前基督教时代的信息。 | |
| 1171 | 14:19 | Her translator, Juan Tepano, my great-great-grandfather, realised that the elders had something interesting to tell. | 她的翻译，胡安·特帕诺，我的曾曾祖父，意识到长辈们有一些有趣的事情要说。 | |
| 1173 | 14:27 | Lots of people realised only after Katherine Routledge's visit that people abroad, people in other parts of the world found Easter Island culture and the achievements of the Rapa Nui as something interesting. | 许多人在凯瑟琳·劳特利奇的访问之后才意识到，国外的人们，世界其他地方的人们发现复活节岛的文化和拉帕努伊的成就是一件有趣的事情。 | |
| 1176 | 14:44 | The most extensive dig Routledge was able to conduct was inside the crater at the quarry in the Rano Raraku volcano. | 劳特利奇能够进行的最广泛的挖掘是在拉诺-拉拉库火山采石场的火山口内。 | |
| 1178 | 14:52 | She called these two statues Mama and Papa. | 她把这两尊雕像叫做妈妈和爸爸。 | |
| 1179 | 14:56 | Despite being a self-financing amateur, | 尽管是个自筹资金的业余爱好者， | |
| 1180 | 14:59 | Katherine Routledge ultimately put Easter Island on the map, publishing a book about her time here under the inevitable title | 凯瑟琳·劳特利奇最终把复活节岛放在地图上，出版了一本关于她在这里生活的书，书名是《不可避免》 | |
| 1182 | 15:06 | The Mystery Of Easter Island. | 复活节岛之谜。 | |
| 1183 | 15:09 | Though her archaeology was helpful in the early understanding of the island, it was the information she recorded by talking to the Rapa Nui people that constitutes her most valuable legacy. | 虽然她的考古学有助于早期了解该岛，但她通过与拉帕努伊人交谈记录的信息构成了她最宝贵的遗产。 | |
| 1186 | 15:22 | She was obviously an empathetic listener, and became quite involved in the day-to-day concerns of the villagers imprisoned in Hanga Roa, unable to visit their own ancestral lands which they could see beyond the pale. | 显然，她是一个有同情心的倾听者，她非常关心被囚禁在汉加罗亚的村民的日常事务，因为他们无法探访自己的祖传土地，而这些土地是他们能够看到的。 | |
| 1190 | 15:36 | In the summer of 1914, during the first months of her stay on the island, there was a native uprising led by a charismatic woman known as Angata. | 1914年夏天，在她在岛上逗留的头几个月里，一位名叫安加塔的富有魅力的妇女领导了一场当地的起义。 | |
| 1193 | 15:48 | Angata's rebellion in 1914 had a very strong religious aura. | 安加塔在1914年的叛乱有一个非常强烈的宗教气氛。 | |
| 1194 | 15:55 | Everything was done in the name of God - of the Christian god. But this Christian god had lots of Rapa Nui traits. I mean, he wanted sacrifices of sheep. | 一切都是以上帝的名义——基督教上帝的名义。但这位基督教神有很多拉帕努伊的特质。我是说，他想要羊的祭品。 | |
| 1197 | 16:06 | When she gave the order, "Bring 100 sheep from the company | 她吩咐说：“从公司里带一百只羊来 | |
| 1198 | 16:10 | "and kill them in the name of God," and they made all kinds of big feasts just like in the time of the Birdman competition. | “以上帝的名义杀了他们，”他们举行了各种盛大的宴会，就像在鸟人比赛的时候一样。 | |
| 1200 | 16:17 | So lots of people thought she was like a priestess or she was a prophet. | 所以很多人认为她像个女祭司或者是个先知。 | |
| 1202 | 16:22 | The uprising was diffused partly by the calm, level-headed negotiations between Katherine and Angata, but ultimately by the arrival of a Chilean warship. | 凯瑟琳和安加塔之间平静、冷静的谈判部分地驱散了起义，但最终还是智利军舰的到来。 | |
| 1205 | 16:34 | The sense of injustice remains, though. | 不过，不公正感依然存在。 | |
| 1206 | 16:37 | The theft of their land, and their barbaric treatment by successive groups of outsiders, have left a legacy that simmers to this day. | 偷盗他们的土地，以及他们被一批批又一批的外来者野蛮对待，留下了至今仍在酝酿的遗产。 | |
| 1208 | 16:47 | In 2009, the airport was closed for two days by a pro-independence sit-in, and other protests have resulted in violent clashes with the island's largely Chilean police force. | 2009年，该机场因支持独立的静坐示威而关闭了两天，其他抗议活动也导致了与该岛主要是智利警察部队的暴力冲突。 | |
| 1211 | 17:01 | Working out how a post-independence island would function is a challenge. | 弄清楚独立后的岛屿将如何运作是一项挑战。 | |
| 1213 | 17:06 | Devising some fair way to redistribute the land amongst the Rapa Nui families has been a hot topic in this parliament chamber. | 设计一些公平的方式在拉帕努伊家族中重新分配土地一直是议会议院的热门话题。 | |
| 1215 | 17:14 | IN TRANSLATION FROM HIS OWN LANGUAGE: | 用他自己的语言翻译： | |
| 1216 | 17:46 | This map, that delineates these territories supposedly drawn up by Hoto Matu'a a thousand years ago, is in reality based on one drawn by Katherine Routledge only a century ago. | 这张地图描绘了这些领土，据说是由Hoto Matu'a在一千年前绘制的，实际上是基于一个世纪前由Katherine Routledge绘制的地图。 | |
| 1219 | 19:12 | In many ways, Rapa Nui has recovered. | 在许多方面，拉帕努伊已经康复。 | |
| 1220 | 19:15 | Its population is approaching 5,000, just over half of whom can trace their ancestry back to the original families. | 它的人口接近5000人，其中一半以上的人可以追溯到原始家庭。 | |
| 1222 | 19:25 | The statues have given it a source of income, but tourism is both a blessing and a curse. | 雕像给了它一个收入来源，但旅游业既是福也是祸。 | |
| 1224 | 19:34 | A programme to re-erect some of the statues and restore their ahu was begun in 1960. | 1960年开始了一项重建部分雕像和恢复ahu的计划。 | |
| 1226 | 19:42 | A member of the Heyerdahl expedition, William Mulloy, stayed behind on the island and became the driving force behind this process. | 海尔达尔探险队的一名成员威廉·穆洛伊留在岛上，成为这一进程的推动力。 | |
| 1228 | 19:52 | Using Rapa Nui ingenuity and muscle and employing only modest lengths of timber and rope, they showed once more how effective these simple techniques were, allowing a small group of men to erect the figures with relative ease. | 他们利用拉帕努伊的聪明才智和肌肉，只使用了适度长度的木材和绳索，再次展示了这些简单的技术是多么有效，让一小群人相对轻松地竖立这些雕像。 | |
| 1232 | 20:10 | This undoubtedly makes them more impressive to visitors, but what the 18th-century Rapa Nui would have thought of this process, having spent so long lowering them to the ground, we'll never know. | 这无疑让游客对它们印象更深刻，但18世纪的拉帕努伊会怎么想这个过程，花了这么长时间把它们放在地上，我们永远不会知道。 | |
| 1235 | 20:23 | The construction of the airport in the 1960s completed the infrastructure under which the island operates today, accessible to tourists, but dependent on the global economy. | 上世纪60年代机场的建设完成了岛上今天运作的基础设施，游客可以进入，但依赖于全球经济。 | |
| 1238 | 20:37 | The extraordinary isolation of this island, which was such a significant factor in its history, is no more, and the environment is changing with increasing speed. | 这座岛屿在其历史上曾是如此重要的一个因素，但现在已经不复存在了，环境正在以越来越快的速度变化。 | |
| 1241 | 20:49 | Even those running the island during its time as a sheep ranch recognised that deforestation was a problem, but their well-intentioned attempts to introduce non-native trees have often made matters worse. | 即使是那些在岛上经营牧场的人也意识到森林砍伐是一个问题，但是他们善意的引进非本土树木的尝试往往使事情变得更糟。 | |
| 1244 | 21:02 | These eucalyptus groves were planted in the 1870s, but though they provide some shelter from wind erosion, they draw large amounts of moisture from the soil, and their bark and leaves create a highly acidic layer of litter in which no other plants can grow. | 这些桉树林是在19世纪70年代种植的，虽然它们提供了一些风蚀的庇护所，但它们从土壤中吸取了大量的水分，它们的树皮和树叶形成了一层酸性很强的枯枝落叶层，其他植物无法在其中生长。 | |
| 1250 | 21:20 | The most shocking evidence of erosion damage is on the northern slopes of the Poike Peninsula, where the run-off from the frequent storms washes the red volcanic soil into the ocean. | 最令人震惊的侵蚀破坏证据是在波克半岛的北坡，那里频繁的风暴将红色的火山土冲入海洋。 | |
| 1253 | 21:33 | This soil is not a renewable resource, and once it has gone, it cannot easily be replaced. | 这种土壤不是可再生资源，一旦消失，就不容易被替代。 | |
| 1255 | 21:42 | IN TRANSLATION FROM HER OWN LANGUAGE: | 用她自己的语言翻译： | |
| 1256 | 22:56 | So what are the lessons we can learn from this extraordinary tale? | 那么，我们可以从这个非凡的故事中学到什么呢？ | |
| 1257 | 23:01 | Is it really helpful to saddle this island with our own fears for the future of the planet? | 用我们自己对地球未来的恐惧来支撑这个岛屿真的有帮助吗？ | |
| 1259 | 23:07 | Well, maybe - but only if you stop the clock on Good Friday, 1722. | 好吧，也许-但前提是你在耶稣受难日，1722停止计时。 | |
| 1260 | 23:13 | Had they been left to develop by themselves - with no contact to the outside world, no foreign diseases, no slave raids, no missionaries and no sheep - passing their wisdom down the generations through an oral tradition and growing fat on the produce of their innovative farming techniques, then they might make a good stand-in for the Earth, because so far, no-one else has contacted this planet, and we too are isolated in the cosmos. | 如果让他们自己发展——不与外界接触，不染外国疾病，不搞奴隶突袭，不搞传教士，也不搞绵羊——通过口述传统把智慧传给后代，在创新的农耕技术产品上长胖，那么他们可能会成为一个很好的替身地球 | |
| 1270 | 23:42 | As we know, that's not what happened. | 我们知道，事情不是这样的。 | |
| 1271 | 23:46 | But there seems one respect in which the island has a lesson for us, even if the Rapa Nui themselves coped with it in the most ingenious of ways. | 但似乎有一个方面，该岛对我们有一个教训，即使拉帕努伊自己以最巧妙的方式处理它。 | |
| 1274 | 23:56 | The island has now lost its trees. | 这个岛现在已经失去了树木。 | |
| 1275 | 23:59 | Its ecology has changed. | 它的生态发生了变化。 | |
| 1276 | 24:01 | It has now moved beyond the tipping point where it can no longer recover. | 它现在已经超越了无法恢复的临界点。 | |
| 1278 | 24:07 | The basic lesson is very clear in that they thought this island was the whole world. | 基本的教训很清楚，他们认为这个岛就是整个世界。 | |
| 1280 | 24:12 | From the highest point of the island, Terevaka, you can see the whole thing, they could see what was happening. | 从岛的最高点特雷瓦卡，你可以看到整个事情，他们可以看到发生了什么。 | |
| 1283 | 24:17 | And so we on our planet, which is the only world we know of with our species on it, we can see very clearly what we're doing to the planet. | 所以我们在我们的星球上，这是我们所知道的唯一一个有我们物种的世界，我们可以非常清楚地看到我们正在对这个星球做什么。 | |
| 1286 | 24:26 | Our population is rocketing up and we are using natural resources at an ever-increasing rate, and there is going to come a crunch at some time. | 我们的人口正在飞速增长，我们正在以不断增长的速度使用自然资源，总有一天会出现危机。 | |
| 1288 | 24:34 | And we just hope and pray that science will be able to make us sustainable and keep us going beyond that crisis, but we shall see. | 我们只是希望并祈祷科学能够使我们可持续发展，让我们走出危机，但我们会看到的。 | |
| 1290 | 24:44 | One of the single most important ways in which Rapa Nui people adapted to the changing circumstances of their island was they pushed the envelope of creativity, they pushed the envelope of belief, they caused people to question the very ideas that they had held sacred, and then they created new symbols for enacting those new beliefs. So this is a remarkable intellectual and artistic way of addressing a very real economic and social problem. | 拉帕努伊人适应岛上不断变化的环境的一个最重要的方式是，他们推动了创造力的封套，他们推动了信仰的封套，他们使人们质疑他们认为神圣的思想，然后他们创造了新的符号来实现这些新的信仰。因此 | |
| 1299 | 25:19 | I think the most important message that people could get from Easter Island would be the resilience. | 我认为人们能从复活节岛得到的最重要的信息将是韧性。 | |
| 1301 | 25:27 | And I think it is because people here learned how to survive and they have survived with the chin up, always with...seeing the bright side of things, and I think that's the best message we can give to the outside world. | 我认为这是因为这里的人们学会了如何生存，他们一直挺胸生存，总是看到事物光明的一面，我认为这是我们能给外界的最好信息。 | |
| 1305 | 25:45 | IN TRANSLATION FROM HER OWN LANGUAGE: | 用她自己的语言翻译： | |
| 1306 | 26:14 | If the young people of Rapa Nui can marry this kind of optimism and the intelligent management of their ecology with political solutions to their disputes with the Chilean government, there is every reason to believe they will have a home to be proud of once more. | 如果拉帕努伊的年轻人能够将这种乐观主义和对生态的明智管理与政治解决他们与智利政府之间的争端结合起来，完全有理由相信他们将再次拥有一个值得骄傲的家园。 | |
| 1310 | 26:31 | Their ancestors, whose faces lay buried in the earth for so long, not seeing the loss of their incredible inheritance and hidden from the pain and sorrow visited upon their descendants, might finally have a reason to stand tall once more, in silent respect for their achievements. | 他们的祖先，他们的脸埋在土里这么久，没有看到他们难以置信的遗产的损失，也没有看到他们后代遭受的痛苦和悲伤，也许最终有理由再次挺身而出，默默地尊重他们的成就。 | |
| 1315 | 26:55 | If this island is to rediscover a sustainable future, it's not going to happen any time soon. | 如果这个岛要重新发现一个可持续的未来，它不会很快发生。 | |
| 1317 | 27:01 | The ecological timescales for recovery will stretch into the future, beyond the lifetimes of its young people today. | 生态恢复的时间尺度将延伸到未来，超越今天年轻人的一生。 | |
| 1319 | 27:09 | But Rapa Nui is a magical place, complex and intriguing, challenging and enigmatic, and if it is to stand as a metaphor for our planet, then we have a great deal to learn from its extraordinary history and remarkable people. | 但拉帕努伊是一个神奇的地方，复杂而有趣，富有挑战性和神秘性，如果它是我们星球的隐喻，那么我们可以从它非凡的历史和杰出的人民身上学到很多东西。 | |