| 第 1 集 Dragon.Mountain.Surviving.the.Summit 11111111111111111 | |
| 1 | 00:03 | NARRATOR: The Drakensberg has the highest peaks in Africa south of Kilimanjaro. | 旁白：德拉肯斯堡有乞力马扎罗以南的非洲最高峰。 | |
| 3 | 00:12 | It is home to many creatures. | 它是许多生物的家园。 | |
| 4 | 00:18 | But to live here is no easy feat. | 但住在这里可不容易。 | |
| 5 | 00:22 | Its beauty is matched only by its danger. | 它的美丽只能与它的危险相提并论。 | |
| 6 | 00:29 | Within its unassailable peaks,mystical reptiles make their home-- the dragons of the mountain. | 在它无懈可击的山峰里，神秘的爬虫类以山上的龙为家。 | |
| 8 | 00:44 | Their realm is one of the most beautiful and least hospitable in the world. | 他们的王国是世界上最美丽、最不好客的国家之一。 | |
| 10 | 00:58 | This is Dragon Mountain,where only the cunning survive. | 这就是龙山，只有狡猾的人才生存。 | |
| 11 | 01:36 | NARRATOR: When the AmaZulu first saw these cliffs they called them uKhahlamba-- "a barrier of spears". | 旁白：当亚马逊人第一次看到这些悬崖时，他们称之为uKhahlamba——“长矛的屏障”。 | |
| 13 | 01:50 | Decades later,in early 1837,a group of weary Dutch travelers rolled their ox wagons through this landscape. | 几十年后的1837年初，一群疲惫不堪的荷兰旅行者将他们的牛车驶过这片土地。 | |
| 15 | 01:59 | Between the spires and the mist,they imagined they glimpsed a large,fire-breathing serpent. | 在尖塔和薄雾之间，他们想象着瞥见了一条巨大的、会喷火的蛇。 | |
| 17 | 02:06 | They named its lair Dragon Mountain. | 他们把它的巢穴命名为龙山。 | |
| 18 | 02:14 | These two groups of travelers were vastly different. | 这两组旅客截然不同。 | |
| 19 | 02:17 | But they seem to have found common ground when they saw the mountain. | 但他们看到这座山时似乎找到了共同点。 | |
| 21 | 02:26 | Frightened by the severity of the landscape captivated by its mystery,their names tell of the unknown dangers hidden within the jagged ledges. | 他们的名字被这片被神秘迷住的险峻风景所吓坏，诉说着隐藏在参差不齐的壁架中的未知危险。 | |
| 24 | 02:46 | But this harsh and rocky terrain,however unyielding still supports life. | 但这片崎岖的岩石地带，无论多么不屈，依然支撑着生命。 | |
| 26 | 03:04 | And those that call this place their home are as resilient as the land on which they live. | 那些把这里称为家的人就像他们生活的土地一样有弹性。 | |
| 28 | 03:11 | They are adapted to survive in an environment inhospitable to most in conditions that have made the Drakensberg South Africa's last truly pristine wilderness. | 它们适应了在大多数人不适宜居住的环境中生存，这种环境使德拉肯斯堡成为南非最后一片真正原始的荒野。 | |
| 32 | 03:33 | The life that exists here does so largely unencumbered by man. | 这里存在的生命基本上不受人类的束缚。 | |
| 33 | 03:40 | The moist montane grassland marks the lowest life zone of the Drakensberg's altitude levels. | 潮湿的山地草原标志着德拉肯斯堡海拔最低的生活区。 | |
| 35 | 03:47 | Ranging up to 6,500 feet,these open meadows comprise many types of grass. | 这些开阔的草地高达6500英尺，由多种草组成。 | |
| 37 | 03:53 | And they are home to a number of creatures. | 它们是许多生物的家园。 | |
| 38 | 03:59 | Species that live at the base of the mountain benefit from higher temperatures and more rainfall than those higher up. | 生活在山脚的物种比那些高海拔的物种受益于更高的温度和更多的降雨。 | |
| 41 | 04:07 | Standing at the gateway to the Drakensberg is the first dragon of Dragon Mountain-- Smaug giganteus. | 站在德拉肯斯堡门口的是龙山的第一条龙——巨龙。 | |
| 44 | 04:18 | His scientific name is a direct result of his resemblance to the fire-breathing monster. | 他的学名是他与喷火怪兽相似的直接结果。 | |
| 46 | 04:29 | But at a little under 8 inches long he does not share the same reputation. | 但他身高不到8英寸，却没有同样的名声。 | |
| 48 | 04:40 | These open grasslands at the very base of the Drakensberg are his domain. | 德拉肯斯堡基地的这些开阔草地是他的领地。 | |
| 50 | 04:54 | More commonly known as a sungazer he is the largest of the girdled lizard family and the only one in the Drakensberg region that can survive away from the rocky shelter of the mountain peaks. | 更为人所知的是太阳蜥蜴，它是环带蜥蜴家族中体型最大的蜥蜴，也是德拉肯斯堡地区唯一一种能够在远离群山群峰的岩石掩体的地方生存下来的蜥蜴。 | |
| 55 | 05:14 | This is because he is endowed with a skill that none of his other clan members have: the ability to burrow. | 这是因为他拥有一种其他部族成员都不具备的技能：挖洞的能力。 | |
| 57 | 05:24 | Smaug spends the majority of his day gazing out across his territory,scanning for intruders and predators. | 斯穆格一天的大部分时间都在注视着自己的领地，搜寻入侵者和掠食者。 | |
| 59 | 05:36 | Then,when it is time,he returns to his lair. | 然后，当时间到了，他回到他的巢穴。 | |
| 60 | 05:41 | Each lizard digs its own burrow often delving almost 7 feet into the earth and always facing due east to make the most of the sun's warmth. | 每只蜥蜴都在自己的洞穴里挖洞，经常钻入地下7英尺深，总是面向正东，以充分利用太阳的温暖。 | |
| 64 | 05:54 | Rows of thick,spiny scales act as protection from predators. | 成排的厚而多刺的鳞片起到保护捕食者的作用。 | |
| 65 | 06:00 | Sungazers are formidable defenders of their grassy realm on Dragon Mountain. | 太阳神是他们在龙山上草场的强大捍卫者。 | |
| 67 | 06:07 | They can defend their turf for as long as 20 years before the next generation takes over. | 在下一代接管之前，他们可以保卫自己的地盘长达20年之久。 | |
| 69 | 06:17 | Small creatures like Smaug share the lower meadows with the largest congregations of animals found in the Drakensberg. | 像Smaug这样的小动物与德拉肯斯堡发现的最大的动物群共享较低的草地。 | |
| 72 | 06:39 | The Drakensberg embraces almost every high-altitude biome: from grasslands,to lush forests and extensive shrub communities. | 德拉肯斯堡几乎囊括了所有的高海拔生物群落：从草原到茂密的森林和广阔的灌木群落。 | |
| 75 | 06:49 | It contains several dozen pockets of different flower species. | 里面有几十个不同种类的花。 | |
| 77 | 06:57 | Each of these communities is remarkable for their sheer variety. | 这些社区中的每一个都因其种类繁多而引人注目。 | |
| 79 | 07:14 | 2,153 species of plant have been identified so far. | 迄今已鉴定出2153种植物。 | |
| 80 | 07:21 | An astonishing 30% are found nowhere else on earth. | 惊人的30%在地球上其他任何地方都找不到。 | |
| 81 | 07:26 | And they have developed ways to deal with the specific trials of the areas in which they live. | 他们已经开发出了一些方法来处理他们生活地区的具体试验。 | |
| 83 | 07:36 | These are dependent on two main factors: how high they are and which way they face. | 这些都取决于两个主要因素：他们有多高，他们面临的方式。 | |
| 85 | 07:44 | Some plants have to deal with incessant winds some are snow resistant,while others stay dormant within the earth for most of the year only coming out when there is enough water and light to support them. | 有些植物必须应付不停的风，有些是抗雪的，而另一些植物则在一年中的大部分时间里保持休眠状态，只有在有足够的水和光来支持它们的时候才出来。 | |
| 90 | 08:07 | Small creatures like Smaug share the lower meadows with the largest congregations of animals found in the Drakensberg. | 像Smaug这样的小动物与德拉肯斯堡发现的最大的动物群共享较低的草地。 | |
| 93 | 08:29 | Blesbok thrive on the fresh young growth of the open grasslands. | 白鳍豚在开阔草原上的新鲜幼树上茁壮成长。 | |
| 95 | 08:40 | Families live in mobile groups,continuously searching the land for the best grazing. | 家庭生活在流动的群体中，不断地寻找最好的牧场。 | |
| 97 | 08:49 | Calves remain with the breeding herds until they are a year old. | 牛犊在繁殖牛群中一直待到一岁。 | |
| 98 | 08:55 | When they reach this milestone,they're cast out and left to face the mountain on their own. | 当他们到达这个里程碑时，他们被赶出去了，只能独自面对这座山。 | |
| 100 | 09:05 | Blesbok are adapted to life on the grassy plains so they don't wander onto the higher slopes. | 水豚适应了草原上的生活，所以它们不会在更高的山坡上游荡。 | |
| 102 | 09:16 | However,South Africa's largest antelope is a very capable climber. | 然而，南非最大的羚羊是一个非常能干的登山者。 | |
| 104 | 09:24 | In the summer Cape Eland migrate to the top of the escarpment for fine grazing during which time they can obtain enough moisture from their food to go for long periods without drinking. | 在夏季，大草原角迁徙到悬崖的顶端进行精细放牧，在此期间，它们可以从食物中获得足够的水分，长时间不喝水。 | |
| 108 | 09:37 | Red hartebeest,on the other hand can only live in areas with ready access to water and so,like blesbok are confined to the mountain's lower slopes. | 另一方面，红角羚只能生活在有水源的地区，因此，像布莱斯堡一样，它们只能生活在山上较低的山坡上。 | |
| 112 | 10:03 | The Drakensberg is the most vital water catchment area in South Africa. | 德拉肯斯堡是南非最重要的集水区。 | |
| 114 | 10:13 | Some of the country's primary rivers begin their journey here. | 这个国家的一些主要河流从这里开始它们的旅程。 | |
| 115 | 10:32 | They are fed by vast waterfalls. | 它们以巨大的瀑布为食。 | |
| 116 | 10:36 | Among these is the Thukela falls the second highest in the world. | 其中有世界第二高的图卡拉瀑布。 | |
| 118 | 10:44 | These powerful veins of moisture continuously drain through the mountain. | 这些强大的水脉源源不断地流过这座山。 | |
| 120 | 10:57 | And they are coursing with life. | 他们在生活中前行。 | |
| 121 | 11:03 | But to exist here is no easy feat. | 但在这里生存并非易事。 | |
| 122 | 11:07 | At higher altitudes,temperatures can drop so low rivers freeze over,making them inhospitable to most. | 在海拔较高的地方，气温会下降，河水结冰，对大多数人来说都不适宜居住。 | |
| 124 | 11:18 | The Inyanga river frog only lives in the semi-permanent streams of the Drakensberg. | 因扬加河蛙只生活在德拉肯斯堡半永久性河流中。 | |
| 126 | 11:26 | They start their journey as eggs and their metamorphosis may be completed in little more than 30 days. | 它们以卵子开始它们的旅程，它们的蜕变可能在30天多一点的时间内完成。 | |
| 129 | 11:36 | This is the last remaining habitat in the world that supports them. | 这是世界上仅存的支持它们的栖息地。 | |
| 131 | 11:44 | They thrive in the fast flowing streams that begin their journey at the very top of the mountain. | 他们在从山顶开始旅程的急流中茁壮成长。 | |
| 133 | 11:52 | Moving upstream,the 6,500 foot mark signals the beginning of the sub-alpine zone. | 向上游移动，6500英尺标志着亚高山带的开始。 | |
| 135 | 12:08 | This region is where South Africa's national jewel exists. | 这一地区是南非国家明珠的所在地。 | |
| 136 | 12:18 | The protea flower is the country's emblem. | 变形花是这个国家的象征。 | |
| 137 | 12:25 | This particular species of protea only grows at 7,380 feet on the basalt slopes of Dragon Mountain. | 这种特殊的变形菌只生长在7380英尺的龙山玄武岩斜坡上。 | |
| 140 | 12:35 | The Protea nubigena. | 变形杆菌。 | |
| 141 | 12:42 | Its name means "in the clouds". | 它的名字意思是“在云中”。 | |
| 142 | 12:47 | It is confined to very steep slopes below the sentinel rock formation. | 它被限制在哨兵岩层下面非常陡峭的斜坡上。 | |
| 144 | 12:54 | Here it's exposed to sunshine for only half the day and is out of range of fires that are more common lower down. | 在这里，它只暴露在阳光下半天，并且超出了较常见的火灾范围。 | |
| 146 | 13:03 | These very particular requirements mean that it has the smallest distribution of any Drakensberg endemic. | 这些非常特殊的要求意味着它在所有德拉肯斯堡地方病中的分布最小。 | |
| 148 | 13:14 | At these high altitudes,there are creatures specifically adapted to endure the pressures of the unrelenting habitat. | 在这些高海拔地区，有一些生物特别适应于承受不断变化的栖息地的压力。 | |
| 151 | 13:24 | The Maluti river frog lives in the crystal clear streams that flow through the sub-alpine zone. | 马鲁提河蛙生活在流经亚高山地带的清澈溪流中。 | |
| 153 | 13:30 | Their pristine waters leave all inhabitants vulnerable to predators. | 他们原始的水域使所有的居民容易受到捕食者的攻击。 | |
| 155 | 13:37 | The only way to survive is to become a shadow. | 生存的唯一方法就是成为影子。 | |
| 156 | 13:43 | Remaining unseen in the bottom of the waters the Maluti river frog has the ability to stay undetected. | 马鲁提河蛙在水底保持看不见的状态，有能力保持不被发现。 | |
| 158 | 14:06 | It only lives in streams in the afromontane grasslands at altitudes of around 5,700 feet. | 它只生活在海拔5700英尺左右的非洲山地草原的溪流中。 | |
| 160 | 14:24 | Where it uses the cold as an ally-- and up here the cold is a very powerful partner to have. | 在那里，它以寒冷为盟友——在这里，寒冷是一个非常强大的伙伴。 | |
| 162 | 14:50 | As it sits motionless in the water it seems like another feature of the riverbed. | 由于它在水中一动不动，这似乎是河床的另一个特征。 | |
| 164 | 15:15 | Surviving in temperatures others can't the Maluti river frog has little competition for resources. | 在其他人无法忍受的温度下生存的马鲁提河蛙几乎没有资源竞争。 | |
| 166 | 15:25 | Because little in the way of food inhabits these streams it often has to journey great distances constantly moving through the high-altitude waterways of the Drakensberg,in search of food. | 因为这些溪流中几乎没有食物，所以它常常要长途跋涉，不断穿越德拉肯斯堡的高海拔水道，寻找食物。 | |
| 170 | 15:49 | Only the hardiest and most dauntless can survive the Drakensberg. | 只有最坚强最无畏的人才能在德拉肯斯堡幸存下来。 | |
| 172 | 15:54 | And just as inhospitable as the mountain are the forces that produced it. | 和山一样荒凉的是产生它的力量。 | |
| 174 | 16:02 | Forged by magma and basalt over 20 million years it is a standing relic of the great geological shifts that shaped the world as we know it today. | 它是由岩浆和玄武岩经过2000万年的锻造而成的，是我们今天所知的塑造世界的巨大地质变化的永久遗迹。 | |
| 177 | 16:22 | A tectonic drift occurred around 1.8 billion years ago. | 大约18亿年前发生了一次构造漂移。 | |
| 178 | 16:26 | The super-continent Gondwanaland split into Antarctica South America,Australia,and Africa. | 超级大陆冈瓦纳大陆分裂成南极洲、南美洲、澳大利亚和非洲。 | |
| 180 | 16:41 | Magma rose up from below the earth's crust solidifying and fusing as it spread and cooled. | 岩浆从地壳下面升起，随着它的扩散和冷却而凝固和熔化。 | |
| 182 | 16:54 | This happened continuously for 20 million years. | 这种情况持续了两千万年。 | |
| 183 | 16:58 | The process of lava erupting and cooling over itself formed a two kilometer-deep crust of dark basalt over the earth's surface... | 熔岩喷发和冷却的过程在地球表面形成了两公里深的黑色玄武岩地壳。。。 | |
| 186 | 17:17 | That dropped off suddenly into the sea. | 突然掉到海里去了。 | |
| 187 | 17:24 | Wind and rain then beat the mountain back over a period of a billion years to leave it where it stands today. | 风和雨在十亿年的时间里把这座山击退，使它保持在今天的位置。 | |
| 189 | 17:40 | This process is ongoing: the Drakensberg escarpment is eroding at a rate of over 1 inch every hundred years. | 这个过程正在进行：德拉肯斯堡悬崖正在以每百年超过1英寸的速度被侵蚀。 | |
| 191 | 17:51 | Today,the Drakensberg lies in the west of KwaZulu Natal on the Lesotho border. | 今天，德拉肯斯堡位于夸祖鲁-纳塔尔西部莱索托边境。 | |
| 193 | 18:00 | The entire range of mountains stretches over 600 miles abruptly dividing the Highveld's grassy plains to the east and the Natal Woodlands to the west. | 整个山脉绵延600英里，东面是高地的草地，西面是纳塔尔林地。 | |
| 196 | 18:14 | Over 600,000 acres of this range are protected as the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park that,as of 2000 is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. | 超过60万英亩的这一范围被保护为Ukhahalamba Drakensberg公园，截至2000年，该公园是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。 | |
| 199 | 18:43 | It's home to over 2,000 species of plant and an abundance of birds mammals,reptiles and amphibians. | 这里有2000多种植物和丰富的鸟类、哺乳动物、爬行动物和两栖动物。 | |
| 202 | 19:08 | Each step up the mountain is a little more perilous than the last and each inhabitant a little more dauntless. | 上山的每一步都比上一步要危险一点，每个居民都要勇敢一点。 | |
| 205 | 19:34 | At higher altitudes,oxygen levels begin to thin making it harder to breathe. | 在更高的海拔地区，氧气浓度开始减少，使呼吸更加困难。 | |
| 207 | 19:40 | And the cold becomes steadily more piercing with nighttime temperatures regularly dropping below freezing. | 随着夜间气温经常降到零度以下，寒冷变得更加刺骨。 | |
| 210 | 19:48 | Almost 70 degrees Fahrenheit colder than at the base of the mountain. | 几乎华氏70度，比山脚还要冷。 | |
| 212 | 19:57 | These skinks rely on the rocks to survive. | 这些石龙子靠岩石生存。 | |
| 213 | 20:05 | To endure the conditions,they need the heat from the sun. | 为了忍受这种环境，他们需要太阳的热量。 | |
| 214 | 20:11 | They obtain this either by basking or by using the stored heat within the rock. | 它们要么通过晒太阳，要么利用岩石中储存的热量来获取热量。 | |
| 216 | 20:26 | But exposure leaves them vulnerable. | 但暴露在外会让他们很脆弱。 | |
| 217 | 20:39 | The jackal buzzard is a nomadic hunter and a specialist aerial predator. | 豺秃鹰是一种游牧猎人和专业的空中掠食者。 | |
| 219 | 20:57 | It is able to soar or hover with equal proficiency. | 它能同样熟练地飞翔或盘旋。 | |
| 221 | 21:12 | Exposed on the rock,the skink is at its most vulnerable. | 暴露在岩石上的石龙子是最脆弱的。 | |
| 222 | 21:25 | The buzzard skims low over the boulders in search of prey. | 秃鹰低空掠过巨石寻找猎物。 | |
| 223 | 21:44 | But being small has its advantages. | 但是小有它的优点。 | |
| 224 | 22:03 | In this landscape,only a few rocks are lifesavers providing the cover they need. | 在这种景观中，只有少数岩石是救生员，提供了他们需要的掩护。 | |
| 226 | 22:15 | And competition for these is fierce. | 而这些产品的竞争非常激烈。 | |
| 227 | 22:20 | Life up here is difficult enough for the skink. | 这里的生活对石龙子来说已经够艰难了。 | |
| 228 | 22:24 | Predators are not the only things that they have to worry about. | 捕食者不是他们唯一要担心的。 | |
| 230 | 22:33 | There is another dragon of the mountain-- the Drakensberg crag lizard. | 山上还有一条龙——德拉肯斯堡岩蜥蜴。 | |
| 232 | 22:47 | The colors on mature males are pronounced during breeding season. | 成熟雄性的颜色在繁殖季节很明显。 | |
| 234 | 23:06 | This is also when the lizards become more aggressive. | 这也是蜥蜴变得更具攻击性的时候。 | |
| 235 | 23:17 | They are the generalists of Dragon Mountain thriving from the base to the top. | 他们是龙山的通才，自下而上茁壮成长。 | |
| 237 | 23:28 | Where these rocks and ledges are a constant obstacle to others the Drakensberg crag lizard negotiates them with ease using them to hunt,bask,and,most importantly,for shelter. | 在这些岩石和壁架对其他人来说是一个持续的障碍的地方，德拉肯斯堡岩蜥蜴可以轻松地与它们进行谈判，利用它们狩猎、晒太阳，最重要的是，还可以作为庇护所。 | |
| 240 | 23:45 | But in order for them to accomplish this they are dependent on very specific shapes of rock. | 但为了实现这一点，它们依赖于非常特殊的岩石形状。 | |
| 242 | 23:54 | There are few crevices that are the right size and shape to protect them from both predators and the elements. | 几乎没有大小和形状合适的裂缝来保护它们免受捕食者和自然环境的伤害。 | |
| 244 | 24:10 | At times they become comatose during the winter nights. | 有时他们在冬夜昏睡。 | |
| 245 | 24:18 | If their body temperature drops below 23 degrees Fahrenheit they will freeze to death. | 如果他们的体温降到23华氏度以下，他们就会冻死。 | |
| 247 | 24:24 | The only way to prevent this is by sheltering in crevices. | 防止这种情况发生的唯一方法是在裂缝中避难。 | |
| 248 | 24:30 | And not all of these are good enough to beat the cold of Dragon Mountain. | 而且不是所有这些都足以抵御龙山的寒冷。 | |
| 250 | 24:38 | The best fighters lay claim to the best shelter. | 最好的战士拥有最好的庇护所。 | |
| 251 | 24:44 | Those that are forced to use shallower,more exposed cracks are the ones that will freeze during the night. | 那些被迫使用较浅、暴露较多的裂缝的裂缝会在夜间结冰。 | |
| 253 | 25:15 | Reptiles are not the only creatures battling to live up here. | 爬行动物并不是唯一在这里生存的生物。 | |
| 255 | 25:21 | Closer to the summit,it becomes steadily more difficult to survive the mountain. | 离山顶越近，在这座山上生存的难度就越大。 | |
| 257 | 25:30 | Human beings have evolved to function best at sea level. | 人类已经进化到在海平面上发挥最佳功能。 | |
| 258 | 25:36 | Our bodies struggle to withstand the menacing temperatures high winds,and lack of oxygen. | 我们的身体挣扎着抵御危险的温度、大风和缺氧。 | |
| 260 | 25:45 | Each resident of the sub-alpine zone similarly has had to develop its own way of dealing with the stresses of altitude. | 类似地，亚高山地区的每个居民都必须发展自己的方式来应对海拔的压力。 | |
| 263 | 25:57 | Like us,rock hyraxes lack the natural equipment to deal with the severe cold. | 和我们一样，岩石鬣狗缺乏应对严寒的天然设备。 | |
| 265 | 26:04 | Unlike the mountain's reptiles,however,they are unable to counter this by climbing into narrow rock crevices. | 然而，与山上的爬行动物不同的是，它们无法通过爬进狭窄的岩石裂缝来对抗这种情况。 | |
| 267 | 26:14 | So,just like everything else on Dragon Mountain the rock hyraxes have had to find their own methods to survive the elements: they cuddle. | 所以，就像龙山上的其他东西一样，岩羊也必须找到自己的生存方法：拥抱。 | |
| 270 | 26:26 | Cuddling helps conserve heat and counteracts their poor ability to thermoregulate. | 拥抱有助于保存热量和抵消他们较差的体温调节能力。 | |
| 272 | 26:34 | Because of their need for each other's body warmth they always live in family units. | 因为他们需要彼此的身体温暖，所以他们总是住在一个家庭里。 | |
| 274 | 26:41 | They are indiscriminate in their cuddling partners-- neighbors,friends,and even strangers will all do. | 他们不分青红皂白地拥抱伴侣——邻居、朋友，甚至陌生人都会这样做。 | |
| 276 | 26:50 | They have a great ability to economize on energy and resources and they can eat virtually all types of vegetation obtaining most of their moisture needs from their food. | 它们有很大的能力来节约能源和资源，它们可以吃几乎所有类型的植被，从食物中获取大部分的水分需求。 | |
| 280 | 27:08 | This is vital in a land as unyielding as this. | 在这样一片不屈的土地上，这是至关重要的。 | |
| 281 | 27:15 | The hyraxes have,however,developed another technique to cope with the stress of life on the mountain: they relax. | 然而，土豚已经开发出另一种技术来应对山上生活的压力：它们放松。 | |
| 284 | 27:30 | A lot of the hyrax's day is spent chilling out. | hyrax一天的大部分时间都是在冷清中度过的。 | |
| 285 | 27:38 | But don't let it fool you,this is a tactical move-- doing nothing helps them conserve vital energy. | 但别让它愚弄你，这是一个战术性的举动——什么也不做有助于他们保存生命活力。 | |
| 287 | 27:47 | Energy that they muster to masterfully scale the rock faces. | 他们聚精会神地攀登岩石表面的能量。 | |
| 289 | 27:54 | They are generally very sluggish,only coming out to forage in the late morning after a long lie-in. | 它们通常非常迟钝，只有在长时间躺着之后，才在清晨出来觅食。 | |
| 291 | 28:04 | They minimize the time spent on the rocks where they are exposed to predators. | 它们尽量减少在岩石上暴露在捕食者面前的时间。 | |
| 293 | 28:14 | Their key defense strategy is their ability to eat rapidly. | 他们的关键防御策略是快速进食的能力。 | |
| 294 | 28:22 | The hyraxes can consume their entire day's meal in just an hour. | 鬣狗能在一小时内吃掉一整天的食物。 | |
| 296 | 28:33 | And they are dependent on the shelter of rocks to survive. | 它们依靠岩石的庇护所生存。 | |
| 297 | 28:45 | Their clawless feet are useless for digging so they rely on natural cavities provided by the mountain. | 它们没有爪子的脚无法挖掘，所以它们依赖于山上提供的天然洞穴。 | |
| 299 | 29:13 | Not all of the Drakensberg's inhabitants are confined to the close quarters of the rocks. | 并不是所有德拉肯斯堡的居民都被限制在岩石附近。 | |
| 301 | 29:28 | Many birds scour the mountain looking for opportunity. | 许多鸟在山上搜寻机会。 | |
| 302 | 29:32 | These scavenging white-necked ravens continuously patrol the landscape looking for food. | 这些食腐的白颈乌鸦不停地巡游着寻找食物。 | |
| 304 | 29:41 | For them,death is necessary to ensure life. | 对他们来说，死亡是确保生命的必要条件。 | |
| 305 | 29:45 | Without it,they cannot continue. | 没有它，他们就无法继续。 | |
| 306 | 29:51 | In the same manner,this black-backed jackal relies on the lives claimed by Dragon Mountain. | 同样地，这只黑背豺依靠龙山所夺去的生命。 | |
| 308 | 30:13 | Perhaps the most impressive of the Drakensberg's scavengers is the lammergeyer. | 也许最令人印象深刻的德拉肯斯堡的拾荒者是拉默杰。 | |
| 310 | 30:19 | These beautiful vultures take to the skies in a constant search for the carcasses of deceased animals. | 这些美丽的秃鹫飞上天空，不停地寻找死去动物的尸体。 | |
| 312 | 30:49 | But it is not only the scavengers that survive up here. | 但在这里生存的不仅仅是食腐动物。 | |
| 313 | 30:54 | Naturally adapted to climb trees a family of chacma baboons manages to navigate the rocky mountain with ease. | 天生适应爬树的查克玛狒狒家族设法轻松地在落基山脉中航行。 | |
| 316 | 31:05 | Chacma baboons are equally at home moving along branches climbing a rock face,or foraging through the grass. | Chacma狒狒同样在家里沿着树枝攀爬岩石表面，或者在草地上觅食。 | |
| 318 | 31:20 | But the lack of trees here means the mountain is not a generous provider. | 但是，这里没有树木意味着这座山不是一个慷慨的提供者。 | |
| 320 | 31:31 | Baboon troops that live up here often have to journey for days scouring the dimly dressed grassy peaks. | 住在这里的狒狒部队常常要在绿草丛生的山峰上搜寻数天。 | |
| 322 | 31:38 | The family moves as a unit climbing higher and higher,restlessly foraging. | 一家人像一个整体一样，爬得越来越高，不安地觅食。 | |
| 324 | 31:49 | They are capable of obtaining the majority of their water needs from their food. | 它们能够从食物中获得所需的大部分水分。 | |
| 326 | 32:00 | And they are dietary opportunists eating virtually anything that is edible. | 他们是饮食机会主义者，几乎吃任何可食用的东西。 | |
| 328 | 32:13 | Both of these traits are crucial adaptations for surviving the mountain. | 这两种特性都是适应山区生存的关键。 | |
| 330 | 32:48 | This nomadic society is founded on codependence: each member is responsible for looking after the other. | 这个游牧社会建立在相互依赖的基础上：每个成员都有责任照顾对方。 | |
| 332 | 32:56 | The higher they move the less nourishment the landscape provides them. | 它们移动得越高，景观提供给它们的营养就越少。 | |
| 334 | 33:08 | But as a part of a strong family unit they are able to make the most of any opportunity. | 但作为一个强大家庭的一部分，他们能够充分利用任何机会。 | |
| 336 | 33:29 | This region is home to the third dragon of the mountain. | 这个地区是山上第三条龙的故乡。 | |
| 337 | 33:38 | The spiny crag lizard. | 多刺岩蜥蜴。 | |
| 338 | 34:03 | The only place in the world that it lives is here: between 4,900 and 8,200 feet above sea level on the Drakensberg. | 它生活在世界上唯一的地方就是这里：在德拉肯斯堡海拔4900到8200英尺之间。 | |
| 341 | 34:22 | It has evolved to thrive in a rugged world. | 它已经进化到在崎岖不平的世界里茁壮成长。 | |
| 342 | 34:26 | Fallen rocks lie scattered in boulder fields creating an obstacle for most mountain inhabitants. | 落石散落在卵石地里，对大多数山区居民造成了障碍。 | |
| 344 | 34:36 | It has a heavily armored tail and body. | 它有一个重装甲的尾巴和身体。 | |
| 345 | 34:48 | These natural shields are a great defensive aid. | 这些天然盾牌是一个伟大的防御援助。 | |
| 346 | 34:56 | When threatened they will wedge themselves inside crevices using these spines as anchors against extraction. | 当受到威胁时，它们会将自己楔入裂缝中，利用这些刺作为锚来防止拔出。 | |
| 348 | 35:15 | The heights are their realm,and they are especially conditioned to endure the trials of altitude. | 高度是他们的领域，他们特别习惯于忍受高度的考验。 | |
| 350 | 35:22 | This is achieved by basking. | 这是通过晒太阳来实现的。 | |
| 351 | 35:28 | They will spend the daylight hours absorbing the sun's rays. | 他们将在白天吸收阳光。 | |
| 352 | 35:32 | Without this,they would perish up here. | 没有这个，他们会死在这里。 | |
| 353 | 35:36 | They stand at the doorway to the last of the Drakensberg's altitude zones. | 他们站在德拉肯斯堡最后一个海拔区域的门口。 | |
| 355 | 35:46 | At almost 9,000 feet,the alpine region is the bleakest of Dragon Mountain's altitude belts. | 阿尔卑斯山海拔近9000英尺，是龙山海拔带中最荒凉的地区。 | |
| 357 | 35:58 | It is a barren realm. | 这是一个贫瘠的王国。 | |
| 358 | 36:02 | Frost is common. | 霜冻很常见。 | |
| 359 | 36:07 | Mist continuously enshrouds the peaks. | 雾不断地笼罩着山峰。 | |
| 360 | 36:15 | And intense winds relentlessly barrage the few creatures that live here. | 狂风无情地袭击着这里的少数生物。 | |
| 362 | 36:24 | The only shelter comes from the snow-resistant tussock grasses and the unyielding basalt rocks. | 唯一的庇护所来自抗雪的草丛和坚不可摧的玄武岩。 | |
| 364 | 36:31 | For half of the year temperatures drop below freezing sometimes falling as low as -4 degrees Fahrenheit. | 一年中有一半的时间气温降到零度以下，有时甚至降到-4华氏度。 | |
| 367 | 36:43 | And right at the top of this vast,ageless landscape lives the most unassuming of characters. | 在这片广袤、永恒的土地上，生活着最朴素的人物。 | |
| 369 | 36:52 | This innocuous red rock rabbit is dwarfed by the rocks that he inhabits. | 这只无伤大雅的红岩兔与它居住的岩石相形见绌。 | |
| 371 | 37:01 | And this is the very secret to his success. | 这就是他成功的秘诀。 | |
| 372 | 37:06 | He is a master at inconspicuous foraging-- moving undetected between the shadows of rocks. | 他是一个不引人注意的觅食高手——在岩石的阴影中移动而不被发现。 | |
| 374 | 37:18 | Up here,the only way to survive is to stay hidden. | 在这里，唯一的生存之道就是躲起来。 | |
| 375 | 37:26 | Between these sheer cliff faces,jagged buttresses and unassailable pinnacles predators are always looking for a meal. | 在这些陡峭的悬崖面之间，锯齿状的扶壁和无懈可击的尖塔掠食者总是在寻找食物。 | |
| 378 | 37:37 | And at every moment he is vulnerable. | 他每时每刻都很脆弱。 | |
| 379 | 37:43 | His only defense is his ability to blend into this vast,bleak landscape. | 他唯一的防御就是融入这片广阔荒凉的土地的能力。 | |
| 381 | 37:53 | For Dragon Mountain's smallest residents remaining undetected is vital for survival. | 对于龙山最小的居民来说，未被发现对生存至关重要。 | |
| 383 | 38:01 | But some creatures have no choice but to dash out in search of a meal. | 但有些生物别无选择，只能冲出去觅食。 | |
| 385 | 38:08 | An ice rat leaves the safety of the overhanging rocks to forage in the open. | 一只冰鼠离开悬垂岩石的安全地带，在户外觅食。 | |
| 387 | 38:15 | They have thick fur that helps them cope with the extreme cold. | 它们有厚厚的皮毛，可以帮助它们抵御严寒。 | |
| 389 | 38:24 | They also have an elongated small intestine that aids them in absorbing nutrients from their food. | 它们还有一个细长的小肠，帮助它们从食物中吸收营养。 | |
| 391 | 38:31 | This efficient digestion system means they don't have to stay out foraging for as long as other rodent species found lower down. | 这种高效的消化系统意味着它们不必像其他啮齿动物那样长时间呆在外面觅食。 | |
| 394 | 38:45 | These are social animals when in their burrow but they always forage alone... | 它们在洞穴里是群居动物，但它们总是独自觅食。。。 | |
| 396 | 38:56 | Despite the dangers of the mountain. | 尽管山势险恶。 | |
| 397 | 39:00 | Predators with keen eyesight prowl the landscape for food. | 视力敏锐的食肉动物在这片土地上觅食。 | |
| 398 | 39:18 | The tiny mammals are not equipped with the same sharpness of sense that the raptors have. | 这些微小的哺乳动物并不像猛禽那样拥有敏锐的感官。 | |
| 400 | 39:30 | Despite this,they have to feed. | 尽管如此，他们还是得养活自己。 | |
| 401 | 39:57 | Often the ice rat's best defense is the mountain itself. | 通常，冰鼠最好的防御是山本身。 | |
| 402 | 40:21 | What is a burden to some is a refuge for others. | 对某些人来说是负担，对另一些人来说是避难所。 | |
| 403 | 40:38 | And the ice rat lives to forage another day. | 冰鼠又活了一天。 | |
| 404 | 40:45 | There is little else in the world that can compare to what is found up here. | 世界上没有什么能比得上这里的东西了。 | |
| 406 | 41:00 | This is the apex of the mountain the most exposed and inhospitable of all its regions. | 这是这座山的顶点，是它所有地区中最暴露、最不适宜居住的地方。 | |
| 408 | 41:13 | But even here,at the very summit of Dragon Mountain creatures can be found among its rocky outcrops. | 但即使在这里，在龙山的最高峰，在它的岩石露头中也能发现生物。 | |
| 410 | 41:30 | Perched on the very edge of the world with the clouds for a carpet and the sky for a ceiling the last dragon of the mountain... | 栖息在世界的边缘，以云为地毯，以天为天花板，山上的最后一条龙。。。 | |
| 413 | 41:44 | The Lang's crag lizard. | 狼的岩蜥蜴。 | |
| 414 | 41:49 | Also known as the suicide lizard its name comes from its habit of hanging from ledges at extreme altitudes above 8,900 feet. | 也被称为自杀蜥蜴，它的名字来源于它在8900英尺以上的极端高度悬挂在壁架上的习惯。 | |
| 417 | 42:06 | It has endured because it lives in an area where little can harm it. | 它之所以能忍受，是因为它生活在一个几乎不会伤害它的地区。 | |
| 419 | 42:18 | The inhospitable summit of the Drakensberg. | 德拉肯斯堡荒凉的山顶。 | |
| 420 | 42:38 | Because of this remote location little is known about the Lang's crag lizard. | 由于地理位置偏远，人们对朗氏岩蜥蜴知之甚少。 | |
| 422 | 42:48 | Only that it makes its home here on the top of basalt giants. | 只是它在玄武岩巨人的顶端安家。 | |
| 424 | 43:29 | Hidden by cold and altitude,left to live undisturbed... | 被寒冷和海拔所隐藏，让生活不受干扰。。。 | |
| 425 | 43:39 | A dragon as imperceptible as the cliffs it lives in. | 像它生活的悬崖一样难以察觉的龙。 | |
| 426 | 43:42 | Like the mountain's summit it remains largely outside of our reach. | 就像山顶一样，它在很大程度上仍然是我们无法到达的。 | |
| 428 | 43:57 | Yet another mystery of the landscape. | 另一个神秘的景观。 | |
| 429 | 44:22 | With every step towards the summit a new adaptation can be seen in the creatures that endure the ruthlessness of the mountain. | 随着每一步走向顶峰，在忍受着山的无情的生物身上都可以看到一种新的适应。 | |
| 432 | 44:41 | The dragons that live here are shrouded in the mystery of the landscape they inhabit. | 生活在这里的龙被他们居住的神秘景观所笼罩。 | |
| 434 | 44:55 | They have made their home in a wilderness so remote that it occurs largely beyond our reach. | 他们把自己的家建在一片荒野中，如此遥远，以至于我们无法到达。 | |
| 436 | 45:16 | And the creatures that they share this beautiful unforgiving stage with are some of nature's hardiest... | 与它们同处这美丽而无情的舞台的生物是自然界中最顽强的。。。 | |
| 438 | 45:28 | Illustrating a will to survive that seems as improbable as it is remarkable. | 说明一个生存的意愿，这似乎是不可能的，因为它是了不起的。 | |
| 440 | 45:46 | And their stage is one of the most spectacular on the planet. | 他们的舞台是地球上最壮观的舞台之一。 | |
| 第 2 集 Lake.Manyara.National.Park 22222222222222222 | |
| 1 | 00:03 | In the north of Tanzania towering mountains line a dramatic valley. | 在坦桑尼亚北部，巍峨的山脉形成了一个引人注目的山谷。 | |
| 3 | 00:14 | Its walls carved by shifts in the earth's surface long ago ... | 它的墙壁很久以前就被地表的变化所雕刻。。。 | |
| 5 | 00:23 | Enriched by ancient volcanoes its slopes provide a variety of habitats for life to thrive. | 它的斜坡因古老的火山而富饶，为生命的繁衍提供了多种栖息地。 | |
| 8 | 00:43 | And its great centerpiece holds water through even the driest of times. | 即使在最干燥的时候，它伟大的核心也能保持水分。 | |
| 10 | 00:54 | This is Lake Manyara National Park. | 这是曼雅拉湖国家公园。 | |
| 11 | 01:06 | East Africa's landscape is defined by a geological phenomenon unlike any other on earth. | 东非的地貌是由一种不同于地球上任何其他地貌的地质现象所决定的。 | |
| 17 | 01:47 | Thirty million years ago an upwelling of molten rock beneath the earth's crust caused the planet's surface to begin to shift tearing continental Africa apart. | 三千万年前，地壳下方熔融岩石的上升流导致地球表面开始移动，将非洲大陆撕裂。 | |
| 21 | 02:03 | Over the eons as the tectonic plates split the land has fractured along two fault zones to form towering mountains and sunken valleys that stretch over 3,700 miles. | 千百万年来，随着板块的分裂，这片土地沿着两条断裂带断裂，形成了绵延3700英里的高耸山脉和凹陷山谷。 | |
| 26 | 02:18 | Known as the Great Rift Valley this geological scar is so immense it can be seen from space. | 这个被称为大裂谷的地质遗迹非常巨大，从太空中可以看到。 | |
| 29 | 02:28 | Molten lava once burst to the surface of this rift through volcanoes lining the fault zones. | 熔岩曾经通过断层带两侧的火山喷发到裂谷的表面。 | |
| 31 | 02:36 | And the rift is still active. | 裂谷仍然活跃。 | |
| 32 | 02:43 | Where the earth erupts,a caustic environment supports only the most specialized of species. | 在地球喷发的地方，腐蚀性的环境只支持最特殊的物种。 | |
| 34 | 02:52 | But where eruptions have long since ceased ash that once spewed across the land now provides some of the continent's most fertile soils. | 但火山喷发早已停止的地方，曾经喷发在大地上的火山灰现在提供了一些非洲大陆最肥沃的土壤。 | |
| 37 | 03:04 | This rich earth lines the slopes of Lake Manyara National Park. | 这些肥沃的土壤排列在曼雅拉湖国家公园的斜坡上。 | |
| 39 | 03:19 | Water collects in the rift mountains flowing down into the valley below. | 水在裂谷山脉汇集，流入下面的山谷。 | |
| 41 | 03:31 | On its descent it nurtures diverse habitats; From forest and woodland savanna to grasslands and marshes. | 它的后代孕育了多种多样的栖息地，从森林和林地稀树草原到草原和沼泽。 | |
| 45 | 03:49 | Eventually it flows into a great lake in the valley floor. | 最终流入谷底的一个大湖。 | |
| 46 | 03:59 | This lake is a haven to a multitude of species that depend on it throughout the dry season. | 这个湖是许多物种的避风港，这些物种在整个旱季都依赖它。 | |
| 48 | 04:21 | Beyond its banks,the valley provides for life as well. | 除了河岸，山谷还提供了生命。 | |
| 49 | 04:36 | Rooted in nourishing soils the park's varied environments are the living legacy of ancient volcanic activity. | 植根于滋养土壤的公园的各种环境是古代火山活动的活遗产。 | |
| 52 | 04:48 | They provide homes for many species; Some specialized to a particular niche. | 它们为许多物种提供了家园；有些专门为特定的生态位服务。 | |
| 54 | 05:00 | While others know how to take advantage of all that's on offer. | 而其他人则知道如何利用现有的一切。 | |
| 56 | 05:06 | For them the park's variety presents a banquet fit for a huge family. | 对他们来说，公园里的各种各样的东西是适合一个大家庭的宴会。 | |
| 58 | 05:27 | It's morning in Lake Manyara National Park. | 今天早上在曼雅拉湖国家公园。 | |
| 59 | 05:31 | A troop of olive baboons gathers in the valley's foothills before embarking on its daily journey. | 一群橄榄狒狒聚集在山谷的山麓，然后开始每天的旅程。 | |
| 61 | 05:44 | They spend the night in the safety of the high cliffs and travel by day to the sweet grasslands of the valley floor. | 他们在高崖的安全地带过夜，白天到谷底的甜蜜草原旅行。 | |
| 64 | 05:56 | The troop numbers sixty strong and it's growing. | 这支部队有六十多人，而且还在增加。 | |
| 66 | 06:07 | The newest baby's pink face means she's younger than four months. | 新出生的婴儿的粉红色脸意味着她还不到四个月。 | |
| 68 | 06:23 | And she's already developed the strength and coordination to climb. | 她已经具备了攀登的力量和协调能力。 | |
| 70 | 06:48 | For her and her older cousins life is simple. | 对她和她的堂兄弟姐妹来说，生活很简单。 | |
| 72 | 06:55 | While they play their seniors engage in their favorite pastime. | 当他们玩的时候，他们的高年级学生从事他们最喜欢的消遣。 | |
| 74 | 07:01 | Grooming. | 梳毛。 | |
| 75 | 07:50 | Soon it's time to begin their journey. | 很快是时候开始他们的旅程了。 | |
| 76 | 07:59 | Babies cling to their mothers' bellies for at least six weeks. | 婴儿在母亲的肚子上贴着至少六个星期。 | |
| 77 | 08:09 | By twelve weeks old they ride jockey style saving their energy for the next play break. | 到了12周大的时候，他们会像骑师一样骑行，为下一次的休息时间节省精力。 | |
| 80 | 08:23 | There's time to steal a quick drink. | 是时候偷点喝的了。 | |
| 81 | 08:42 | This water flows down from the mountains which rise up to 2,000 feet above the valley floor. | 这些水从高出谷底2000英尺的山上流下来。 | |
| 83 | 08:51 | Now in the height of the dry season it's crucial to life in the park fuelling growth through the toughest times. | 现在正值旱季，在最艰难的时期，公园里的生活对促进经济增长至关重要。 | |
| 86 | 09:04 | In places it runs as streams. | 在某些地方它像溪流一样流动。 | |
| 87 | 09:12 | In others it seeps through the earth as groundwater accessed by the deep roots of trees. | 在另一些地方，地下水通过树木的深根渗入土壤。 | |
| 89 | 09:22 | Eventually it spills into lake Manyara itself. | 最终它流入曼雅拉湖本身。 | |
| 90 | 09:33 | The foothills are the first to receive the mountain runoff; And here vegetation grows green and dense. | 山麓是第一个接受山体径流的地方；这里的植被长得又绿又茂密。 | |
| 92 | 09:57 | For this Blue monkey the forest is a permanent home. | 对这只蓝猴子来说，森林是一个永久的家。 | |
| 94 | 10:11 | When he's old enough he'll challenge for control of a harem of females. | 当他足够大的时候，他会挑战控制一个女人的后宫。 | |
| 96 | 10:20 | For now he lives alone moving between the territories of other Blue monkeys. | 现在他独自生活在其他蓝猴子的领地之间。 | |
| 98 | 10:33 | Manyara's dense vegetation is crucial to him and his kind. | 曼雅拉茂密的植被对他和他的同类至关重要。 | |
| 100 | 10:41 | Blue monkeys can't cope with long exposure to the park's tropical sunshine. | 蓝猴子无法忍受长时间暴露在公园的热带阳光下。 | |
| 102 | 10:53 | Luckily for him,the forests offer plenty of shade. | 幸运的是，森林提供了充足的荫凉。 | |
| 103 | 10:56 | And food too. | 还有食物。 | |
| 104 | 11:02 | He gets almost two thirds of his forage from only ten plant species all of which are provided in a small home range in the dense forest. | 他几乎三分之二的饲料来自十种植物，所有这些植物都是在茂密的森林里的一个小牧场里提供的。 | |
| 108 | 11:21 | For the baboons things are very different. | 对狒狒来说，情况大不相同。 | |
| 110 | 11:39 | They have incredibly varied diets eating virtually all the edible plants in their travels through Manyara's different habitats. | 它们有着令人难以置信的多样化的饮食，在穿越曼雅拉不同的栖息地时几乎吃掉了所有的可食用植物。 | |
| 113 | 11:51 | And they've found one of their favorite foods. | 他们找到了他们最喜欢的食物之一。 | |
| 114 | 11:53 | The appropriately named Sausage tree grows enormous fruit. | 这棵名字恰如其分的香肠树结出硕果累累。 | |
| 116 | 12:14 | They're a mouthful even for a male with 2 inch long canines. | 即使是长着2英寸长犬齿的雄性，它们也是满嘴的。 | |
| 118 | 12:25 | These razor sharp teeth also play a crucial role in battles for power and provide important defense against the baboons' predators. | 这些锋利的牙齿在争夺权力的战斗中也起着至关重要的作用，为狒狒抵御掠食者提供了重要的防御。 | |
| 121 | 12:39 | As do the troop's numbers. | 军队的人数也是如此。 | |
| 122 | 12:49 | The troop moves with a strong contingent of big males. | 这支部队有一支庞大的雄性队伍。 | |
| 123 | 13:03 | They band together to protect their kin. | 他们联合起来保护他们的亲属。 | |
| 124 | 13:14 | This means that unlike most of Africa's primates the troop can venture onto more open ground far from the safety of trees. | 这意味着，与大多数非洲灵长类动物不同，这支队伍可以冒险进入远离树木安全的更开阔的地面。 | |
| 127 | 13:28 | But the baboons must be wary at all times. | 但狒狒必须时刻保持警惕。 | |
| 128 | 13:34 | There are leopards about. | 附近有豹子。 | |
| 129 | 13:48 | This big male's territory covers the border between Manyara's forest and savanna. | 这只雄性大熊猫的领地覆盖了曼雅拉森林和稀树草原之间的边界。 | |
| 131 | 14:04 | He lives a completely solitary life. | 他过着完全孤独的生活。 | |
| 132 | 14:14 | But his range overlaps with those of numerous females. | 但他的射程与众多女性的射程重叠。 | |
| 133 | 14:27 | From his vantage point he advertises his position to both potential mates and competitors. | 他从有利的角度向潜在的伙伴和竞争对手宣传自己的地位。 | |
| 136 | 14:45 | For him the tree is a resting place lookout point and stage for making his presence known. | 对他来说，树是一个休息的地方，了望点和舞台，让他知道他的存在。 | |
| 139 | 14:57 | But for many of the park's other creatures the huge trees that thrive in the rich soils have a simpler importance. | 但是对于公园里的许多其他生物来说，在肥沃的土壤中茁壮成长的大树有着更简单的重要性。 | |
| 142 | 15:11 | Figs are a favorite of Silvery-cheeked hornbills. | 无花果是银颊犀鸟的最爱。 | |
| 143 | 15:18 | This male and female pair wanders the treetops together in search of fruit. | 这对雄性和雌性一起在树梢上游荡寻找果实。 | |
| 145 | 15:32 | Unable to chew the hornbill must position the fig perfectly for swallowing whole. | 无法咀嚼的犀鸟必须把无花果放在完美的位置，才能吞下整个。 | |
| 148 | 15:53 | And it's easier said than done. | 说起来容易做起来难。 | |
| 149 | 16:00 | But figs aren't the only food available. | 但无花果并不是唯一的食物。 | |
| 150 | 16:09 | Like many birds,the hornbills will eat insects. | 像许多鸟一样，犀鸟会吃昆虫。 | |
| 151 | 16:15 | And these are abundant in Lake Manyara National Park. | 这些在曼雅拉湖国家公园里非常丰富。 | |
| 152 | 17:00 | These bees are preparing to move to a new home. | 这些蜜蜂正准备搬去新家。 | |
| 153 | 17:05 | They've left their hive with their queen and cluster in a nearby acacia tree awaiting the return of scouts. | 他们把蜂巢留给了王后，聚集在附近的一棵金合欢树上等待侦察兵的归来。 | |
| 156 | 17:15 | When a suitable new home has been found the scouts will give the colony directions in the form of an intricate dance. | 当一个合适的新家被发现后，侦察兵将以复杂的舞蹈形式给殖民地指明方向。 | |
| 159 | 17:24 | In their old home worker bees left behind will raise a new queen allowing reproduction to happen in the old hive while a new one is created. | 在他们的旧家里，留下来的工蜂将饲养一个新蜂王，允许在旧蜂巢中繁殖，同时创造一个新蜂巢。 | |
| 163 | 17:41 | Acacia trees like this grow abundantly in the savanna woodlands between the forests of the foothills and the grasslands in the valley floor. | 像这样的金合欢树大量生长在山麓森林和谷底草原之间的稀树草原林地。 | |
| 167 | 17:55 | Here,away from the lake,surface water is sparse especially now in the height of the dry season. | 这里远离湖泊，地表水稀少，尤其是现在正值旱季。 | |
| 169 | 18:04 | But the acacias' deep roots give them access to groundwater. | 但是金合欢的根很深，所以它们可以利用地下水。 | |
| 170 | 18:12 | These trees are a favorite of another of the park's primates. | 这些树是公园里另一种灵长类动物的最爱。 | |
| 171 | 18:22 | Vervet monkeys. | 狐猴。 | |
| 172 | 18:46 | These youngsters are remarkably adept at avoiding injury amongst the thorns. | 这些年轻人非常善于避免在荆棘丛中受伤。 | |
| 174 | 19:11 | But the acacias are more than just props for play. | 但是相思不仅仅是游戏的道具。 | |
| 175 | 19:20 | They produce new leaves and flowers during the dry season - fodder for the monkeys. | 它们在旱季会长出新的叶子和花——猴子的饲料。 | |
| 177 | 19:29 | Like the baboons,Vervets are opportunistic omnivores and they eat a range of foods. | 像狒狒一样，狐猴也是机会主义的杂食动物，它们吃各种各样的食物。 | |
| 179 | 19:46 | Remarkably this includes the seemingly least appetizing part of an acacia tree ... | 值得注意的是，这包括相思树上看起来最不可口的部分。。。 | |
| 181 | 19:53 | Its thorns. | 它的刺。 | |
| 182 | 20:02 | By breaking these off and eating their nutritious base the monkeys turn the tree's only defense mechanism into a source of food. | 通过打破这些并吃掉它们的营养基础，猴子把树的唯一防御机制变成了食物的来源。 | |
| 185 | 20:23 | The troop's youngest baby will rely entirely on its mother for comfort and protection until it's three months old. | 部队中最小的婴儿在三个月大之前将完全依靠母亲来安慰和保护。 | |
| 188 | 20:39 | But it takes any opportunity to explore. | 但它需要任何机会去探索。 | |
| 189 | 20:51 | By six months old it will be largely independent. | 到6个月大时，它将基本上独立。 | |
| 190 | 20:56 | For now mum's not letting it out of reach. | 现在妈妈还没把它放在够不着的地方。 | |
| 192 | 21:16 | Its older cousins engage in some roughhousing in the open. | 它年长的表亲们在户外干一些粗活。 | |
| 193 | 21:37 | Unlike the baboons the Vervets are defenseless against big predators and can't stray too far from the safety of trees. | 与狒狒不同的是，vervet对大型食肉动物毫无抵抗力，不能离树木太远。 | |
| 196 | 21:48 | They keep many eyes on the lookout. | 他们密切注视着了望台。 | |
| 197 | 21:54 | Vervets have at least five different warning calls for various threats. | 对于各种威胁，维维特至少有五种不同的警告电话。 | |
| 199 | 22:02 | And they've learnt to respond to similar cues from another species. | 他们已经学会了对来自另一个物种的类似线索做出反应。 | |
| 201 | 22:13 | A Superb starling gives different calls for terrestrial and air predators to warn its own species. | 一只出色的椋鸟发出不同的声音，要求陆地和空中的掠食者警告自己的物种。 | |
| 204 | 22:23 | By learning to respond to the bird's calls the monkeys gain extra sentries. | 通过学习回应鸟的叫声，猴子们获得了额外的哨兵。 | |
| 206 | 22:48 | With a much bigger family than the monkeys the baboons have plenty of lookouts. | 狒狒有一个比猴子大得多的家庭，有很多了望台。 | |
| 208 | 23:10 | Deep into the savanna the troop is more than halfway on its journey. | 在大草原深处，部队已经走了一半以上的路程。 | |
| 210 | 23:22 | They too take full advantage of all the acacias have to offer. | 他们也充分利用了阿拉伯树胶树所能提供的一切。 | |
| 211 | 23:29 | The youngsters devour pods,leaves and flowers alike. | 幼崽喜欢吃豆荚、叶子和花。 | |
| 212 | 23:45 | Their opposable thumbs allow them to handle their fodder with remarkable dexterity. | 它们相对的大拇指使它们能够非常灵活地处理饲料。 | |
| 214 | 23:54 | But some pods fall through the gaps. | 但有些豆荚会从缝隙里掉下来。 | |
| 215 | 24:18 | Their inclusive diet means the baboons have plenty of options for a satisfying snack. | 它们的包容性饮食意味着狒狒有很多选择，可以吃到令人满意的零食。 | |
| 217 | 24:32 | Roots offer both food and moisture. | 根提供食物和水分。 | |
| 218 | 24:40 | And experience has taught the adults which part of each plant offers most in the way of sustenance. | 经验告诉成年人，每株植物的哪一部分提供的食物最多。 | |
| 221 | 24:52 | This ability to select specific parts of different plants sets baboons apart from many of the savanna's animals. | 这种选择不同植物特定部位的能力使狒狒与许多稀树草原动物区别开来。 | |
| 223 | 25:05 | While the troop feeds there is time for a midday grooming session. | 在部队进餐时，有时间进行中午的梳洗。 | |
| 225 | 25:25 | Females will often form relationships with particular males relying on them for defense against aggression from others. | 雌性通常会与特定的雄性建立关系，依靠它们来抵御他人的攻击。 | |
| 228 | 25:40 | Grooming is an important part of cementing these relationships. | 梳理是巩固这些关系的重要组成部分。 | |
| 229 | 25:57 | But sitting around is boring for the young pink-faced baby. | 但是坐在那里对年轻的粉红脸婴儿来说是很无聊的。 | |
| 230 | 26:05 | She is intent on exploring her world. | 她一心想探索她的世界。 | |
| 231 | 26:45 | Eventually the troop moves off on the final leg of its journey. | 最后，部队在最后一段旅程中出发了。 | |
| 232 | 27:02 | When the baboons are gone a family of elephants carefully gathers the pods they've left behind. | 当狒狒离开后，一个象家族小心地收集它们留下的豆荚。 | |
| 235 | 27:14 | At this dry time of year Manyara's elephants separate into small groups to make the most of available resources. | 在一年中的这个干旱的时候，曼雅拉的大象们分成了几个小组，以充分利用现有的资源。 | |
| 238 | 27:26 | Nursing mothers are especially pressed to find enough nutrition. | 哺乳期的母亲尤其迫切需要找到足够的营养。 | |
| 240 | 27:36 | The newest baby drinks more than two and a half gallons of milk a day. | 新出生的婴儿每天喝两加仑半以上的牛奶。 | |
| 242 | 27:44 | Her mother must add to the hundreds of pounds she already eats to account for the burden of nursing. | 她母亲必须把她已经吃的几百英镑加起来，以承担护理的负担。 | |
| 245 | 28:16 | Like the baboons,elephants have incredibly varied diets and the young mother will chomp through everything on offer. | 象狒狒一样，大象的饮食极其多样化，年轻的母亲会狼吞虎咽地吃所有提供的食物。 | |
| 247 | 28:28 | A savanna's combination of dry grass and woody vegetation provides the browsing elephants with lots of options. | 热带稀树草原上干草和木本植物的结合为大象提供了很多选择。 | |
| 249 | 28:52 | But for the park's grazers the flatlands surrounding the lake provide better feeding. | 但是对于公园里的食草动物来说，湖周围的平地提供了更好的食物。 | |
| 252 | 29:02 | Here,large swathes remain green despite the long months since it last rained in the valley. | 在这里，尽管山谷里上次下雨已经有好几个月了，但大片地区仍然是绿色的。 | |
| 254 | 29:16 | The lushest of all are broad marshlands at the lakes edge where groundwater bubbles to the surface in springs. | 最郁郁葱葱的是湖边宽阔的沼泽地，那里的地下水以泉水的形式涌向地表。 | |
| 256 | 29:30 | Here it fuels the growth of Smooth flatsedge. | 在这里，它促进了光滑的莎草的生长。 | |
| 257 | 29:35 | In the dry season this sedge can form 60 percent of the diet of buffalos. | 在旱季，这种莎草可以构成水牛60%的食物。 | |
| 259 | 29:46 | The old bulls in this group have been ejected from their herds unable to compete for dominance with younger males. | 这群老牛被赶出牛群，无法与年轻的公牛竞争优势。 | |
| 261 | 29:56 | They now wander the marshes with only each other and some Cattle egrets for company. | 他们现在在沼泽地里游荡，只有彼此和一些白鹭作伴。 | |
| 263 | 30:06 | The birds take full advantage of the buffalos' presence. | 这些鸟充分利用了水牛的存在。 | |
| 264 | 30:14 | They snap up insects disturbed by the hefty herbivores. | 他们捕捉被庞大的食草动物骚扰的昆虫。 | |
| 265 | 30:20 | And use them as perches with better vantage points. | 把它们当作有更好有利位置的栖木。 | |
| 266 | 30:26 | The water seeping into this marsh is reaching the final stage of its journey from the hills. | 渗入这片沼泽的水正从山上流到它旅程的最后阶段。 | |
| 268 | 30:36 | What isn't absorbed by the sedge will run into lake Manyara itself the park's centerpiece and huge epicenter of life. | 没有被莎草吸收的部分将流入曼雅拉湖，曼雅拉湖本身是公园的中心和巨大的生命中心。 | |
| 272 | 30:59 | It's home to many of the 400 species of bird found in the park. | 它是公园里发现的400种鸟类中许多鸟类的家园。 | |
| 274 | 31:07 | They flock to Manyara from far and wide to feed ... | 它们从四面八方蜂拥到曼雅拉去觅食。。。 | |
| 275 | 31:09 | and to breed. | 以及繁殖。 | |
| 276 | 31:21 | Many large waterbirds frequent the lake but among these the two species dominate. | 许多大型水鸟经常出现在湖里，但在这两种水鸟中占优势。 | |
| 278 | 31:31 | At 24 pounds the Great white pelican is the biggest of the lake's birds. | 大白鹈鹕体重24磅，是湖中最大的鸟类。 | |
| 280 | 31:41 | To lift their bulk these huge birds have wingspans of more than eleven feet. | 为了举起它们的身躯，这些大鸟的翼展超过11英尺。 | |
| 282 | 31:55 | They spend as much as a quarter of the day foraging scooping fish from the water in their pouches. | 它们每天花四分之一的时间从鱼袋里的水里舀鱼。 | |
| 284 | 32:07 | These birds are known for their cooperation working together to herd fish into the shallows for easy pickings. | 这些鸟以它们的合作而闻名，它们一起把鱼赶到浅滩上，以便捕鱼。 | |
| 287 | 32:31 | The pelicans share the lake with another imposing species ... | 鹈鹕与另一个壮观的物种共享湖水。。。 | |
| 288 | 32:34 | the Yellow-billed stork. | 黄嘴鹳。 | |
| 289 | 32:36 | Flocks roost on the grassy shore. | 羊群栖息在长满草的岸边。 | |
| 290 | 32:41 | At only a fifth of the pelicans' weight they can spend much less time foraging,and more time resting. | 只有鹈鹕体重的五分之一，它们可以花更少的时间觅食，更多的时间休息。 | |
| 292 | 32:57 | As they stride through the shallows the storks stir the mud of the lake bed,disturbing their prey. | 当它们大步穿过浅滩时，鹳搅动着湖床的淤泥，扰乱了它们的猎物。 | |
| 294 | 33:10 | Intensely tactile bills snap shut as soon as they feel anything edible. | 有强烈触觉的钞票一感觉到任何可食用的东西就立刻合上。 | |
| 296 | 33:19 | They feed on a variety of aquatic life including fish,frogs and crustaceans. | 它们以各种水生生物为食，包括鱼、青蛙和甲壳类动物。 | |
| 298 | 33:28 | There's enough food in the lake to support flocks hundreds strong. | 湖里有足够的食物养活几百只强壮的羊群。 | |
| 300 | 33:37 | The lake's abundance is only truly appreciated when compared with a very different scene just 60 miles to the north. | 只有当与北面60英里处的一个完全不同的景色相比，这个湖的丰富才是真正值得欣赏的。 | |
| 303 | 33:54 | Lake Natron. | 纳特龙湖。 | |
| 304 | 34:02 | Here,the water supports very little. | 在这里，水支撑不了多少。 | |
| 305 | 34:12 | Like lake Manyara the water flows into Natron from the surrounding highlands. | 像曼雅拉湖一样，水从周围的高地流入纳特龙。 | |
| 307 | 34:25 | But one looming peak makes this lake a very different environment. | 但是一个即将到来的山峰使这个湖的环境大不相同。 | |
| 309 | 34:33 | Ol Doinyo Lengai. | Ol Doinyo Lengai先生。 | |
| 310 | 34:41 | Towering over 7,200 feet above the plains this active volcano is known to the local Maasai people as 'the mountain of the gods'. | 这座活火山高出平原7200英尺，被当地马赛人称为“众神之山”。 | |
| 313 | 34:56 | In the last hundred years,it has erupted 15 times spreading volcanic chemicals over the surrounding soils. | 在过去的一百年里，它已经喷发了15次，把火山化学物质散布在周围的土壤上。 | |
| 315 | 35:10 | Water flowing both above and below ground carries these chemicals into the lake. | 地上和地下的水流都把这些化学物质带入湖中。 | |
| 317 | 35:16 | High evaporation rates leave behind such high concentrations of salts that the lake's water can corrode flesh. | 高蒸发率留下如此高浓度的盐，湖水可以腐蚀肉。 | |
| 320 | 35:30 | Now in the height of the dry season broad,barren mud flats surround the receding caustic waters of lake Natron. | 现在正值旱季，纳顿湖逐渐退去的腐蚀性水域周围是宽阔、贫瘠的泥滩。 | |
| 323 | 35:44 | Very little lives in this extreme and unforgiving land. | 在这片极端无情的土地上，鲜有生命。 | |
| 324 | 35:51 | With a fantastic exception. | 有一个很好的例外。 | |
| 325 | 36:08 | Flamingos. | 火烈鸟。 | |
| 326 | 36:32 | There are between 1,5 and 2,5 million of these birds in east Africa. | 东非有150万到250万只这样的鸟。 | |
| 328 | 36:40 | And most of them hatch on the mud islands of lake Natron. | 它们大多在纳特龙湖的泥岛上孵化。 | |
| 329 | 36:46 | Terrestrial predators can't wade through the corrosive water to reach the flamingos' nests but the elegant birds have adapted to thrive here. | 陆地食肉动物无法涉水穿过腐蚀性的海水到达火烈鸟的巢穴，但优雅的鸟类已经适应了这里的繁衍。 | |
| 332 | 37:00 | Their legs have tough outer coverings to protect them. | 它们的腿有坚硬的外壳来保护它们。 | |
| 333 | 37:22 | Flamingos feed on microscopic algae filtering it from the water. | 火烈鸟以从水中过滤出来的微藻为食。 | |
| 335 | 37:33 | The upside-down curve to their beaks allows for maximum intake when reaching from their height of more than 3 feet. | 当它们从3英尺以上的高度伸出时，喙的倒转曲线允许最大的摄取量。 | |
| 338 | 37:53 | In places,the lake's corrosive water bubbles up from beneath the earth at extremely high temperatures. | 在某些地方，湖中的腐蚀性水在极高的温度下从地下冒出来。 | |
| 341 | 38:09 | And the flamingos must shift from foot to foot to withstand the heat. | 火烈鸟必须从一只脚移动到另一只脚才能承受高温。 | |
| 343 | 38:32 | The huge flock will feed for up to twelve and a half hours in a day to get all it needs. | 庞大的羊群一天要吃12个半小时才能得到所需的食物。 | |
| 345 | 38:48 | The flamingos aren't the only specialists living here. | 火烈鸟不是这里唯一的专家。 | |
| 346 | 38:53 | In streams feeding the lake a school of Alkaline tilapia makes its home. | 在湖水的溪流中，一群碱性罗非鱼安家。 | |
| 348 | 39:08 | They are specially adapted to survive in the oxygen deprived caustic waters. | 它们特别适合在缺氧的腐蚀性水中生存。 | |
| 350 | 39:19 | Like the flamingos,they feed largely on the lake's algae grazing the surface of stones. | 像火烈鸟一样，它们主要以湖中的藻类为食，在石头表面觅食。 | |
| 352 | 39:35 | These two very different creatures thrive where few others can survive succeeding through their specialization. | 这两种截然不同的生物在很少有其他生物能通过它们的专业化生存下来的地方茁壮成长。 | |
| 355 | 39:57 | At Natron's neighbor to the south the allures of the more forgiving lake Manyara are lost on the baboons. | 在南部的纳特龙的邻居，更宽容的曼雅拉湖的魅力在狒狒身上消失了。 | |
| 358 | 40:14 | They've been on the move all morning and they're reaching their destination. | 他们整个上午都在搬家，正在到达目的地。 | |
| 360 | 40:23 | For them the valley floor's main attraction is these green grasslands. | 对他们来说，谷底的主要吸引力是这些绿色的草原。 | |
| 362 | 40:35 | Despite their varied diets grass can make up more than half of their food. | 尽管他们的饮食多种多样，但草能占他们食物的一半以上。 | |
| 364 | 40:47 | And these long blades hold a remarkable treat for the troop. | 这些长刃为部队带来了非凡的享受。 | |
| 365 | 40:50 | Spider webs. | 蜘蛛网。 | |
| 366 | 41:00 | There is no definite explanation for this choice of food. | 对这种食物的选择没有明确的解释。 | |
| 367 | 41:03 | The baboons could be relishing anything caught in the webs rather than the silk itself. | 狒狒可能喜欢网里的任何东西，而不是丝绸本身。 | |
| 369 | 41:17 | While they settle in to feed there is plenty of time for troop life to play out. | 当他们安顿下来吃东西的时候，有足够的时间让军队生活继续下去。 | |
| 371 | 41:26 | And of course,this involves some grooming. | 当然，这需要一些修饰。 | |
| 372 | 41:34 | But not all is completely peaceful. | 但并不是所有的一切都是完全和平的。 | |
| 373 | 41:38 | A show of aggression helps reinforce rank between males. | 表现出侵略性有助于加强男性之间的地位。 | |
| 374 | 41:45 | Might is right in baboon society. | 在狒狒社会里，强权是正确的。 | |
| 375 | 41:50 | While the males fight for dominance the young female baby inherits her mother's rank which she will keep for life. | 当雄性为统治权而战时，幼小的雌性婴儿继承了她母亲的地位，她将终生保持这种地位。 | |
| 378 | 42:08 | As always the troop keeps a vigilant watch for predators and others are quick to take advantage. | 一如往常，部队对掠食者保持警惕，其他人则迅速利用。 | |
| 381 | 42:25 | With more eyes on the lookout the wildebeest and zebra join the baboons. | 随着更多的眼睛在了望，角马和斑马加入狒狒。 | |
| 383 | 42:40 | The primates know how to get exactly what they want from the grass. | 灵长类动物知道如何从草地上得到他们想要的东西。 | |
| 385 | 43:00 | The zebra make up for their lack of opposable thumbs with delicate lips that efficiently pluck even the shortest blades. | 斑马用娇嫩的嘴唇弥补了它们拇指的不足，即使是最短的刀刃也能有效地拔出。 | |
| 388 | 43:14 | Zebra are adapted to subsist on a variety of grass types. | 斑马适应在各种各样的草上生存。 | |
| 389 | 43:18 | Whereas the wildebeest rely on short,tender growth. | 而角马则依靠短而嫩的生长。 | |
| 390 | 43:23 | Both of these grazers take advantage of the baboons' company while it lasts. | 这两种食草动物都利用狒狒的陪伴。 | |
| 392 | 43:32 | Come nightfall,the troop will be vulnerable here. | 夜幕降临，军队在这里会很脆弱。 | |
| 393 | 43:36 | Once they've eaten their fill they begin their return journey to the safe high ground of the valley's steep walls. | 一旦他们吃饱了，他们就开始返回山谷陡峭墙壁的安全高地。 | |
| 396 | 44:00 | Tomorrow they will repeat the journey taking all they need from the varied environment of lake Manyara National Park. | 明天，他们将从曼亚拉湖国家公园的各种环境中，带着他们所需要的一切，重复这段旅程。 | |
| 399 | 44:25 | Lake Manyara's lush valley is the living legacy of past violent upheavals. | 曼雅拉湖郁郁葱葱的山谷是过去暴力动乱留下的鲜活遗产。 | |
| 401 | 44:40 | Rich soils combine with flowing water to fuel growth in abundance. | 肥沃的土壤与流动的水相结合，促进了大量的生长。 | |
| 403 | 44:57 | The many creatures that live here find food ... | 生活在这里的许多生物都在寻找食物。。。 | |
| 405 | 45:02 | and shelter in plenty. | 有足够的庇护所。 | |
| 406 | 45:10 | From generation to generation they make use of Manyara's resources as best they know how. | 他们一代又一代地尽其所能利用曼雅拉的资源。 | |
| 409 | 45:29 | Filling each niche from its foothill forests to the watery haven of its great lake. | 从它的山麓森林到它的大湖的水上天堂，填满了每一个壁龛。 | |
| 第 3 集 The.Simien.Mountains 33333333333333333 | |
| 1 | 00:06 | Ethiopia. | 埃塞俄比亚。 | |
| 2 | 00:12 | Home to some of the rarest creatures on earth. | 地球上最稀有生物的家园。 | |
| 3 | 00:24 | Many of which are found nowhere else. | 其中许多在别处找不到。 | |
| 4 | 00:36 | Here every day is a battle for survival Among enchanted forests and Alpine giants. | 在这里，每天都是魔法森林和高山巨人之间的生存之战。 | |
| 7 | 00:52 | These are the Simien mountains - the roof of Africa. | 这就是四门山——非洲的屋顶。 | |
| 9 | 01:05 | In the north east of Africa there's a place where animals tread precarious paths through the clouds. | 在非洲东北部，有一个地方，动物在云层中踏出不稳定的小路。 | |
| 15 | 01:53 | Fog shrouds the fertile earth and fills the clean air. | 雾笼罩着肥沃的土地，弥漫着洁净的空气。 | |
| 17 | 02:06 | Plants grow in abundance from the mystical to the bizarre. | 从神秘到奇异，植物大量生长。 | |
| 20 | 02:18 | Among the peaks live creatures found only here. | 在群峰之中，只有在这里才能找到活生生的生物。 | |
| 22 | 02:36 | They are mountain specialists cut off from the outside world for eons by cliffs plunging 5,000 feet. | 他们是山区专家，被5000英尺的悬崖切断了与外界的联系。 | |
| 25 | 02:53 | Life here has evolved to thrive in this isolated alpine environment. | 在这个与世隔绝的高山环境中，这里的生命已经进化到茁壮成长。 | |
| 27 | 03:07 | Days average a full 35 degrees Fahrenheit colder than the surrounding lowlands. | 白天平均温度比周围低地低35华氏度。 | |
| 29 | 03:15 | Nights regularly plummet below freezing. | 夜晚经常降到冰点以下。 | |
| 30 | 03:23 | Clouds roll in without a moment's notice eradicating visibility. | 云层滚滚而来，一刻也没有注意到能见度的消失。 | |
| 32 | 03:31 | Sure-footedness is essential for survival. | 脚踏实地是生存所必需的。 | |
| 33 | 03:41 | This highland domain is in the northern corner of Ethiopia. | 这片高地位于埃塞俄比亚的北角。 | |
| 34 | 03:51 | The Simien Mountains National Park covers just less than 85 square miles. | 思明山国家公园占地不到85平方英里。 | |
| 36 | 04:00 | It includes some of the country's most spectacular terrain. | 它包括一些国家最壮观的地形。 | |
| 38 | 04:09 | These mountains that reach more than 14,800 feet high originated through volcanic activity 40 million years ago. | 这些高达14800英尺的山脉起源于4000万年前的火山活动。 | |
| 41 | 04:21 | As thick layers of erupting lava cooled and accumulated on the surface they were raised to even greater elevations by a giant plume of magma beneath the earth's crust. | 当厚厚的喷发熔岩层冷却并堆积在地表时，它们被地壳下方的巨大岩浆柱抬升到更高的高度。 | |
| 45 | 04:38 | Millennia of erosion carved out the sheer precipices seen today leaving towering peaks and high plateaus. | 几千年的侵蚀刻出了今天所见的陡峭悬崖，留下了高耸的山峰和高原。 | |
| 48 | 04:53 | Mystical trees grow on the slopes below 12,000 feet. | 神秘的树木生长在12000英尺以下的斜坡上。 | |
| 49 | 05:02 | Remarkably these tree heaths are a type of heather also called Erica. | 值得注意的是，这些树石南是一种石南，也叫艾丽卡。 | |
| 51 | 05:11 | Rooted in rich volcanic soil here they transcend the lowly shrubs of their family to become forests. | 它们扎根于丰富的火山土壤中，超越了家族的低矮灌木，变成了森林。 | |
| 54 | 05:29 | As wind pushes warm lowland air up the mountains it condenses to flood the forests in fog. | 当风把温暖的低地空气推到山上时，它凝结成雾，淹没了森林。 | |
| 56 | 05:39 | It's a blanket of life-giving moisture. | 这是给生命带来水分的毯子。 | |
| 57 | 06:02 | But the fog isn't the only visitor in the Erica forest this morning. | 但是雾并不是今天早上唯一一个来到艾丽卡森林的游客。 | |
| 59 | 06:08 | A group of Geladas has started its journey to the mountain's higher plateaus where they'll spend the day feeding in the grasslands. | 一群吉拉达人已经开始了前往高山高原的旅程，他们将在那里度过在草原上觅食的一天。 | |
| 62 | 06:25 | It's a daily trip they make between feeding grounds up high and their resting place lower down the mountain. | 这是它们每天在高处的觅食地和山下的休息地之间的一次旅行。 | |
| 64 | 06:46 | Every step of the way is a game for the youngsters and they use the mountain as their playground. | 这条路的每一步都是年轻人的游戏，他们把山作为他们的游乐场。 | |
| 66 | 07:26 | Geladas are the last remaining species of a once abundant group of exclusively grass-grazing primates. | 吉拉达是曾经丰富的专门放牧的灵长类动物中仅存的最后一个物种。 | |
| 68 | 07:38 | Today their sole refuge is the mountains of Ethiopia where lush high-altitude grasses grow in abundance. | 今天他们唯一的避难所是埃塞俄比亚的山区，那里生长着茂盛的高海拔草。 | |
| 70 | 07:56 | Social bonds rule the dynamics of the group. | 社会纽带控制着群体的动态。 | |
| 71 | 08:07 | Although the bold male seems to be in charge of his harem it's the females that make the decisions here. | 尽管勇敢的男性似乎在掌管他的后宫，但在这里，是女性做出了决定。 | |
| 73 | 08:17 | Including whether or not he can stay. | 包括他是否能留下来。 | |
| 74 | 08:23 | If he does not groom his harem enough they'll choose another male to replace him. | 如果他对后宫的修饰不够，他们会选另一个男人来代替他。 | |
| 76 | 08:38 | Geladas are incredibly vocal creatures. | 蜥蜴是非常有声音的生物。 | |
| 77 | 08:43 | Their call,known as a 'wobble' is more complex than the basic noises uttered by most primates. | 它们的叫声被称为“摆动”，比大多数灵长类动物发出的基本声音更为复杂。 | |
| 79 | 08:54 | While many other species will show familiarity through lip smacking the Geladas are the only non-human primate to make the complex mouth movements and vocalize at the same time. | 虽然许多其他物种会通过拍打嘴唇来表现出熟悉，但Geladas是唯一一种同时进行复杂口腔运动和发声的非人灵长类动物。 | |
| 84 | 09:17 | Theirs is the closest equivalent to human speech in the natural world. | 他们的语言是自然界中最接近人类语言的语言。 | |
| 86 | 09:28 | For the juveniles play is more interesting than casual conversation. | 对于青少年来说，玩耍比随意交谈更有趣。 | |
| 88 | 09:44 | For these youngsters baring teeth is used as a playful expression like laughing. | 对这些年轻人来说，露齿是一种嬉戏的表情，就像笑一样。 | |
| 91 | 09:52 | Like people Geladas display what's known as Rapid Facial Mimicry - The automatic mimicking of each other's expressions that shows shared excitement during play. | 像人一样，Geladas也表现出所谓的快速面部模仿，即自动模仿对方的表情，在游戏中表现出共同的兴奋。 | |
| 95 | 10:18 | This helps to promote social unity and it's most frequent between mothers and infants. | 这有助于促进社会团结，这是最常见的母亲和婴儿之间。 | |
| 97 | 10:40 | With the adults preoccupied the youngsters continue to monkey around. | 大人心事重重，年轻人继续胡闹。 | |
| 99 | 10:51 | And the knobbly tree heaths are the ultimate jungle gym. | 多节的树丛是终极的丛林健身房。 | |
| 100 | 11:45 | The juveniles aren't the only ones using the trees to their advantage. | 青少年并不是唯一利用这些树的人。 | |
| 102 | 12:02 | Masses of lichen,aptly named "old man's beard" clings to the gnarled branches. | 成堆的苔藓，恰如其分地被称为“老人的胡须”，附着在多节的树枝上。 | |
| 104 | 12:13 | Lichens are unique organisms - part fungi,part algae. | 地衣是一种独特的生物，一部分是真菌，一部分是藻类。 | |
| 106 | 12:31 | They only grow in the cleanest air. | 它们只在最清洁的空气中生长。 | |
| 107 | 12:37 | The mass of old man's beard in these highlands is a testament to the purity of the environment. | 在这些高地上，老人的胡须是环境纯洁的明证。 | |
| 109 | 12:48 | Although the lichen gives little to its host it does offer some assistance to another hilltop inhabitant. | 尽管苔藓对宿主的帮助很小，但它确实能为另一个山顶居民提供一些帮助。 | |
| 111 | 13:05 | Resourceful Thick-billed ravens use the land's materials to their advantage. | 足智多谋的厚嘴乌鸦利用土地的材料，以他们的优势。 | |
| 113 | 13:16 | This pair of scavengers will use the soft lichen as bedding for their nest which they will build high up on the cliffs. | 这对食腐动物会用柔软的苔藓做窝的铺垫，它们会在悬崖上筑巢。 | |
| 116 | 13:25 | They are the biggest birds with feet evolved specifically for perching with three toes forward and one backward. | 它们是最大的鸟，它们的脚是专门为栖息而进化的，三个脚趾向前，一个脚趾向后。 | |
| 119 | 13:52 | These birds live only in the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea. | 这些鸟只生活在埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚的高地上。 | |
| 121 | 14:00 | They thrive here amongst the peaks. | 它们在这里群峰中茁壮成长。 | |
| 122 | 14:13 | But it's another scavenger that excels in this vertical realm more than any other bird. | 但它是另一种在垂直领域比其他鸟类更出色的食腐动物。 | |
| 124 | 14:39 | The cliffs alongside a cascading waterfall provide perfect nesting sites for Ruppell's vultures. | 瀑布旁边的悬崖为鲁贝尔的秃鹫提供了完美的筑巢场所。 | |
| 126 | 14:56 | These birds,known collectively as a wake form breeding colonies that can reach an astounding 2,000 members. | 这些鸟，统称为尾迹，形成繁殖群体，可达到惊人的2000名成员。 | |
| 129 | 15:12 | The Ruppell's vulture is the highest-flying bird on the planet. | 鲁佩尔秃鹫是地球上飞得最高的鸟。 | |
| 131 | 15:22 | They can reach heights of 37,000 feet - the same flying altitude as a commercial airplane. | 它们可以达到37000英尺的高度——与商用飞机的飞行高度相同。 | |
| 133 | 15:35 | Their entire biochemistry is specifically adapted for this. | 他们的整个生物化学都是专门为此而调整的。 | |
| 134 | 15:40 | Specialized hemoglobin enables the birds to efficiently absorb more oxygen at low air pressure allowing them to survive at such elevations. | 特殊的血红蛋白能使鸟类在低气压下有效地吸收更多的氧气，使它们能够在这样的海拔下生存。 | |
| 138 | 16:03 | Weighing in at almost 20 pounds they are among the largest of the vultures. | 它们体重将近20磅，是最大的秃鹫之一。 | |
| 140 | 16:14 | In order to lift this bulk their wings spread to over 8 feet from tip to tip. | 为了举起这个大块头，它们的翅膀从一个尖端伸展到另一个尖端超过8英尺。 | |
| 142 | 16:26 | They have exceptional eyesight and use the strong thermal winds to search for carrion on the cliffs below. | 他们有着非凡的视力，利用强烈的热风在下面的悬崖上寻找腐肉。 | |
| 145 | 16:49 | They'll never hunt live prey which sometimes means they must fly up to 95 miles from their roosting site in search of dead meat. | 它们永远不会捕杀活的猎物，这有时意味着它们必须飞到离栖息地95英里的地方去寻找死肉。 | |
| 149 | 17:01 | When they find it their might helps them make the most of it. | 当他们找到它时，他们的力量会帮助他们充分利用它。 | |
| 151 | 17:13 | With many scavengers patrolling the peaks the Ruppell's vultures must often bully other birds off a carcass. | 由于许多食腐动物在山顶巡逻，鲁贝尔的秃鹫必须经常欺负其他鸟类的尸体。 | |
| 154 | 17:26 | And today will be no different. | 今天也一样。 | |
| 155 | 17:35 | As the morning heats up and thermals rise up the mountains birds of many other species take to the skies in search of a meal. | 当早晨越来越热，山上的热量也越来越高，许多其他种类的鸟类都会飞上天空寻找食物。 | |
| 158 | 18:01 | Although Ruppell's vultures are the highest fliers they're not the fastest. | 尽管鲁佩尔的秃鹫飞得最高，但它们并不是最快的。 | |
| 160 | 18:14 | A conspiracy of Thick-billed ravens beats them to the remains of a small antelope. | 一群厚嘴乌鸦的阴谋把它们打成了一只小羚羊的残骸。 | |
| 162 | 18:26 | For these scavengers,this is the jackpot. | 对这些拾荒者来说，这是头奖。 | |
| 163 | 18:35 | They start with the tastiest section of the animal - the intestines and the precious fat. | 它们从动物最美味的部分开始——肠和珍贵的脂肪。 | |
| 165 | 18:51 | They must eat quickly; it won't be long before other scavengers catch drift of the free meal. | 他们必须吃得快；不久其他拾荒者就会发现免费的食物。 | |
| 168 | 19:11 | Like clockwork,more hungry birds start to arrive. | 像发条一样，越来越多的饥饿的鸟儿开始到来。 | |
| 169 | 19:22 | A few Ruppell's vultures are the first uninvited guests to the feast. | 一些鲁贝尔的秃鹫是第一批不速之客。 | |
| 171 | 19:35 | The intruders are six times heavier than the Thick-billed ravens so naturally,the ravens move aside. | 入侵者的体重是厚嘴乌鸦的六倍，因此乌鸦很自然地会移到一边。 | |
| 174 | 19:49 | And the vultures tuck in. | 秃鹫们也会蜷缩起来。 | |
| 175 | 20:30 | Sated,the Ruppell's vultures leave and the ravens move back in. | 满足了，鲁贝尔的秃鹫离开了，乌鸦又回来了。 | |
| 177 | 20:40 | One resident glides peacefully above the commotion. | 一位居民在骚乱中平静地滑翔。 | |
| 178 | 20:47 | A colossal and rare Bearded vulture. | 一种巨大而罕见的有胡须的秃鹫。 | |
| 179 | 20:56 | His wingspan extends to 10 feet. | 他的翼展长达10英尺。 | |
| 180 | 21:05 | Although the biggest of these scavengers he will not disturb the ongoing feast. | 虽然这些最大的拾荒者他不会打扰正在进行的盛宴。 | |
| 182 | 21:23 | The meat doesn't interest him. | 他对肉不感兴趣。 | |
| 183 | 21:25 | He's after the bones - Which comprise up to 90 percent of his diet. | 他追求的是骨头——占他饮食的90%。 | |
| 185 | 21:37 | He finds a perch nearby and waits for the meat-eating frenzy to end. | 他在附近找到一个栖木，等着吃肉的狂热结束。 | |
| 187 | 21:51 | A Tawny eagle plans his approach. | 一只黄褐色的老鹰计划着他的接近。 | |
| 188 | 22:00 | His attempt at a flyby snatch fails and he descends to join the fray. | 他在飞过抓举的尝试失败，他下降加入战斗。 | |
| 190 | 22:12 | Tawny eagles are notorious for stealing kills from other predators and scavengers. | 黄褐色的老鹰是臭名昭著的偷杀其他食肉动物和食腐动物。 | |
| 192 | 22:22 | But the carcass is too heavy and he must settle for eating in the company of others. | 但是尸体太重了，他必须在别人的陪伴下吃。 | |
| 194 | 22:42 | His presence doesn't go down well with a returning Ruppell's vulture. | 他的出现和一只归来的鲁佩尔秃鹫不太合拍。 | |
| 196 | 23:01 | But eventually the eagle is allowed to stay. | 但最终老鹰还是被允许留下来了。 | |
| 197 | 23:05 | The ravens continue to play it safe on the sidelines. | 乌鸦队继续在场边稳操胜券。 | |
| 198 | 23:16 | Patience appears to be their only option. | 耐心似乎是他们唯一的选择。 | |
| 199 | 23:28 | With every morsel of the antelope devoured the crowds disperse. | 羚羊一吃一口，人群就散了。 | |
| 201 | 23:35 | All that is left is the skeleton. | 只剩下骨架了。 | |
| 203 | 23:43 | And now is the time for the Bearded vulture to descend. | 现在是秃鹫降落的时候了。 | |
| 204 | 23:50 | These birds are the only creatures on earth that feed almost entirely on bone. | 这些鸟是地球上唯一几乎完全以骨头为食的生物。 | |
| 206 | 23:59 | Their incredibly acidic stomachs can easily digest bones weighing up to 9 pounds. | 它们异常酸性的胃可以很容易地消化重达9磅的骨头。 | |
| 208 | 24:25 | It's been a successful afternoon for the scavengers and this meal will last them a few days. | 对于拾荒者来说，这是一个成功的下午，这顿饭将持续几天。 | |
| 210 | 24:33 | Nothing goes to waste here. | 这里什么都不会浪费。 | |
| 211 | 24:52 | For the Geladas on a lower plateau feeding is a far more relaxed affair. | 对于高原较低的加拉达人来说，喂食是一件轻松得多的事情。 | |
| 213 | 25:12 | For many of Africa's other large primates first access to food is a fiercely enforced privilege of high rankers. | 对于非洲其他许多大型灵长类动物来说，第一次获得食物是一种被严格执行的特权。 | |
| 216 | 25:23 | But competition for resources is virtually non-existent between Geladas. | 但是，在加拉达之间，对资源的竞争实际上是不存在的。 | |
| 218 | 25:33 | The lush grass that feeds the troop grows abundantly in the rich soil well watered by fog and rain. | 滋润着部队的茂盛的草，在被雾和雨浇灌过的肥沃的土壤里生长得很茂盛。 | |
| 221 | 25:49 | It's enough to satisfy even the biggest troop. | 即使是最庞大的军队也能满足。 | |
| 222 | 26:02 | Geladas have a distinct feeding technique of sitting upright shuffling forward as they pluck the tender blades with opposable thumbs And their quadrifid bottoms provide plenty of cushioning. | 蜥蜴有一种独特的进食技巧，直立坐着，拖着脚步向前，用对向的拇指拨动柔嫩的叶片，四裂的底部提供了足够的缓冲。 | |
| 226 | 26:30 | Now,after the mid-year rains they eat both lush blades and seeds. | 现在，在年中的雨季过后，它们吃掉了茂盛的叶片和种子。 | |
| 228 | 26:39 | In a month's time many more grasses will seed,and the grain will make up as much as 70 percent of the Gelada's diet. | 在一个月的时间里，更多的草将播种，谷物将构成多达百分之七十的格拉达的饮食。 | |
| 230 | 26:51 | In the drier times of January and February they will turn to the rhizomes for sustenance. | 在干燥的一月和二月，它们会以根茎为生。 | |
| 232 | 27:04 | Whatever the season they can rely on the Simiens' grass to satisfy their hunger. | 无论什么季节，他们都可以依靠猿猴的草来充饥。 | |
| 235 | 27:17 | While the Gelada's staple grass carpets great swathes of the plateaus there are some species that occupy only specific niches. | 虽然格拉达的主要草毯覆盖了高原的大片地区，但也有一些物种只占据特定的生态位。 | |
| 238 | 27:35 | Fiery Red hot pokers dot the crevices of the high escarpment at around 13,000 feet. | 火红滚烫的扑克牌点缀着13000英尺高的悬崖的裂缝。 | |
| 241 | 27:48 | Less rain falls in these highest reaches of the mountains meaning more constant sunshine. | 在这些山脉的最高处，降雨减少意味着阳光更加恒定。 | |
| 243 | 27:57 | Water gathers in gullies making a suitable habitat for these thirsty plants. | 水聚集在沟壑中，为这些干渴的植物提供了合适的栖息地。 | |
| 245 | 28:07 | With ample light and moisture the Red hot pokers can flower year-round; Which means they always have an array of fluttering visitors drinking their nectar. | 在充足的光照和湿度下，火红的扑克牌可以全年开花；这意味着它们总是有一排飘飘然的游客在喝它们的花蜜。 | |
| 249 | 28:33 | Sunbirds and starlings are the main beneficiaries. | 太阳鸟和椋鸟是主要的受益者。 | |
| 250 | 28:41 | The Red hot poker has evolved to take full advantage of the constant throngs of hungry birds and insects. | 红热扑克已经进化到充分利用饥饿的鸟类和昆虫不断成群结队的优势。 | |
| 253 | 28:52 | As the plant grows in height the flowers blossom sequentially. | 当植物长得很高时，花开得很快。 | |
| 255 | 29:01 | Thus not all flowers are on display at once rationing the nectar throughout the year. | 因此，并不是所有的花都能在一年中一次配给花蜜。 | |
| 257 | 29:11 | This increases the plant's chances of being pollinated allowing the species to thrive. | 这增加了植物授粉的机会，使物种得以繁衍生息。 | |
| 259 | 29:28 | On the plateau above the expansive alpine grass is more than just fodder for Geladas. | 在高原上，辽阔的高山草丛不仅仅是吉拉达的饲料。 | |
| 262 | 29:42 | It is home to a female Abyssinian grass rat. | 这是一只雌性阿比西尼亚草鼠的家。 | |
| 263 | 29:48 | Although restricted to Ethiopia and Eritrea this species is plentiful in these areas. | 虽然仅限于埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚，但该物种在这些地区非常丰富。 | |
| 265 | 30:05 | She lacks any defense against predators and must always be alert. | 她缺乏任何抵抗捕食者的能力，必须时刻保持警惕。 | |
| 267 | 30:14 | Especially because she has a pup to care for. | 尤其是因为她要照顾一只小狗。 | |
| 268 | 30:21 | While she goes on the search for seeds and bugs to eat he remains close to the safety of their burrow. | 当她继续寻找种子和虫子吃，他仍然接近安全的洞穴。 | |
| 270 | 30:42 | With the arrival of fog the rats' visibility is compromised and foraging is especially risky for the mother. | 随着大雾的到来，老鼠的能见度受到影响，觅食对母亲来说尤其危险。 | |
| 273 | 30:56 | The hasty homeward dash comes just in time. | 匆忙的返乡之旅来得正是时候。 | |
| 274 | 31:06 | A lurking Augur buzzard is on the lookout for a tasty snack. | 一只潜伏的占卜秃鹰正在寻找美味的小吃。 | |
| 275 | 31:17 | Although these rodents are hunted by a variety of highland predators there is one animal in particular that specializes in grass rat stalking. | 尽管这些啮齿动物被各种高原食肉动物猎杀，但有一种动物特别擅长草鼠跟踪。 | |
| 279 | 31:50 | The Simien or Ethiopian wolf lives only above 9,800 feet in Ethiopia's mountaintops. | 埃塞俄比亚狼生活在埃塞俄比亚的山顶上，只有9800英尺高。 | |
| 281 | 32:07 | Fewer than 500 exist in these restricted domains making them the rarest canid in the world and Africa's most threatened carnivore. | 只有不到500只存在于这些受限区域，使它们成为世界上最稀有的犬科动物和非洲最受威胁的食肉动物。 | |
| 284 | 32:24 | They're pack animals,working together to defend territories but always hunting alone. | 他们是群居动物，一起保卫领地，但总是独自狩猎。 | |
| 286 | 32:33 | Highly specialized in their diet grass rats are at the top of their menu. | 在他们的饮食中高度专业化的草鼠是他们菜单上的首选。 | |
| 288 | 32:45 | The wolf's elongated skull allows them to reach into the rat's burrow. | 狼拉长的头骨使它们能够伸进老鼠的洞穴。 | |
| 290 | 32:57 | And just as the grass rats forage during the day so too do the wolves. | 就像草鼠在白天觅食一样，狼也是。 | |
| 292 | 33:11 | This female is on the prowl. | 这只雌性正在四处游荡。 | |
| 293 | 33:15 | Her highly sensitive ears have picked up some movement in the grass. | 她高度敏感的耳朵在草地上听到了一些动静。 | |
| 295 | 33:23 | Unaware of the danger the mother rat has left their burrow to forage once again. | 没有意识到危险，母老鼠又离开洞穴去觅食了。 | |
| 297 | 33:47 | A fatal mistake. | 致命的错误。 | |
| 298 | 33:53 | The baby will be forced to fend for himself from now on. | 从现在起这个婴儿将被迫自理。 | |
| 299 | 33:56 | While wolves are arguably the Simiens' most special inhabitants there is another life form in these highest reaches that is undoubtedly the mountains' strangest. | 虽然狼可以说是猿猴最特别的居民，但在这些最高的山脉中，还有另一种生命形式无疑是最奇怪的。 | |
| 303 | 34:17 | A plant of absurd proportions flourishes up here. | 一种奇怪的植物在这里生长。 | |
| 304 | 34:24 | It's known as the Giant lobelia. | 它被称为巨型半边莲。 | |
| 305 | 34:34 | It's the tallest plant on the Afro-alpine plateau and can reach the height of a 3 story building. | 它是非洲阿尔卑斯高原上最高的植物，可以达到三层楼的高度。 | |
| 307 | 34:43 | This conspicuous growth enables it to cope with the extreme temperature swings that occur high in the mountains. | 这种显著的增长使它能够应对高山上发生的极端温度波动。 | |
| 310 | 34:56 | Temperature fluctuations are particularly severe at ground level so the lobelia's large stem helps to protect its delicate leaves and flowers by raising them up above the ground. | 温度波动在地面上尤为严重，所以半边莲的大茎有助于保护其娇嫩的叶子和花朵，使它们高出地面。 | |
| 315 | 35:16 | Raised in this way the flowers can grow in towering clusters called inflorescences attracting the usual suspects to pollinate them. | 用这种方法培育出来的花可以长成高耸的簇状，称为花序，吸引通常的嫌疑犯为它们授粉。 | |
| 319 | 35:56 | Even in these highest reaches of the mountain fog is a common visitor. | 即使在这些最高峰，雾也是常客。 | |
| 321 | 36:06 | It nourishes the flora with its regular supply of moisture. | 它有规律地提供水分来滋养植物群。 | |
| 322 | 36:13 | It rolls swiftly up the mountain slopes enveloping the landscape. | 它迅速地向山坡上滚动，包围着整个风景。 | |
| 324 | 36:24 | A peculiar shape looms through the mist - The impressive horns of the endangered Walia ibex. | 一个奇特的形状在雾中隐约出现——濒危野生野山羊令人印象深刻的角。 | |
| 326 | 36:53 | These wild goats are true highland dwellers preferring the highest peaks reaching altitudes of 15,000 feet. | 这些野山羊是真正的高地居民，喜欢海拔15000英尺的最高峰。 | |
| 329 | 37:10 | They mostly eat the old,brown leaves of the Giant lobelia. | 它们主要吃大半边莲的棕色老叶子。 | |
| 330 | 37:17 | These leaves contain fewer of the poisonous alkaloids found in the green leaves. | 这些叶子含有较少的有毒生物碱发现在绿叶。 | |
| 332 | 37:32 | Walia ibex live nowhere beyond these mountains. | 瓦利亚野山羊住在这些山以外的任何地方。 | |
| 333 | 37:41 | Hunted to the brink of extinction there are now only 500 remaining in the wild. | 被猎杀到灭绝边缘的野生动物现在只剩下500只。 | |
| 335 | 37:50 | The steep cliffs of the Simien mountains are their only sanctuary. | 四面山陡峭的悬崖是他们唯一的避难所。 | |
| 337 | 37:58 | Here they are safer. | 在这里他们更安全。 | |
| 338 | 38:03 | Few humans dare to venture where the ibex so casually roam. | 很少有人敢冒险去野山羊如此随意地游荡的地方。 | |
| 340 | 38:14 | They're able to walk steadily on the cliffs well equippe d with their sharp edged and concaved hooves. | 它们能在峭壁上稳稳地行走，而且装备了锋利的、凹形的蹄子。 | |
| 342 | 38:26 | This dominant male is in charge of a mixed herd of females and subordinate males. | 这只占优势的雄性掌管着雌性和从属雄性的混合群体。 | |
| 344 | 38:33 | Breeding season is soon approaching and he'll likely have to fight another male in order to hold onto his harem. | 繁殖季节很快就要到了，为了保住后宫，他很可能要和另一只雄性搏斗。 | |
| 347 | 38:46 | His 3 foot long horns attest to his seniority with every ring signaling a year of life. | 他的三英尺长的角证明了他的资历，每一个戒指都预示着一年的生命。 | |
| 349 | 39:05 | The females differ dramatically from their leader. | 雌鸟和它们的首领有很大的不同。 | |
| 350 | 39:13 | Their horns are far more slender shorter and less curved than the males'. | 它们的角比雄性的要细得多，短得多，弯曲得少。 | |
| 352 | 39:33 | These kids were conceived during a breeding peak between March and May. | 这些孩子是在三月到五月的繁殖高峰期怀上的。 | |
| 354 | 39:42 | Born in September during the lush times after the rains they have the best possible start to life. | 他们出生在九月，正值雨后的郁郁葱葱时期，有着最好的人生开端。 | |
| 356 | 39:51 | They're still clumsy and have a lot to learn about their precariously high home. | 他们还是笨手笨脚的，对于他们那摇摇欲坠的居所还有很多东西要学。 | |
| 358 | 40:14 | Back down on the lowest plateau the Geladas have spent the day feeding. | 回到最低的高原上，吉拉达一整天都在觅食。 | |
| 360 | 40:28 | The sun will set in a few hours and the troop needs to start their descent to the cave they will sleep in. | 几个小时后太阳就要落山了，部队需要开始降落到他们要睡觉的山洞里。 | |
| 362 | 40:39 | The air is warmer at the bottom of the mountain and makes for a secure home base. | 山脚下的空气比较暖和，是一个安全的家园。 | |
| 364 | 40:53 | But,as usual,the youngsters aren't quite ready to leave. | 但是，像往常一样，年轻人还没有准备好离开。 | |
| 365 | 40:59 | A game of cat and mouse delays the departure. | 一场猫捉老鼠的游戏推迟了出发时间。 | |
| 366 | 41:39 | Although Geladas aren't an aggressive species the youngsters use every opportunity to play rough in this soft grassy landscape. | 虽然吉拉达并不是一个侵略性的物种，但年轻人利用一切机会在这片柔软的草地上玩耍。 | |
| 369 | 42:04 | Even the youngest tries to join in the fun But mum soon whisks him away. | 即使是最小的孩子也想参加，但妈妈很快就把他赶走了。 | |
| 371 | 42:23 | He's only about a month old and will be totally dependent on his mother's milk for the next eleven months. | 他只有一个月大，在接下来的11个月里，他将完全依赖母亲的乳汁。 | |
| 374 | 42:38 | Eating grass is completely unnecessary for him at this time in his life. | 在他生命的这个时候，吃草是完全没有必要的。 | |
| 376 | 42:50 | But he still tries his best to mimic his mother. | 但他还是尽力模仿母亲。 | |
| 377 | 43:06 | As the sun starts to set over the mountains the charismatic Geladas begin their downward journey. | 当太阳开始在山上落下时，魅力四射的格拉达人开始了他们向下的旅程。 | |
| 379 | 43:18 | The adults have had their share of food while the youngsters have had their share of fun. | 成年人有他们的食物份额，而年轻人有他们的乐趣份额。 | |
| 381 | 43:37 | The juveniles will soon mature. | 这些幼鱼很快就会成熟。 | |
| 382 | 43:40 | And a new generation of youngsters will take over the mountain as their own playground. | 新一代的年轻人将把这座山作为他们自己的游乐场。 | |
| 384 | 44:31 | In a land of dizzying heights and sudden precipices life treads a fine line. | 在一个有着令人眩晕的高度和突如其来的悬崖的土地上，生活走在一条细线上。 | |
| 386 | 44:43 | Isolated from the world below these plants and animals have evolved to make best use of their lush but limited environment. | 这些与世隔绝的动植物已经进化到能充分利用它们繁茂但有限的环境。 | |
| 390 | 45:01 | This specialization means many have nowhere else to go. | 这种专业化意味着许多人无处可去。 | |
| 391 | 45:26 | The Simien Mountains National Park stands as a stronghold of hope for these creatures. | 四面山国家公园是这些生物的希望之地。 | |
| 393 | 45:40 | Here endangered species can live on. | 濒危物种可以在这里生存。 | |
| 394 | 45:45 | Making their homes in the roof of Africa. | 在非洲的屋顶上安家。 | |
| 第 4 集 The.Southern.Drylands 44444444444444444 | |
| 1 | 00:06 | The southern drylands of Africa are some of the most arid and treacherous on earth. | 非洲南部旱地是地球上最干旱、最危险的地区之一。 | |
| 3 | 00:16 | Places of wind whipped sand dunes and slowly crumbling mountains. | 风吹拂着沙丘和慢慢崩塌的山脉。 | |
| 5 | 00:24 | Where the scars of dead rivers remain Closely guarded by the sun. | 在那里，死河的伤痕依然被太阳紧紧地守护着。 | |
| 7 | 00:33 | Here some remarkable desert specialists have adapted to exist almost without water. | 在这里，一些著名的沙漠专家已经适应了几乎没有水的环境。 | |
| 9 | 00:46 | Theirs are the secrets to survival in this hostile realm - This is the story of southern Africa's Greatest Drylands. | 他们是在这个充满敌意的领域生存的秘密——这是南部非洲最大的旱地的故事。 | |
| 11 | 01:04 | In the sandy interior of south west Africa's Namib desert two elephant bulls are on the move. | 在非洲西南部纳米布沙漠的沙质内陆，两只大象公牛正在移动。 | |
| 17 | 02:15 | They're searching for water. | 他们在找水。 | |
| 18 | 02:25 | In a place like this their quest is long and by no means guaranteed. | 在这样一个地方，他们的追求是漫长的，决不能保证。 | |
| 20 | 02:36 | For the Namib has almost no surface water. | 因为纳米布几乎没有地表水。 | |
| 21 | 02:48 | The elephants have little choice but to continue their trek. | 大象别无选择，只能继续跋涉。 | |
| 22 | 02:58 | Only those animals and plants specifically adapted to desert life can live here. | 只有那些特别适应沙漠生活的动植物才能在这里生存。 | |
| 24 | 03:08 | They each know the secret of this place. | 他们都知道这个地方的秘密。 | |
| 25 | 03:20 | Although invisible for the most part moisture has never completely abandoned the Namib. | 尽管在很大程度上看不见湿气，但它从未完全抛弃纳米布。 | |
| 27 | 03:36 | The key to living here is learning how to find it. | 住在这里的关键是学会如何找到它。 | |
| 29 | 03:53 | For these ultimate desert wanderers,the search continues. | 对于这些最终的沙漠流浪者来说，搜寻还在继续。 | |
| 30 | 04:05 | Namibia contains some of the most arid environments on earth. | 纳米比亚拥有地球上最干旱的环境。 | |
| 31 | 04:13 | Much of which receives less than 1 inch of annual rain. | 其中大部分地区的年降雨量不足1英寸。 | |
| 32 | 04:19 | These are the southern drylands. | 这些是南方的旱地。 | |
| 33 | 04:25 | Remote and barren landscapes of desolate beauty. | 荒芜荒芜的风景。 | |
| 34 | 04:36 | There are giants here that dwarf even the mighty elephants. | 这里有巨人，甚至使强大的大象都相形见绌。 | |
| 36 | 04:47 | These wind-whipped hulks are some of the largest sand dunes in the world. | 这些被风吹动的绿巨人是世界上最大的沙丘之一。 | |
| 38 | 04:59 | They dominate the coastline of the Atlantic ocean. | 它们控制着大西洋的海岸线。 | |
| 39 | 05:04 | And extend inland into a sea of sand as beautiful as it is hazardous. | 向内陆延伸到一片美丽而又危险的沙海。 | |
| 41 | 05:13 | This is one of the driest places in Africa. | 这是非洲最干燥的地方之一。 | |
| 42 | 05:20 | Where rain is practically non-existent. | 几乎不下雨的地方。 | |
| 43 | 05:28 | Yet there is life here. | 然而这里有生命。 | |
| 44 | 05:34 | Its support system is carried in from the sea. | 它的支撑系统是从海上运来的。 | |
| 45 | 05:46 | Arriving as life-bringing fog. | 像生命带来的雾一样到来。 | |
| 46 | 05:57 | As the cold ocean cools the prevalent south westerly wind it creates fog,which blows in towards the land. | 当寒冷的海洋冷却了盛行的西南风时，它产生了雾，雾向陆地吹来。 | |
| 48 | 06:09 | Here it spreads a vital but fleeting layer of moisture up to 37 miles inland - allowing life to take a precarious but lasting hold on the sandy landscape. | 在这里，它传播了一层至关重要但转瞬即逝的湿气，向内陆延伸了37英里，让生命在这片沙质的土地上获得了不稳定但持久的维系。 | |
| 52 | 06:43 | Even with this minute daily veil of moisture those that live here have to be exceptionally good at solving the problems of living in a super-heated land. | 即使每天都有一层薄薄的湿气，住在这里的人也必须非常善于解决生活在过热土地上的问题。 | |
| 55 | 07:03 | The Namib sand gecko's huge eyes and pale,almost translucent skin make it appear poorly equipped for the rigors of desert life. | 纳米布沙壁虎的大眼睛和苍白，几乎半透明的皮肤，使它似乎缺乏装备的严酷的沙漠生活。 | |
| 58 | 07:22 | It has a simple solution to staying cool in the heat - it hides from the sun sleeping under the sand by day where temperatures are less extreme. | 它有一个简单的解决办法，在炎热的天气里保持凉爽——白天在温度不太极端的沙地下睡觉时，它会躲开阳光。 | |
| 62 | 07:39 | This gecko spent the night hunting insects. | 这只壁虎整晚都在捕食昆虫。 | |
| 63 | 07:43 | But now as the desert warms in the morning sun it will soon be forced to retire underground. | 但现在随着沙漠在早晨的阳光下逐渐变暖，它很快就会被迫隐退到地下。 | |
| 65 | 07:53 | But before that it needs to clean its bulbous eyes. | 但在此之前，它需要清理它的球根状眼睛。 | |
| 67 | 08:01 | Which are getting blasted by sand. | 它们被沙子炸掉了。 | |
| 68 | 08:08 | They're its main tools for finding food in the dark and it's of paramount importance that they are kept in good working order. | 它们是它在黑暗中寻找食物的主要工具，保持它们良好的工作状态至关重要。 | |
| 71 | 08:20 | Using a sticky,dexterous tongue the gecko gently wipes any excess grime off its sensitive eye balls. | 壁虎用一个黏糊糊的，灵巧的舌头轻轻地擦去它敏感的眼球上多余的污垢。 | |
| 74 | 08:30 | Now it's time to find a subterranean hideout to avoid the heat of the day. | 现在是时候找一个地下藏身处，以避免一天的炎热。 | |
| 76 | 08:38 | But it's picky about real estate and will only occupy compacted windward facing dunes. | 但它对房地产很挑剔，只会占据紧实的迎风沙丘。 | |
| 78 | 08:48 | Where hard crusts of sand make for a solid roof over its head. | 坚硬的沙层在它头上形成了一个坚固的屋顶。 | |
| 80 | 08:56 | Living on the ground means the Namib sand gecko doesn't need the sticky toes common to most tree dwelling geckos. | 生活在地面上意味着纳米布沙壁虎不需要像大多数树栖壁虎那样黏糊糊的脚趾。 | |
| 83 | 09:05 | It has swopped adhesive ability for another much more useful adaptation. | 它的粘合能力下降到另一个更有用的适应能力。 | |
| 85 | 09:16 | It has shovels for feet. | 它有铲脚。 | |
| 86 | 09:21 | Webbed toes are a rare specialization which help it move loose sand quickly. | 蹼状脚趾是一种罕见的特化，帮助它快速移动松散的沙子。 | |
| 88 | 09:33 | The gecko will emerge again to hunt only in the cover of darkness. | 壁虎将再次出现，只在黑暗的掩护下捕猎。 | |
| 90 | 09:47 | There is another reptile in the southern drylands that has a different solution to life under the baking sun. | 在南部干旱地区还有另一种爬行动物，在炎热的阳光下有着不同的生活方式。 | |
| 93 | 10:05 | Undoubtedly one of the desert's most unusual inhabitants is the Namaqua chameleon. | 毫无疑问，沙漠中最不寻常的居民之一是纳马卡变色龙。 | |
| 95 | 10:15 | Chameleons are often found in lush tropical forests and like her cousins this female Namaqua chameleon has eyes that can swivel independently. | 变色龙经常出现在茂盛的热带森林中，像她的表亲一样，这种雌性的纳玛卡变色龙有一双可以独立旋转的眼睛。 | |
| 99 | 10:26 | She's also cold-blooded and cannot control her body temperature internally. | 她也是冷血动物，无法控制自己的体温。 | |
| 101 | 10:36 | So how does the chameleon manage to regulate body heat in a desert where the temperature can quickly jump from 60 to 140 degrees Fahrenheit? The secret is in her skin. | 那么变色龙是如何在沙漠中调节体温的呢？沙漠中的温度可以从华氏60度迅速上升到华氏140度？秘密在她的皮肤里。 | |
| 105 | 10:51 | It contains pigments and crystals which the chameleon can control to vary her color. | 它含有色素和晶体，变色龙可以控制它们来改变自己的颜色。 | |
| 107 | 11:02 | In the cold mornings when temperatures in the desert are still low the Namaqua chameleon turns her skin a dark brown increasing the amount of heat she can absorb. | 在寒冷的早晨，当沙漠中的温度仍然很低的时候，纳马卡变色龙会使她的皮肤变成深棕色，增加她能吸收的热量。 | |
| 111 | 11:18 | Soon she reaches the upper limit of her preferred body temperature which is about 100 degrees Fahrenheit. | 很快她就达到了她喜欢的体温上限，大约是华氏100度。 | |
| 114 | 11:29 | Now she's at risk of overheating. | 现在她有过热的危险。 | |
| 115 | 11:37 | But the highly adaptive chameleon has a solution. | 但是高度适应的变色龙有一个解决办法。 | |
| 116 | 11:42 | She changes her color again this time to a lighter hue which increases the amount of light reflected off her skin so it will absorb less heat. | 她再次改变她的颜色，这一次，以一个更轻的色调，增加了光线反射到她的皮肤，使它吸收更少的热量。 | |
| 120 | 12:00 | She also flattens her body and points herself towards the sun reducing the surface area directly exposed to the warming rays. | 她还把身体放平，指向太阳，减少了直接暴露在温暖光线下的面积。 | |
| 123 | 12:09 | These incredible adaptations allow the chameleon to keep her body temperature in a comfortable range and remain active all day. | 这些令人难以置信的适应能力使变色龙能够将体温保持在一个舒适的范围内，并全天保持活跃。 | |
| 127 | 12:28 | Though active is a relative term for her relaxed pace. | 虽然活跃是她放松步伐的相对术语。 | |
| 128 | 12:39 | But what exactly does the chameleon eat out here? The answer lies in the green patches of life dotting the sand. | 但是变色龙到底在这里吃什么？答案就在沙滩上点缀着生命的绿片。 | |
| 131 | 12:56 | Few plants are more valuable to the desert's inhabitants than the Narra plant. | 对沙漠居民来说，很少有植物比纳拉植物更有价值。 | |
| 133 | 13:09 | It provides both food and shelter for many animals large and small. | 它为许多大大小小的动物提供食物和住所。 | |
| 135 | 13:25 | Flower buds house a host of insects like these tiny aphids. | 花蕾里有许多昆虫，像这些小蚜虫。 | |
| 137 | 13:47 | This larger bug prefers the ground level for its needs. | 这个较大的虫子更喜欢地面来满足它的需要。 | |
| 138 | 13:53 | The plana beetle is a pedestrian insect meaning it can't fly. | 金龟子是一种步行昆虫，这意味着它不会飞。 | |
| 140 | 14:01 | Right now these three don't need to. | 现在这三个不需要。 | |
| 141 | 14:05 | They are in a hurry. But it's not a race to food that's got these beetles running. | 他们很匆忙。但这些甲虫并不是为了争夺食物而奔跑的。 | |
| 143 | 14:12 | This chase is actually a rather complicated lover's triangle. | 这种追逐其实是一个相当复杂的情人三角。 | |
| 144 | 14:16 | The beetle in front is a female the two behind are eager males. | 前面的甲虫是雌性，后面的两个是雄性。 | |
| 146 | 14:23 | Male plana beetles are single-minded in their quest to reproduce and will attempt to mate whenever they meet females. | 雄性扁甲虫专心致志于繁衍后代，无论何时遇到雌性，它们都会试图交配。 | |
| 149 | 14:36 | But finding the opposite sex is the easy part. | 但是找到异性是很容易的。 | |
| 150 | 14:40 | It's shaking the competition that takes hard work. | 这动摇了需要艰苦努力的竞争。 | |
| 151 | 14:44 | Having such persistent suitors is tiring and she stops between sprints. | 拥有如此执着的追求者是很累的，她会在冲刺之间停下来。 | |
| 153 | 14:52 | One way of dealing with your problems is burying your head in sand. | 处理问题的一种方法是把头埋在沙子里。 | |
| 155 | 15:01 | But this doesn't deter her armored knights. | 但这并不能阻止她的装甲骑士。 | |
| 156 | 15:08 | The moment is ruined by the lack of common courtesy. | 这一刻因缺乏礼貌而毁了。 | |
| 157 | 15:13 | And the chase resumes. | 追逐又开始了。 | |
| 158 | 15:26 | In a moment of confusion the trio splits giving the leading male another chance. | 在混乱的时刻，三人分道扬镳，给了男主角另一个机会。 | |
| 161 | 15:38 | In the race to mate,male plana beetles need speed and size to come out on top. | 在交配的竞争中，雄性扁甲虫需要速度和体形才能脱颖而出。 | |
| 163 | 15:47 | Luckily they are the fastest running beetles in the world. | 幸运的是它们是世界上跑得最快的甲虫。 | |
| 164 | 15:53 | Again the female buries herself. | 雌性再次埋葬自己。 | |
| 165 | 15:57 | This is actually her way of taking shelter for the night. | 这其实是她过夜的方式。 | |
| 166 | 15:59 | But it serves the dual purpose of allowing the male to mate with her and stay above her to guard her against rivals. | 但它的双重目的是让雄性与她交配，并保持在她之上，以防她与对手。 | |
| 169 | 16:12 | The plana beetle isn't the only dryland expert that relies on the Narra fruit for sustenance. | plana甲虫并不是唯一依赖Narra果实为生的旱地专家。 | |
| 171 | 16:21 | By eating moisture-rich melons the handsome oryx can go for long periods of time without drinking allowing it to venture deep into the driest interior. | 通过吃富含水分的西瓜，英俊的大羚羊可以长时间不喝水，让它冒险深入最干燥的内部。 | |
| 175 | 16:43 | But this special antelope has an even more impressive adaptation that lets it stay out in the heat all day long. | 但这种特殊的羚羊有一种更令人印象深刻的适应能力，可以让它整天呆在炎热的环境中。 | |
| 177 | 16:53 | In the sun its body temperature rises slowly but steadily reaching a brutally hot 110 degrees Fahrenheit. | 在太阳下，它的体温缓慢而稳定地上升到华氏110度。 | |
| 179 | 17:02 | If blood at this temperature reaches its brain it would be fatal. | 如果血液在这种温度下到达大脑，那将是致命的。 | |
| 181 | 17:10 | But the oryx has an ingenious 'blood flow radiator' located in its nose . | 但是羚羊的鼻子里有一个别出心裁的“血流辐射器”。 | |
| 183 | 17:18 | This circulates and cools the blood before it reaches the brain. | 在血液到达大脑之前，血液循环并冷却。 | |
| 185 | 17:25 | This system of cooling is crucial to the oryx as it saves vast amounts of water that would otherwise be used in staying cool through sweating. | 这种冷却系统对羚羊来说是至关重要的，因为它可以节省大量的水，而这些水本来可以通过出汗来保持凉爽。 | |
| 188 | 17:37 | This allows it to stay deep in the heat haze for days. | 这使得它能在炎热的雾霾中呆上好几天。 | |
| 189 | 17:48 | Herbivores like the oryx inevitably provide waste which enables the presence of an industrious dryland inhabitant. | 像羚羊这样的食草动物不可避免地会提供废物，这使得勤劳的旱地居民得以生存。 | |
| 191 | 18:00 | The Flightless dung beetle is a hard worker committed to the tireless recycling of animal waste. | 不会飞的粪甲虫是一个勤奋的工作者，致力于不懈地回收动物粪便。 | |
| 193 | 18:13 | But today it's looking for a decent place to dig a hole and escape from the heat. | 但今天，它正在寻找一个体面的地方挖一个洞，逃离炎热。 | |
| 195 | 18:21 | Dung beetles are superbly designed for digging with a broad bulldozer-like head and strong flat forelegs. | 粪甲虫有着像推土机一样宽阔的脑袋和强壮的前腿，非常适合挖掘。 | |
| 198 | 18:37 | But the sand here is loose and difficult to dig. | 但是这里的沙子很松散，很难挖掘。 | |
| 199 | 18:39 | Most dung beetles would simply fly away to a more promising location. | 大多数粪甲虫只会飞到更有希望的地方。 | |
| 201 | 18:48 | But for this species that's not an option. | 但对于这个物种来说，这不是一个选择。 | |
| 202 | 18:54 | It's one of the few dung beetles that cannot fly. | 它是少数不会飞的粪甲虫之一。 | |
| 203 | 19:00 | In a remarkable evolutionary trade-off it has given up the luxury of flight for the necessity of retaining water. | 在一个显著的进化权衡中，它放弃了飞行的奢侈，转而需要保留水分。 | |
| 206 | 19:13 | Breathing out carbon dioxide uses up precious moisture. | 呼出二氧化碳会消耗宝贵的水分。 | |
| 207 | 19:18 | Instead the beetle stores the carbon dioxide in tiny tanks where its inner wings once were. | 取而代之的是，这种甲虫将二氧化碳储存在其内翼曾经所在的小容器中。 | |
| 209 | 19:25 | This reduces its need to breathe and means it only has to 'exhale' once every half hour. | 这减少了它对呼吸的需求，意味着它每半小时只需要“呼气”一次。 | |
| 212 | 19:33 | In one of the driest places in the world being able to conserve every bit of moisture is the difference between surviving and perishing. | 在世界上最干燥的地方之一，能够保存每一点水分是生存和灭亡的区别。 | |
| 215 | 19:44 | But it still doesn't help the beetle find a decent place to dig a hole. | 但这仍然不能帮助甲虫找到一个体面的地方挖洞。 | |
| 217 | 19:58 | Along the coastal dune belt of the southern drylands fog provides enough moisture to support the entire ecosystem. | 沿着南部旱地的海岸沙丘带，雾提供了足够的水分来支撑整个生态系统。 | |
| 219 | 20:14 | In the mountainous northern interior an altogether different water source provides for a more impressive cast of animals. | 在北部多山的内陆地区，一个完全不同的水源为动物提供了一个更令人印象深刻的群体。 | |
| 222 | 20:30 | A dry river bed is all that's left of the body of water that once carved its path through these mountains. | 一条干涸的河床是曾经在这些山脉中留下的河道。 | |
| 225 | 20:45 | Its history is now etched into the desert's sandy surface. | 它的历史现在铭刻在沙漠的沙面上。 | |
| 226 | 20:48 | In times of flood the river may flow briefly before the thirsty sand drags all the moisture underground. | 在洪水泛滥的时候，在干渴的沙子把所有的湿气都拖到地下之前，河水可能会短暂地流过。 | |
| 228 | 20:56 | But for now,the water is only accessible to plants and trees with long roots which can tap the hidden reserves deep in the sand. | 但目前，只有那些长着根的植物和树木才能获得水源，这些植物和树木可以挖掘沙子深处隐藏的保护区。 | |
| 231 | 21:12 | This vegetation sustains a variety of wildlife. | 这种植被维持着各种各样的野生动物。 | |
| 232 | 21:17 | Including the largest land mammal on earth. | 包括地球上最大的陆地哺乳动物。 | |
| 233 | 21:29 | These are desert-adapted elephants that have travelled long distances to this remote river course in search of water. | 这些适应沙漠的大象长途跋涉来到这条遥远的河道寻找水源。 | |
| 237 | 21:40 | This is one of the last herds of desert elephants left in southern Africa. | 这是非洲南部仅存的沙漠象群之一。 | |
| 239 | 21:50 | They are a family of related females and their young led by the matriarch. | 她们是一个有亲属关系的女性家庭，她们的子女由女族长领导。 | |
| 241 | 21:58 | Who is the oldest and most experienced among them. | 谁是他们中年龄最大、经验最丰富的人。 | |
| 242 | 22:01 | The matriarch has been here before and knows that there is enough food for her family and somewhere,hidden in the baking sand water. | 女族长以前来过这里，她知道这里有足够的食物给她的家人和某处，藏在炙热的沙水里。 | |
| 246 | 22:20 | Her challenge is to remember where it is. | 她的挑战是记住它在哪里。 | |
| 247 | 22:29 | The bulls travel separately from the herd and are still far out in the immense desert. | 公牛与牛群分开旅行，仍在遥远的沙漠中。 | |
| 249 | 22:38 | The water source that they're searching for flows invisible beneath the sand for thousands of miles. | 他们正在寻找的水源在数千英里的沙子下面流动。 | |
| 251 | 22:49 | While it supports plants and animals above ground it holds strange secrets below. | 虽然它支撑着地上的动植物，但它却隐藏着奇怪的秘密。 | |
| 253 | 23:00 | Where there is water life always follows. | 哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 | |
| 254 | 23:09 | This underground cave is home to the drylands' rarest creature. | 这个地下洞穴是旱地最稀有生物的家园。 | |
| 255 | 23:16 | The Golden catfish. | 金鲶鱼。 | |
| 256 | 23:20 | A species so rare that it has been found nowhere else in the world. | 一种在世界上其他地方都没有发现的稀有物种。 | |
| 258 | 23:28 | Only a handful of individuals live in this small pool making the Golden catfish critically endangered. | 只有少数个体生活在这个小池塘里，使得金鲶鱼濒临灭绝。 | |
| 260 | 23:35 | Its long,eel like body is an eerie pinky-gold due to a lack of pigmentation. | 由于缺乏色素沉着，它长而像鳗鱼一样的身体变成了诡异的金黄色。 | |
| 262 | 23:45 | The bizarre little fish is totally blind. | 这条奇怪的小鱼完全瞎了。 | |
| 263 | 23:53 | Sight is superfluous when you live in the dark. | 当你生活在黑暗中时，视力是多余的。 | |
| 264 | 23:58 | The Golden catfish have existed in this small water-filled cave for generations. | 金鲶鱼世代生活在这个充满水的小山洞里。 | |
| 266 | 24:11 | So the real question here is - what does it eat? The answer comes from above: Bat droppings. | 所以这里真正的问题是-它吃什么？答案来自上面：蝙蝠的粪便。 | |
| 270 | 24:32 | High in the crevices above bats cling to the crags. | 蝙蝠依附在峭壁上方的缝隙中。 | |
| 272 | 24:41 | Their excrement falls into the pool where the catfish can find it - using their four pairs of thread-like barbels. | 它们的排泄物落入池子里，鲶鱼用它们的四对线状触须就能找到它。 | |
| 275 | 25:06 | The bats thus provide the ghostly fish with a ready meal. | 蝙蝠为幽灵鱼提供了现成的食物。 | |
| 276 | 25:36 | The southern drylands are full of mystery. | 南方的旱地充满了神秘。 | |
| 277 | 25:43 | There are even occurrences that science can't fully account for. | 甚至有一些事件是科学无法完全解释的。 | |
| 278 | 26:08 | These round circles of grass are part of a bizarre phenomenon that remains unexplained. | 这些圆形的草圈是一种奇怪现象的一部分，至今仍无法解释。 | |
| 280 | 26:19 | Fairy circles. | 仙女圈。 | |
| 281 | 26:29 | Most scientists suppose that the fairies who make them may in fact be termites. | 大多数科学家认为制造它们的仙女实际上可能是白蚁。 | |
| 283 | 26:35 | The insects are believed to create the rings by excreting a chemical that stops the growth of the grass in the center of the circles. | 这些昆虫被认为是通过分泌一种化学物质来制造圆环的，这种化学物质可以阻止圆环中心的草生长。 | |
| 286 | 26:47 | But this explanation hasn't been verified and other theories include burrowing animals electromagnetic waves and even grand speculations like UFO landing sites. | 但是这个解释还没有被证实，其他的理论包括穴居动物的电磁波，甚至像不明飞行物着陆点这样的宏大推测。 | |
| 291 | 27:09 | Still the fairy circles remain a great mystery of southern Africa's drylands. | 尽管如此，仙女圈仍然是南部非洲旱地的一大谜团。 | |
| 293 | 27:26 | Grass like that of the fairy circles is incredibly resilient and is considered one of the perennials of the desert biome. | 像仙女圈一样的草具有难以置信的弹性，被认为是沙漠生物群落的多年生植物之一。 | |
| 296 | 27:38 | Along the coastal dunes little else can grow yet it tenaciously clings to the sand. | 沿着海岸沙丘，几乎没有其他地方可以生长，但它顽强地附着在沙滩上。 | |
| 298 | 27:46 | It appears at first glance dry and dead. | 乍一看是干枯的。 | |
| 300 | 27:54 | Indeed for the most part it is until rare and precious rain falls to reawaken it. | 事实上，在大多数情况下，它是直到罕见和宝贵的雨水下跌，以重新唤醒它。 | |
| 302 | 28:08 | Even in a state of suspended animation the grass provides a home for another dune species. | 即使是在悬浮状态下，草也为另一种沙丘物种提供了家园。 | |
| 304 | 28:18 | The Dune ant is a dangerous creature not to be trifled with. | 沙丘蚂蚁是一种危险的生物，不可玩弄。 | |
| 306 | 28:25 | Living in large colonies individuals are equipped with formic acid and powerful jaws which they use to quickly dismember any unwary traveler who comes into their territory. | 生活在大的殖民地里的个体装备有甲酸和强有力的下颚，它们用这些来迅速肢解任何进入它们领土的不小心的旅行者。 | |
| 310 | 28:44 | Each ant has a clearly defined role. | 每只蚂蚁都有一个明确的角色。 | |
| 311 | 28:52 | Communication is the key to smooth operating. | 沟通是顺利运作的关键。 | |
| 312 | 28:55 | This is done through exchanging chemical signals called pheromones. | 这是通过交换称为信息素的化学信号来实现的。 | |
| 314 | 29:09 | These workers in charge of burrow maintenance are receiving an alarming message. | 这些负责地洞维护的工人收到了一条警告信息。 | |
| 316 | 29:23 | Winds have wrought havoc on the entrance of their home beneath the grasses. | 风把他们家的入口吹得乱七八糟。 | |
| 318 | 29:32 | Clumps of sand and twigs are strewn everywhere. | 成堆的沙子和树枝散落在各处。 | |
| 319 | 29:34 | To the tiny insects this is the equivalent of an earthquake or land slide. | 对于微小的昆虫来说，这相当于地震或滑坡。 | |
| 322 | 29:50 | Luckily as a species ants have what would seem to humans like super strength. | 幸运的是，作为一个物种，蚂蚁拥有人类所认为的超强力量。 | |
| 324 | 30:06 | Some estimates suggest that ants can lift up to 50 times their own weight. | 据估计，蚂蚁能举起50倍于自身重量的物体。 | |
| 326 | 30:15 | But will this be enough to clear what compared to the ants look like massive fallen trees? They need to work fast because without the entrance clear the safety of the colony is compromised. | 但这是否足以让我们弄清楚，与蚂蚁相比，它们看起来像是巨大的倒下的树木？他们需要快速工作，因为没有入口，殖民地的安全就会受到威胁。 | |
| 331 | 30:53 | It's a Herculean task but finally their burrow entrance is clear enough that they can continue with their day. | 这是一项艰巨的任务，但最终他们的洞穴入口足够清晰，他们可以继续他们的一天。 | |
| 334 | 31:11 | For these tireless ants life in the more extreme parts of the southern drylands is made possible by the hardy grass. | 对于这些不知疲倦的蚂蚁来说，耐寒的草地使它们能够在南部干旱地区更极端的地方生活。 | |
| 337 | 31:26 | For the elephants one of their lifelines in the desert interior also comes in the form of a very special plant. | 对于大象来说，它们在沙漠内部的一条生命线也是以一种非常特殊的植物的形式出现的。 | |
| 340 | 31:43 | The Faiderbia Albida,or Ana tree is a beacon of support for many in the driest times of the year. | 在一年中最干旱的时候，白桦树是许多人的支柱。 | |
| 342 | 31:54 | Its long roots push down as far as 260 feet to reach deep groundwater allowing them to grow big and produce nutritious green leaves and seed pods. | 它的长根向下延伸到260英尺深的地下水，使它们长得更大，产生营养丰富的绿叶和豆荚。 | |
| 346 | 32:05 | This happens in August late winter in the southern drylands and a time when most trees are dormant. | 这种情况发生在8月南部旱地的冬末，也是大多数树木休眠的时候。 | |
| 349 | 32:17 | It's now that the Ana tree drops its large,nutrient dense seed pods. | 现在，安娜树掉了它的大，营养密集的豆荚。 | |
| 351 | 32:25 | The seeds are one of the reasons the elephants have made the long journey to the area from the desert interior. | 这些种子是大象从沙漠内部长途旅行到该地区的原因之一。 | |
| 353 | 32:33 | For them even the exposed root of an Ana tree can become a potential meal. | 对他们来说，即使是暴露在外的树根也可能成为一顿大餐。 | |
| 355 | 32:44 | But getting it out of the ground is harder than it would first appear even for Africa's most powerful mammal. | 但是，即使是非洲最强大的哺乳动物，要把它从地里弄出来也比第一次出现要困难。 | |
| 358 | 33:07 | Try as she might,she can't get a good grip on the tough root. | 尽管她尽力了，她还是抓不住那根硬根。 | |
| 359 | 33:35 | Finally she gives up in a flush of frustration. | 最后她在一片沮丧中放弃了。 | |
| 360 | 33:56 | The trees also throw wide covers of shade a valuable resource for the elephants. | 这些树还为大象提供了很宽的荫蔽层，这是一种宝贵的资源。 | |
| 362 | 34:06 | They move between the trees picking up seed pods with their dexterous trunks. | 它们在树间移动，用灵巧的树干捡起豆荚。 | |
| 364 | 34:20 | Together the herd travels vast distances across the southern drylands in search of water. | 牛群一起穿越南部干旱地区寻找水源。 | |
| 366 | 34:34 | Their survival is made possible by scarce oases of life in an otherwise barren desert. | 他们的生存是由一个贫瘠的沙漠中稀少的生命绿洲所促成的。 | |
| 368 | 34:52 | There is another animal here that has a more obvious impact on the Ana tree. | 这里还有另一种动物对安娜树有更明显的影响。 | |
| 370 | 35:00 | Their rounded canopies are trimmed from below cut straight as if by the sheers of a giant gardener. | 他们的圆形檐篷从下面修剪得笔直，仿佛是被一个巨大的园丁剪成的。 | |
| 372 | 35:10 | Indeed there is only one animal tall enough for the job. | 事实上，只有一种动物的身高足以胜任这项工作。 | |
| 373 | 35:22 | Standing at 18 feet when fully grown the giraffe browses the lowest reaches of the trees. | 长颈鹿长大后站在18英尺高的地方，在树的最低处觅食。 | |
| 375 | 35:36 | It uses its long prehensile tongue to grab and pluck the leaves. | 它用它的长而可缠绕的舌头去抓和摘树叶。 | |
| 377 | 35:43 | But even the tallest land mammal in the world sometimes comes up short. | 但即使是世界上最高的陆地哺乳动物有时也会出现短缺。 | |
| 379 | 35:50 | And although a little awkward the giraffe won't turn its nose up at the tasty seed pods that have fallen to the ground. | 尽管长颈鹿有点笨拙，但它不会对掉在地上的美味豆荚竖起鼻子。 | |
| 382 | 36:07 | Giraffes generally maintain casual associations unlike the more socially cohesive elephants. | 长颈鹿通常保持随意的联想，不像社会凝聚力更强的大象。 | |
| 384 | 36:14 | This herd is made up of mostly females with one dominant bull among them. | 这个牛群主要由雌性组成，其中有一头占优势的公牛。 | |
| 386 | 36:22 | Giraffes spend roughly half their day feeding with females taking longer to select more nutritious foliage. | 长颈鹿花了大约一半的时间来喂养雌性，花更长的时间来选择更有营养的叶子。 | |
| 388 | 36:37 | Between bulls dominance is decided by seniority and size. | 公牛之间的优势是由资历和大小决定的。 | |
| 389 | 36:39 | Making this match up rather uneven. | 使这场比赛相当不均衡。 | |
| 391 | 37:01 | It's more like play fighting with a younger brother for the large bull. | 这更像是和弟弟为了大牛而打架。 | |
| 393 | 37:20 | Who's clearly pulling his punches. | 他显然是在使出浑身解数。 | |
| 394 | 37:41 | Giraffes are superb desert dwellers getting all the moisture they need from their food. | 长颈鹿是极好的沙漠居民，从食物中获取所需的水分。 | |
| 396 | 37:48 | But the elephants must drink and will need to find water soon or face the risk of dehydration. | 但是大象必须喝水，而且很快就会找到水，否则就会面临脱水的危险。 | |
| 398 | 38:14 | Luckily the morning dawns with a gift from the heavens. | 幸运的是，天赐的礼物破晓了。 | |
| 399 | 38:28 | Low in the sky hangs fog that has crept inland from the ocean. | 低空悬挂着从海洋向内陆蔓延的浓雾。 | |
| 401 | 38:36 | It's the very same life-giving fog that supports the dune seas along the coast. | 正是这种赋予生命的雾支撑着沿海的沙丘海。 | |
| 403 | 38:49 | As the sun rises the fog slowly burns off but not before being caught by a very clever tree. | 当太阳升起时，雾慢慢地消散了，但在被一棵非常聪明的树抓住之前就没有了。 | |
| 405 | 39:04 | It looks out of place with its verdant,pine like shape but the Tamarisk tree is an accomplished desert survivor. | 它看起来不适合它的绿色，松树一样的形状，但柽柳树是一个成功的沙漠幸存者。 | |
| 407 | 39:15 | The Tamarisk uses a special trick to catch the fog. | 柽柳用一种特殊的技巧来捕捉雾气。 | |
| 408 | 39:19 | By producing a layer of salt on its leaves overnight the tree attracts moisture which keeps it cool and well-watered. | 通过一夜之间在叶子上产生一层盐，树木吸收水分，保持凉爽和充足的水分。 | |
| 411 | 39:36 | Its high moisture and mineral content make it a favorite of the elephants. | 它的高水分和矿物质含量使它成为大象的最爱。 | |
| 413 | 39:43 | But it's not going to be enough to keep them going for long in this heat. | 但这不足以让他们在这么热的天气里坚持很久。 | |
| 415 | 39:56 | As the day progresses temperatures rise sharply. | 随着时间的推移，气温急剧上升。 | |
| 416 | 40:11 | For the younger elephants the heat is exhausting. | 对年幼的大象来说，酷热难耐。 | |
| 417 | 40:22 | The adults cannot lie down without risk of crushing their internal organs. | 成年人不能躺下而没有挤压内脏的危险。 | |
| 419 | 40:30 | Rather they take dust baths which help protect their skin from the sun and biting parasites. | 更确切地说，它们洗灰尘浴有助于保护皮肤免受阳光和叮咬寄生虫的伤害。 | |
| 422 | 40:47 | Driven on by thirst,they must keep moving. | 在干渴的驱使下，他们必须继续前进。 | |
| 423 | 40:56 | Desert elephants are the same species as those found throughout Africa - Loxodonta Africana. | 沙漠象和非洲各地发现的象是同一种——非洲象。 | |
| 426 | 41:08 | But these have become desert adapted over time with only slight changes in their features and characteristics. | 但随着时间的推移，它们已经适应了沙漠，其特征和特征只有轻微的变化。 | |
| 429 | 41:19 | Their legs are slightly longer in proportion to their bodies with wider foot pads better suited for walking on the soft sand. | 它们的腿比身体略长，脚垫更宽，更适合在松软的沙滩上行走。 | |
| 432 | 41:30 | They're also said to be able to go for longer periods without water than savanna elephants. | 据说它们在没有水的情况下能比热带稀树草原大象活得更长。 | |
| 434 | 41:45 | Even so,it's been several days since they drank and they are parched. | 即便如此，他们已经好几天没喝酒了，而且都很渴。 | |
| 436 | 41:54 | The matriarch has led them out into the open. | 女族长把他们带到外面去了。 | |
| 437 | 41:57 | But she has done so with good reason. | 但她这么做是有充分理由的。 | |
| 438 | 42:15 | Here,finally they've found water at a spring that wells up from the depths. | 在这里，他们终于找到了从深处涌出的泉水。 | |
| 440 | 42:25 | The herd drinks deeply now with adults able to gulp down as much as 40 gallons at a time. | 牧群现在喝得很深，成年人一次能吞下多达40加仑的水。 | |
| 442 | 42:44 | Then in the distance figures emerge. | 然后远处就出现了人影。 | |
| 444 | 42:53 | The bulls have arrived. | 公牛队来了。 | |
| 445 | 43:11 | The herd welcomes the two biggest of their kind with a tenderness characteristic of these noble giants. | 牛群以这些高贵巨人特有的温柔欢迎同类中最大的两个。 | |
| 447 | 43:30 | These bulls are no doubt father and brother to many of the herd. | 这些公牛无疑是许多牛群的父亲和兄弟。 | |
| 448 | 43:35 | The coming together of the family is a rare and special happening. | 一家人团聚是一件罕见而特殊的事情。 | |
| 450 | 43:44 | With the usually solitary bulls arriving to drink as if on cue. | 通常独来独往的公牛来喝酒，好像在暗示。 | |
| 451 | 44:01 | Once the elephants have quenched their collective thirst they walk off together disappearing slowly in to the desert. | 一旦大象们解渴了，它们就一起走开，慢慢地消失在沙漠里。 | |
| 454 | 44:13 | Their journey is a never ending march as constant as the movement of the sun across the sky in this great desert. | 他们的旅程是永无止境的行军，就像太阳在这片沙漠中划过天空一样。 | |
| 457 | 44:44 | These drylands of southern Africa have been wrought by time into magnificent landscapes of sand and stone. | 这些非洲南部的旱地，随着时间的推移，已经变成了沙石的壮丽景观。 | |
| 459 | 44:56 | They may be stark and perilous but are filled with wild wonder. | 他们可能是赤裸裸的和危险的，但充满了疯狂的奇迹。 | |
| 461 | 45:07 | Across their reaches examples of nature's most startling ingenuity abound. | 在他们的范围内，大自然最惊人的创造力的例子比比皆是。 | |
| 463 | 45:19 | These characters have evolved to be hardy and desert-adapted. | 这些角色已经进化到耐寒和适应沙漠。 | |
| 464 | 45:31 | And thus exist with consummate skill where others would perish. | 从而以精湛的技艺存在于他人灭亡的地方。 | |
| 465 | 45:37 | For only a special few can make a home in the most extreme of places: The Southern Drylands. | 因为只有极少数人能在最极端的地方安家：南方旱地。 | |
| 第 5 集 Etosha.the.Great.White.Place 55555555555555555 | |
| 1 | 00:06 | In a place defined by blistering heat - a desolate white wasteland dominates. | 在一个酷热的地方，一片荒凉的白色荒地占据了主导地位。 | |
| 3 | 00:24 | Scattered oases on its margins attract thirsty herds. | 其边缘零散的绿洲吸引着口渴的牛群。 | |
| 4 | 00:29 | All life is driven by the back and forth search for food and water. | 所有的生命都是被来回寻找食物和水所驱动的。 | |
| 6 | 00:52 | This is the continual ebb and flow of Etosha; The Great White Place. | 这就是以托沙的涨落，大白地。 | |
| 8 | 01:10 | As day breaks in Etosha National Park a Black backed jackal quenches his thirst at a waterhole. | 伊托沙国家公园天亮时，一只黑背豺在水洞里解渴。 | |
| 15 | 01:55 | The little scavenger is vulnerable to attack by bigger predators and is always wary. | 小食腐动物很容易受到较大食肉动物的攻击，而且总是很谨慎。 | |
| 18 | 02:04 | After a drink he wastes no time in moving on. | 喝了一杯后，他不失时机地继续前进。 | |
| 20 | 02:14 | As he exits a flock of Helmeted guinea fowl quickly emerges. | 当他离开时，一群戴头盔的珍珠鸡迅速出现。 | |
| 22 | 02:24 | They'd make a good meal for the jackal and have been waiting in the surrounding bush keeping a safe distance. | 他们会为豺狼做一顿丰盛的晚餐，并一直在周围的灌木丛中保持安全距离。 | |
| 25 | 02:34 | With the coast clear they take their opportunity to drink from the only water source for miles around. | 随着海岸的清洁，他们利用他们的机会，喝从唯一的水源周围数英里。 | |
| 28 | 02:45 | Their home is in Namibia in south west Africa. | 他们的家在非洲西南部的纳米比亚。 | |
| 30 | 02:56 | It's a country dominated by baking heat and parched sands and renowned for its natural beauty. | 这是一个以炎热和干燥的沙滩为主的国家，以其自然美景而闻名。 | |
| 32 | 03:07 | In the north,one national park stands out. | 在北部，有一个国家公园非常突出。 | |
| 33 | 03:11 | At just under 8,800 square miles Etosha is as big as the state of New Jersey. | 埃托沙的面积不到8800平方英里，和新泽西州一样大。 | |
| 35 | 03:19 | Around a quarter of it is covered by a vast barren expanse - where nothing grows. | 大约四分之一的土地被一大片贫瘠的土地所覆盖，那里什么也没有生长。 | |
| 38 | 03:30 | Known as the Etosha salt pan it was once a saline lake. | 它被称为伊托沙盐湖，曾经是一个盐湖。 | |
| 40 | 03:40 | But 2.5 million years ago changes in the environment gradually desiccated it leaving behind soil too salty for plants to survive. | 但250万年前，环境的变化使它逐渐干燥，留下的土壤太咸，植物无法生存。 | |
| 43 | 03:54 | This is the extreme of a park defined by unforgiving conditions. | 这是一个极端的公园所定义的无情的条件。 | |
| 45 | 04:08 | Annual rainfall averages a mere 10 inches. | 年平均降雨量只有10英寸。 | |
| 46 | 04:16 | In the peak of summer temperatures can reach a staggering 117 degrees Fahrenheit. | 在夏季的最高温度可以达到惊人的117华氏度。 | |
| 49 | 04:37 | All life here runs to a rhythm fueled by water. | 这里所有的生命都是以水为动力的。 | |
| 50 | 04:52 | To the south of the salt pan waterholes are scattered throughout the dry veld. | 在盐田的南面，水坑散布在整个干涸的土地上。 | |
| 52 | 05:05 | These act as the driving force of the park directing the movement and survival of every species. | 它们是公园的驱动力，引导着每一个物种的运动和生存。 | |
| 54 | 05:14 | Without these oases life would cease to exist in this barren land. | 没有这些绿洲，生命将不复存在于这片贫瘠的土地上。 | |
| 56 | 05:25 | But water isn't the main concern here; food is. | 但这里主要关心的不是水，而是食物。 | |
| 58 | 05:35 | During the dry season the animals concentrated around Etosha's waterholes deplete all available food - forcing them to travel further afield in search of sustenance. | 在旱季，集中在埃托沙水洞周围的动物耗尽了所有可用的食物，迫使它们到更远的地方寻找食物。 | |
| 63 | 05:57 | All lives here revolve around this constant movement between food and water. | 这里所有的生命都围绕着食物和水之间的不断运动。 | |
| 65 | 06:09 | For the birds,the to and fro starts with mornings at the waterhole. | 对于鸟类来说，往返从早晨在水洞开始。 | |
| 67 | 06:23 | Before long,large flocks join the guinea fowl. | 不久，大群鸡加入了珍珠鸡的行列。 | |
| 68 | 06:31 | Cape turtle-doves spend most of their time alone or in pairs. | 海角斑鸠大部分时间是单独或成对度过的。 | |
| 69 | 06:34 | But they congregate in flocks to drink in the morning and evening. | 但他们早晚成群聚集喝酒。 | |
| 71 | 06:40 | Drinking side by side means more eyes on the lookout for predators. | 并排喝酒意味着更多的眼睛在寻找食肉动物。 | |
| 73 | 06:56 | Other small species have a strategy to avoid the imposing crowds. | 其他小物种有一个策略，以避免壮观的人群。 | |
| 75 | 07:06 | A Fork-tailed drongo drinks on the wing. | 一只叉尾鹤在翅膀上喝水。 | |
| 76 | 07:23 | Pied crows on the other hand are given plenty of space. | 另一方面，花斑乌鸦有足够的空间。 | |
| 78 | 07:35 | Their bigger frames and mean looking beaks keep the others at bay. | 它们更大的身躯和尖利的喙让其他的人望而却步。 | |
| 80 | 07:48 | The pair of Namaqua sand grouse behind them may have flown as far as 40 miles to quench their thirst. | 他们身后的那对纳马卡沙松鸡可能飞了40英里远来解渴。 | |
| 82 | 07:58 | The crow is unlikely to attack them but at half its size they dare not get too close. | 乌鸦不太可能攻击它们，但只有它的一半大小，它们不敢靠近。 | |
| 85 | 08:07 | Across the waterhole a more threatening Gabar goshawk isn't here to drink. | 在水洞对面，一只更具威胁性的加巴尔苍鹰不是来喝水的。 | |
| 88 | 08:16 | But the bird of prey isn't hunting either. | 但猛禽也不打猎。 | |
| 89 | 08:25 | Remarkably it's eating blades of grass. | 值得注意的是，它吃的是草叶。 | |
| 90 | 08:30 | He's having trouble regurgitating pellets of indigestible hair and bone. | 他很难把不易消化的头发和骨头颗粒吐出来。 | |
| 92 | 08:40 | And the only green grass for miles around will help trigger a purge of his digestive tract. | 周围几英里内唯一的绿草将有助于他消化道的净化。 | |
| 94 | 09:02 | While the early birds take their turn on the water's edge a terrapin soaks up the warmth of the steadily rising sun. | 当早起的鸟儿在水边轮流飞翔时，一只水螅正在吸收稳步上升的太阳的热量。 | |
| 96 | 09:13 | Despite the lack of rain there's always water available here. | 尽管没有雨，这里还是有水。 | |
| 98 | 09:22 | The natural spring rises to the surface from the rocky substrate deep below ground. | 天然泉水从地下深处的岩石基底上升到地表。 | |
| 100 | 09:32 | It gives this largely aquatic creature a home in a dry land. | 它让这种水生生物在干旱的土地上有了一个家。 | |
| 101 | 09:36 | While he warms himself the day's business begins to unfold around him. | 当他取暖的时候，一天的工作开始在他周围展开。 | |
| 103 | 09:46 | It's not long before the larger animals arrive. | 不久，大型动物就来了。 | |
| 104 | 10:20 | Throughout the park animals seek out waterholes; Beginning their day with a drink. | 在整个公园里，动物们都在寻找水洞；以一杯饮料开始他们的一天。 | |
| 106 | 10:39 | The enticing water excites even the most nervous kudu. | 诱人的水甚至让最紧张的库杜也兴奋不已。 | |
| 107 | 10:50 | Herds of Impala soon join them As do thirsty zebra. | 成群的黑斑羚和干渴的斑马很快就加入了他们的行列。 | |
| 109 | 11:18 | Kudu spend most of their time in the safety of cover relying on camouflage to escape the attention of predators. | 库杜大部分时间都在安全的掩护下，依靠伪装来躲避掠食者的注意。 | |
| 111 | 11:35 | A mature kudu bull's horns can grow as long as five feet the longest of any antelope. | 一头成熟的库杜公牛的角可以长到五英尺长，是所有羚羊中最长的。 | |
| 114 | 11:54 | These two evenly matched bulls may soon compete for the right to mate with the females between them. | 这两只势均力敌的公牛可能很快就会与它们之间的母牛争夺交配权。 | |
| 117 | 12:06 | But for now their only concern is satisfying their thirst. | 但现在他们唯一关心的是满足他们的渴望。 | |
| 118 | 12:31 | As the largest land mammals on the planet African elephants have nothing to fear. | 作为地球上最大的陆地哺乳动物，非洲象没有什么可怕的。 | |
| 120 | 12:41 | And in a league of giants Etosha's elephants stand out above the rest. | 在一个巨人联盟中，埃托莎的大象比其他的都突出。 | |
| 122 | 12:51 | They are the biggest on the continent. | 它们是大陆上最大的。 | |
| 123 | 12:57 | And these big bodies build up quite a thirst. | 这些巨大的身体让人产生了强烈的口渴。 | |
| 124 | 13:07 | Elephants drink up to 60 gallons of water a day. | 大象每天喝60加仑的水。 | |
| 125 | 13:14 | The herd's matriarch determines when they will drink and leads her clan to water. | 牧群的女族长决定他们什么时候喝水，并带领她的部落喝水。 | |
| 127 | 13:23 | With over 50 years of experience she's developed intricate maps of Etosha in her mind. | 凭借50多年的经验，她在脑海中绘制了复杂的伊托莎地图。 | |
| 129 | 13:31 | She's able to pinpoint the closest waterhole up to 31 miles away. | 她能精确定位31英里外最近的水洞。 | |
| 131 | 13:39 | This is the ultimate tool for surviving in the desert. | 这是在沙漠中生存的终极工具。 | |
| 132 | 13:46 | The herd consists of the matriarch's offspring and her grandchildren. | 牧群由女族长的子孙组成。 | |
| 134 | 13:53 | Still clumsy with their trunks,it takes a while for the babies to assert control over these awkward appendages. | 它们的躯干仍然笨拙，需要一段时间来控制这些笨拙的附属物。 | |
| 136 | 14:34 | An elephant's trunk has two finger-like projections at the tip allowing for maximum dexterity. | 象鼻的尖端有两个手指状的突出物，使其具有最大的灵活性。 | |
| 139 | 14:49 | These trunks are their livelihood allowing them to drink by sucking up the water and snorting it out into their mouths. | 这些树干是它们赖以生存的食物，它们可以通过吸吮水并将水喷到嘴里来喝水。 | |
| 142 | 15:16 | Soon the babies will show expert control of their long snouts just like their elders. | 很快，婴儿们就会像他们的长辈一样熟练地控制他们的长鼻子。 | |
| 144 | 15:26 | Elephants are vigilant mothers. | 大象是警惕的母亲。 | |
| 145 | 15:30 | They never let their calves wander far from their side. | 它们从不让它们的小牛远离它们的身边。 | |
| 146 | 15:39 | And surrounded by their enormous family calves need not fear the park's predators. | 被它们庞大的家族所包围的幼崽不必害怕公园里的掠食者。 | |
| 148 | 15:54 | Under the care and guidance of the herd they will gradually learn the routes to water themselves. | 在牧群的照料和引导下，它们会逐渐学会自己浇水的路线。 | |
| 150 | 16:20 | Impala lack the elephants' size advantage and are more vulnerable to attack. | 黑斑羚缺乏大象的体型优势，更容易受到攻击。 | |
| 152 | 16:28 | But with many members they always have eyes on the lookout that allow a pair of young males to indulge in distraction. | 但对于许多成员，他们总是盯着了望台，让一对年轻的男性沉迷于分心。 | |
| 155 | 16:41 | They size each other up in a game of strength. | 他们在一场实力赛中互相较量。 | |
| 156 | 16:48 | This practice prepares them for the world of serious competition that awaits them. | 这种做法使他们为即将到来的激烈竞争做好了准备。 | |
| 158 | 16:56 | But if they hope to challenge a big ram like this hey have some growing up to do. | 但如果他们想挑战像这样的大公羊，他们就有一些长大的事情要做。 | |
| 160 | 17:06 | With no territory or mates to be won yet they're not fully committed to the contest. | 由于没有领土或伙伴要赢得他们还没有完全致力于比赛。 | |
| 162 | 17:15 | As the day moves on hunger takes the place of a sated thirst for the animals at the waterhole. | 当一天过去的时候，饥饿代替了对水洞里的动物的饥渴。 | |
| 165 | 17:38 | With the dry season's tightening grip the land surrounding the waterhole is exhausted of good quality fodder. | 随着旱季的紧抓，水洞周围的土地已经耗尽了优质饲料。 | |
| 168 | 17:50 | To find enough to eat the herds must disperse away from this center of activity. | 为了找到足够的食物，牛群必须离开这个活动中心。 | |
| 170 | 18:02 | In their own time they all head off to begin their search for food. | 在他们各自的时间里，他们都出发去寻找食物。 | |
| 172 | 18:21 | For the young suckling kudu sustenance is always on hand. | 对于幼小的乳牛来说，苦毒的食粮总是在手边。 | |
| 174 | 18:29 | But the rest of the herd must leave the sanctuary of the water to eat. | 其余的牛群必须离开水的圣所去吃。 | |
| 176 | 18:39 | He carefully follows ears pricked and always alert. | 他小心翼翼地跟着刺耳的耳朵走，总是保持警觉。 | |
| 178 | 18:57 | The elephants follow the lead of the matriarch who heads west. | 大象们跟着向西方走去的女族长走。 | |
| 180 | 19:06 | In the search for food her experience will once again prove crucial. | 在寻找食物的过程中，她的经历将再次证明是至关重要的。 | |
| 182 | 19:12 | Heading the wrong way could take the elephants onto the sprawling salt pan where there is no sustenance to be found. | 往错误的方向走可能会把大象带到没有食物的盐田里。 | |
| 185 | 19:19 | Here they would face a choice between two equally unattractive options. | 在这里，他们将面临两个同样没有吸引力的选择。 | |
| 187 | 19:27 | Turn around or face the 30 mile trek to the other side under the beating sun. | 在烈日下，掉头或面对30英里的长途跋涉到另一边。 | |
| 190 | 19:40 | To the south of the salt pan there is sustenance available to those who know where to find it. | 在盐田的南边，那些知道在哪里可以找到食物的人可以得到食物。 | |
| 192 | 19:57 | This giraffe has spent the morning feeding on the leaves of acacia trees. | 这只长颈鹿花了一上午时间在相思树的叶子上觅食。 | |
| 194 | 20:06 | At more than 16 feet tall giraffe are adapted to take advantage of a feeding niche few others can - at the tops of trees. | 在超过16英尺高的长颈鹿适应了利用一个很少有人能吃的利基-在树梢。 | |
| 198 | 20:23 | They can go several days without drinking; getting the moisture they need from their food. | 他们可以几天不喝酒；从食物中获取所需的水分。 | |
| 200 | 20:34 | But in the height of winter,when the park is driest even Etosha's hardiest vegetation like the acacia has little to offer in the way of moisture. | 但在冬季最干燥的时候，即使是伊托沙最坚硬的植物，如金合欢树，也不能提供多少水分。 | |
| 203 | 20:48 | So this giraffe must also strike out across the park's barren lands though his is a quest for water. | 因此，这只长颈鹿也必须横穿公园的贫瘠土地，尽管它是一个寻找水。 | |
| 206 | 21:08 | While cows stick together in herds this bull cuts a lonely form in the stark landscape. | 当牛成群结队地聚集在一起时，这头公牛在荒凉的景色中留下了孤独的身影。 | |
| 209 | 21:20 | There is little for him here in the grasslands except the promise of a satisfying drink on the other side. | 在草原上，对他来说，除了承诺在另一边喝一杯令人满意的饮料之外，几乎没有别的东西了。 | |
| 212 | 21:39 | But some are far more at home on the grasslands than him. | 但有些人在草原上比他更自在。 | |
| 213 | 21:51 | Gemsbok thrive away from water and are among the most iconic species of the African desert. | 宝石羚在远离水的地方茁壮成长，是非洲沙漠中最具标志性的物种之一。 | |
| 216 | 22:08 | Their bodies are well designed to cope with the harsh conditions. | 他们的身体设计得很好，可以应付恶劣的环境。 | |
| 218 | 22:18 | They too can go days without drinking - and are even more independent of water than the giraffe. | 它们也可以连续几天不喝水，甚至比长颈鹿更不依赖水。 | |
| 220 | 22:28 | Their kidneys have evolved to conserve water by concentrating their urine to minimize water loss. | 它们的肾脏已经进化到通过集中尿液来保存水分，从而最大限度地减少水分流失。 | |
| 222 | 22:41 | This allows them to travel far across Etosha's flat grasslands feeding as they go. | 这使得它们能够穿越埃托沙平坦的草原，边走边觅食。 | |
| 224 | 22:59 | These flats border the salt pan and have shallow,saline soils. | 这些平原靠近盐田，有浅盐渍土。 | |
| 226 | 23:06 | Only the hardiest desert grasses survive. | 只有最顽强的沙漠草才能生存。 | |
| 227 | 23:14 | This small herd follows the lead of its alpha male. | 这一小群人跟随它的阿尔法雄兽。 | |
| 228 | 23:19 | With his guidance and their ability to range far from water they can subsist mainly on these grasses. | 在他的指导下，它们能够远离水源，主要靠这些草生存。 | |
| 230 | 23:29 | But for the park's elephants things are different. | 但对于公园里的大象来说情况就不同了。 | |
| 232 | 23:45 | A pair of bulls is making the trek across Etosha's dry,open land. | 一对公牛正在埃托沙干燥开阔的土地上跋涉。 | |
| 234 | 24:03 | They scrape what sustenance they can from the grass but it's not enough to give them the hundreds of pounds they need in a day. | 他们从草地上刮下能得到的食物，但这还不足以满足他们一天所需的数百磅。 | |
| 237 | 24:14 | Now,during the dry season elephants must drink daily and prefer to remain within two and a half miles of water. | 现在，在旱季，大象必须每天喝水，而且喜欢呆在离水2.5英里的地方。 | |
| 240 | 24:24 | But they may travel more than 10 miles to find the trees they need to satisfy their hunger. | 但是他们可能要走10多英里才能找到满足饥饿所需的树木。 | |
| 242 | 24:36 | While Etosha's elephants may be the biggest in the world they have a handicap that stands testament to their dry environment. | 虽然埃托沙的大象可能是世界上最大的大象，但它们的残障证明了它们的干燥环境。 | |
| 245 | 24:51 | Almost half of the elephants' tusks in Etosha are fractured or broken - the highest rate of any elephant population. | 埃托沙几乎有一半的大象的象牙断裂或折断，这是所有大象种群中断裂率最高的。 | |
| 248 | 25:05 | This is directly related to the area's low rainfall. | 这与该地区降雨量少直接相关。 | |
| 249 | 25:11 | It may be due to fighting over water sources; or the tusks weakening due to dehydration but the most likely explanation is the lack of nutrients in the elephants' food. | 这可能是因为争夺水源；或者象牙因脱水而变弱，但最可能的解释是大象的食物缺乏营养。 | |
| 253 | 25:33 | These bulls must cross this foreboding land to reach more suitable fodder. | 这些公牛必须穿过这片不祥的土地，才能得到更合适的饲料。 | |
| 255 | 25:49 | As they travel the day gets hotter and hotter. | 当他们旅行的时候，天气变得越来越热。 | |
| 256 | 26:02 | For a herd of Zebra the heat is becoming almost unbearable. | 对于一群斑马来说，炎热几乎让人无法忍受。 | |
| 257 | 26:30 | Many of the mares are pregnant and will give birth in early summer when rains give their young the best chance at survival. | 许多母马怀孕了，将在初夏产下，这时雨水给了它们的幼崽最好的生存机会。 | |
| 260 | 26:44 | It will be this particular mare's second birth. | 这将是这匹特别的母马的第二胎。 | |
| 261 | 26:49 | Her current foal is around a year old. | 她现在的小马驹大约一岁大。 | |
| 262 | 26:55 | To prepare herself for the new arrival she's started to wean him. | 为了准备迎接新的到来，她开始让他断奶。 | |
| 264 | 27:02 | She needs to conserve her milk and energy. | 她需要保存牛奶和能量。 | |
| 265 | 27:09 | The herd would usually spend almost all day grazing to maintain their health. | 牧群通常会花几乎一整天的时间放牧以保持健康。 | |
| 267 | 27:13 | But the temperature has risen above a hundred degrees Fahrenheit and the heat paralyzes them. | 但是温度已经上升到华氏一百度以上，高温使他们瘫痪。 | |
| 270 | 27:23 | Tied to the waterhole they avoid activity at all costs and it's all they can do to wait out the worst of it. | 在水坑附近，他们不惜一切代价避免活动，他们只能等待最坏的情况发生。 | |
| 273 | 27:36 | But the heat may be a blessing in disguise. | 但高温可能是因祸得福。 | |
| 274 | 27:42 | Even the strongest of animals are rendered weak by the severity of Etosha's climate. | 即使是最强壮的动物也会因为埃托沙恶劣的气候而变得虚弱。 | |
| 276 | 27:51 | The zebra are unaware of a male lion in the grass. | 斑马不知道草地上有一头雄狮。 | |
| 277 | 27:56 | But he has no interest in them. | 但他对他们不感兴趣。 | |
| 278 | 28:02 | The midday sun has drained his energy too. | 正午的太阳也耗尽了他的精力。 | |
| 279 | 28:10 | He can't even muster a flick of his tail. | 他连尾巴都弹不动。 | |
| 280 | 28:15 | He will wait until dusk when his eyesight is better than the zebras' and when the heat has dissipated. | 当他的视力比斑马好的时候，当热量散去的时候，他会一直等到黄昏。 | |
| 283 | 28:34 | At this time of year all animals must take advantage of what's on offer. | 在每年的这个时候，所有的动物都必须利用现有的资源。 | |
| 285 | 28:44 | Scavengers like the jackal rely largely on carrion from predator kills. | 像豺狼这样的食腐动物主要依靠捕食者杀死的腐肉。 | |
| 287 | 28:54 | But when there's no carrion to be had he's adept at making the most of his dry environment. | 但当没有腐肉可吃时，他善于充分利用干燥的环境。 | |
| 289 | 29:05 | He's an omnivore and will eat almost anything he can find including termites. | 他是杂食动物，几乎能吃到任何东西，包括白蚁。 | |
| 292 | 29:22 | Although not his meal of first choice he has no qualms about digging into the pile of insects. | 虽然不是他首选的食物，但他毫不犹豫地在昆虫堆里挖东西。 | |
| 294 | 29:34 | He's constantly alert. | 他总是保持警觉。 | |
| 295 | 29:44 | For there are always those looking to take advantage of the success of others. | 因为总有人想利用别人的成功。 | |
| 297 | 30:07 | A pair of northern Black korhaans skulks nearby Eager to get their fill. | 一对北方黑科哈人躲在附近，渴望得到他们的填补。 | |
| 299 | 30:26 | The jackal would happily change his meal from insects to birds. | 豺狼会高兴地把食物从昆虫变成鸟。 | |
| 300 | 30:30 | So the korhaans keep their distance. | 所以可汗人保持距离。 | |
| 301 | 30:46 | As much as 30 percent of their diet can consist of plant matter like grass seeds. | 高达30%的饮食可以由植物组成，如草籽。 | |
| 303 | 30:55 | And Etosha's grasslands have seeds in plenty so these birds survive in high numbers. | 埃托沙的草原上有大量的种子，所以这些鸟能大量生存。 | |
| 305 | 31:08 | Males defend display territories of 2000 to 3000 square feet and compete for the attention of females. | 雄性保护2000到3000平方英尺的展示区域，并争夺雌性的注意力。 | |
| 307 | 31:21 | For the korhaans,males will fight for territory come summer but for now they settle with calling loudly to advertise their presence. | 对于科哈人来说，男性会在夏天为领地而战，但现在他们只会大声叫喊来宣传自己的存在。 | |
| 310 | 31:38 | For some in Etosha,the battle for dominance is a more constant concern. | 对埃托沙的一些人来说，争夺统治地位是一个更加持续的问题。 | |
| 312 | 31:46 | A pair of Gemsbok males battles for rank and territory. | 一对雄性宝石羚为争夺军衔和领土而战斗。 | |
| 313 | 31:52 | In a land where food is scarce it's a huge investment of energy for both. | 在一个食物匮乏的土地上，这对双方都是巨大的能源投资。 | |
| 315 | 32:09 | The cause of the aggression is not far away - a tiny waterhole. | 侵略的原因就在不远处——一个小水坑。 | |
| 317 | 32:17 | Access to water is a prize worth fighting for. | 获得水源是一个值得为之奋斗的奖赏。 | |
| 318 | 32:21 | Gemsbok usually get most of the moisture they need from their food which includes tubers and wild melons dug from below ground. | 宝石羚通常从食物中获取所需的大部分水分，包括块茎和从地下挖来的野生瓜。 | |
| 322 | 32:35 | But at this time of year these are in short supply so even Gemsbok must drink. | 但在一年中的这个时候，这些都是供不应求，所以即使gembok必须喝。 | |
| 324 | 32:42 | This small sunken waterhole attracts herds from far and wide. | 这个小水坑吸引着来自四面八方的牛群。 | |
| 326 | 32:50 | A family of warthogs is here too trying unsuccessfully to escape the beating sun. | 这里也有一群疣猪，它们试图逃离烈日，但没有成功。 | |
| 328 | 32:59 | Over the years Etosha's animals have dug deeper and deeper into the sands here to access the little available water. | 这些年来，埃托莎的动物们在这里的沙子里挖得越来越深，以获取有限的可用水。 | |
| 331 | 33:11 | There's enough to satisfy the Gemsbok for now. | 现在有足够的钱来满足Gemsbok。 | |
| 332 | 33:18 | Soon enough they all resume their grazing covering ground to find enough quality grass to get by. | 很快，他们都恢复了他们的放牧覆盖的土地，以找到足够的优质草过日子。 | |
| 334 | 33:34 | For the giraffe,desperate times call for desperate measures. | 对于长颈鹿来说，绝望的时候需要采取绝望的措施。 | |
| 335 | 33:39 | His journey to water is sapping vital energy and out here he must go to unusual lengths to eat. | 他到水里的旅程正在消耗生命的能量，在这里他必须走不同寻常的长度去吃东西。 | |
| 337 | 33:48 | When you're built for feeding in the treetops grazing at ground level is a tall order. | 当你被建造成在树梢上觅食的时候，在地面上吃草是一项艰巨的任务。 | |
| 339 | 34:27 | For two elephant bulls,the day's journey has been worth it. | 对于两头大象公牛来说，一天的旅程是值得的。 | |
| 340 | 34:32 | Like the giraffe they rely largely on Etosha's trees for sustenance. | 像长颈鹿一样，它们主要依靠伊托莎的树木维持生计。 | |
| 342 | 34:43 | They've arrived in a stand of woodland and they don't just eat the leaves. | 他们来到了一片林地，他们不仅仅吃树叶。 | |
| 344 | 34:58 | Elephants have incredibly varied diets and can take sustenance from almost all parts of a plant including branches and their bark. | 大象的饮食极其多样化，几乎可以从植物的所有部位获取食物，包括树枝和树皮。 | |
| 347 | 35:14 | These mature bulls use their trunks with expert dexterity. | 这些成熟的公牛熟练地使用它们的躯干。 | |
| 348 | 35:23 | Picking what they fancy before grinding it between massive molars. | 在巨大的臼齿之间研磨之前，先挑选他们喜欢的东西。 | |
| 350 | 35:38 | Their stark white color comes from dusting themselves with the park's pale soil for defense against the sun's harsh rays. | 它们洁白的颜色来自于用公园里苍白的土壤掸自己的灰尘，以抵御太阳的刺骨光线。 | |
| 353 | 35:57 | But while it protects their skin it can't cool them down. | 但是，虽然它能保护它们的皮肤，却不能使它们降温。 | |
| 355 | 36:07 | For this they rely on their ears. | 为此，他们依靠自己的耳朵。 | |
| 356 | 36:19 | Elephant ears can be 6-1/2 feet long and 5 feet wide. | 大象的耳朵长6-1/2英尺，宽5英尺。 | |
| 357 | 36:21 | They have extensive networks of veins beneath a thin layer of skin. | 它们在一层薄薄的皮肤下有广泛的静脉网。 | |
| 359 | 36:27 | Continuous flapping causes airflow to cool the blood in these veins which helps to cool the whole body. | 持续的拍打使气流冷却这些静脉中的血液，这有助于冷却整个身体。 | |
| 362 | 36:51 | When males reach puberty they're extradited from the herd and become bachelors. | 当男性到了青春期，他们被从兽群中引渡出来，成为单身汉。 | |
| 365 | 37:04 | These males each spend long stretches alone. | 这些雄性个体都会独自长时间的活动。 | |
| 366 | 37:09 | But for now they have turned to one another for companionship as many bachelors do. | 但现在他们已经像许多单身汉一样，互相寻求伴侣。 | |
| 369 | 37:21 | Being younger and slightly smaller this bull assumes a lower rank than his more established companion. | 由于年龄较小，这头公牛的等级比它的同伴低。 | |
| 372 | 37:36 | It's a dynamic that's easy to see while they feed. | 这是一个动态，很容易看到，而他们饲料。 | |
| 373 | 37:43 | As the senior notices that his companion has a tastier looking tree he swiftly muscles in. | 当长者注意到他的同伴有一棵看起来更美味的树时，他迅速地把肌肉拉了进去。 | |
| 376 | 37:53 | The junior moves off with no complaint. | 小男孩毫无怨言地走了。 | |
| 377 | 38:03 | Size is power between elephants and the smaller bull wouldn't risk a challenge. | 体型是大象之间的力量，而体型较小的公牛则不会面临挑战。 | |
| 379 | 38:10 | There's plenty for both of them in the acacia trees of this patch of woodland. | 在这片林地的金合欢树上，它们都有很多。 | |
| 381 | 38:19 | Etosha's woody trees are a larder for its giants. | 埃托沙的木本树木是它的巨人们的储藏室。 | |
| 382 | 38:40 | After a long day searching for food many of the park's residents return to Etosha's waterholes. | 在漫长的一天寻找食物之后，许多公园的居民返回埃托沙的水洞。 | |
| 384 | 39:07 | They offer an opportunity to antelope that is unusual in the African wilderness; time to drink without fear of attack from below. | 它们为羚羊提供了一个在非洲荒野中不寻常的机会；可以畅饮而不必担心来自下面的攻击。 | |
| 387 | 39:22 | The small,isolated waterholes can't support crocodiles. | 孤立的小水洞支撑不住鳄鱼。 | |
| 388 | 39:26 | In Africa's wetter places antelope stick to the banks to avoid jaws lurking beneath the surface. | 在非洲比较潮湿的地方，羚羊会粘在河岸上，以避免下颚潜伏在水面下。 | |
| 391 | 39:35 | But here,these Springbok can wade into the cooling water without concern. | 但在这里，这些跳羚可以毫无顾虑地涉入冷却水。 | |
| 393 | 39:51 | Before long even the toughest of Etosha's inhabitants arrive. | 不久，即使是埃托沙最坚强的居民也来到了这里。 | |
| 395 | 40:00 | Gemsbok waste no time in getting wet. | 格姆博克很快就被淋湿了。 | |
| 396 | 40:06 | And for a moment they're liberated from the heat's oppressive grip. | 一时间，他们从酷热的压迫中解放了出来。 | |
| 398 | 40:20 | Their routine of regular grazing and covering ground will soon resume but for now they can relax in the company of the waterhole's many other visitors. | 他们的常规放牧和覆盖的土地将很快恢复，但现在他们可以在水洞的许多其他游客的陪伴下放松。 | |
| 402 | 40:53 | A giant soon joins the throng and he's given all the space he needs. | 一个巨人很快加入了人群，他给了他所需要的所有空间。 | |
| 404 | 41:09 | At more than eleven feet tall he's less satisfied by the water's depth. | 他身高超过11英尺，对水深不太满意。 | |
| 406 | 41:17 | Luckily he's well equipped to splash himself. | 幸运的是，他有足够的装备来溅水。 | |
| 407 | 41:28 | As the afternoon draws on,many more come and go. | 随着下午的临近，更多的人来来去去去。 | |
| 408 | 41:59 | The thirsty giraffe bull finally arrives after his long quest for water. | 口渴的长颈鹿公牛在长时间寻找水源后终于来到了。 | |
| 410 | 42:24 | And he's not alone. | 他并不孤单。 | |
| 411 | 42:30 | He's found the company of a small herd. | 他找到了一小群人的陪伴。 | |
| 412 | 42:39 | Giraffe regularly come and go from herds and he may spend weeks with his companions before going his own way again. | 长颈鹿经常从牛群中来来去去，他可能会和同伴待上几个星期，然后再走自己的路。 | |
| 415 | 42:54 | Giraffe are especially vulnerable while drinking and it helps to have extra eyes on the lookout. | 长颈鹿在喝酒的时候特别脆弱，它有助于有额外的眼睛在了望。 | |
| 417 | 43:10 | As quickly as the herds arrive they leave again. | 牛群一到就又离开了。 | |
| 419 | 43:18 | Dispersing back into Etosha's expanse in their constant search for food. | 分散回伊托莎的广袤之地寻找食物。 | |
| 421 | 43:46 | The big elephant bull is in no rush. | 大象公牛并不着急。 | |
| 422 | 43:48 | He finishes his mud bath. | 他洗完泥浴。 | |
| 423 | 44:17 | Cool at last he too heads off on the next leg of his perpetual to and fro between food and water. | 最后，他也冷静了下来，开始了在食物和水之间来回奔波的下一段旅程。 | |
| 426 | 45:02 | Etosha National Park presents a natural enigma. | 伊托沙国家公园呈现出一个自然之谜。 | |
| 427 | 45:11 | This foreboding expanse supports a surprising abundance of life. | 这种不祥的广阔空间支撑着惊人的丰富生命。 | |
| 428 | 45:17 | While their environment is harsh those that persevere can find enough to get by. | 虽然他们的环境很恶劣，但那些坚持不懈的人可以找到足够的生活。 | |
| 430 | 45:30 | All must move according to their own rhythm; To satisfy their hunger and quench their thirst. | 所有人都必须按照自己的节奏运动，以满足他们的饥饿和解渴。 | |
| 433 | 45:47 | This is the constant ebb and flow of Etosha - the Great White Place. | 这就是伊托莎——伟大的白色之地——的不断涨落。 | |
| 第 6 集 The.Linear.Oasis 66666666666666666 | |
| 1 | 00:06 | Narrator: In the dry-lands of South Africa where heat and thirst are a constant there's an alien world seemingly void of life. | 旁白：在南非干燥的土地上，炎热和干渴是永恒的，那里有一个陌生的世界，似乎没有生命。 | |
| 4 | 00:27 | But a line runs through it Where nature abounds. | 但在自然丰富的地方有一条线贯穿其中。 | |
| 6 | 00:35 | A waterway of immense proportions - Breathing life into the desert. | 一条巨大的水道——向沙漠中注入生命。 | |
| 8 | 00:49 | This is the pilgrimage of the Orange river - the journey of the Linear Oasis. | 这就是橘子河的朝圣之旅——线性绿洲的旅程。 | |
| 10 | 01:32 | Stretching over 1,200 miles the Orange river is the longest in South Africa. | 橙河绵延1200英里，是南非最长的河。 | |
| 12 | 01:41 | Flowing west towards the cold Atlantic Ocean it bisects Lesotho and then forms South Africa's border with Namibia. | 它向西流入冰冷的大西洋，将莱索托一分为二，然后形成南非与纳米比亚的边界。 | |
| 15 | 01:54 | In its lower reaches it's a mammoth force Forging its way through rock and sand alike. | 在它的下游，它是一股巨大的力量，在岩石和沙子中艰难前行。 | |
| 17 | 02:07 | Alternating between angry,abundant might - And slow lethargy. | 在愤怒、充沛的力量和缓慢的昏睡之间交替。 | |
| 19 | 02:22 | The Orange river is an iconic landscaper across the southern tip of Africa. | 橙河是横跨非洲南端的标志性景观。 | |
| 21 | 02:33 | But the river has humble origins in the mountain peaks of Lesotho. | 但这条河发源于莱索托的山峰。 | |
| 23 | 02:49 | It begins as just a trickle. | 它开始只是一条细流。 | |
| 24 | 02:53 | Or rather,many trickles. | 更确切地说，是许多细流。 | |
| 25 | 03:17 | The river starts nearly 10,000 feet above sea level in the Maluti Mountains. | 这条河发源于海拔近10000英尺的马鲁提山脉。 | |
| 27 | 03:28 | Up here in the clouds,rainfall is abundant. | 在云端，雨量充沛。 | |
| 28 | 03:43 | It doesn't take long for trickles to become streams. | 细流很快就会变成溪流。 | |
| 29 | 03:46 | And for streams to become rivers. | 让溪流变成河流。 | |
| 30 | 03:56 | The catchment area here is vast - with multiple watersheds channeling many young rivers into one another. | 这里的集水区非常广阔，多个集水区将许多年轻的河流汇入彼此。 | |
| 33 | 04:20 | In these early reaches the river is known as the Senqu - named by the Sesotho inhabitants of the area. | 在这些早期的河段中，这条河被称为Senqu，由该地区的塞索托居民命名。 | |
| 35 | 04:30 | On leaving Lesotho the river bends out into the interior of South Africa. | 离开莱索托后，这条河向南非内陆延伸。 | |
| 37 | 04:45 | It's here that it joins forces with its main tributary the Vaal. | 它在这里与主要支流瓦尔河汇合。 | |
| 39 | 04:54 | The Vaal river has been working its way south west for over 600 miles. | 瓦尔河向西南方向延伸了600多英里。 | |
| 41 | 05:03 | The two rivers merge in South Africa's Northern Cape province. | 这两条河流在南非北开普省汇合。 | |
| 42 | 05:06 | From here,they continue their journey westwards towards the Atlantic Ocean crossing two thirds of the country with renewed strength. | 从这里开始，他们继续向西航行，以新的力量穿越该国三分之二的地区，前往大西洋。 | |
| 45 | 05:28 | Despite having sources so close to the east coast both rivers flow west - making their journey to the sea a long one. | 尽管这两条河流的源头离东海岸很近，但它们都向西流动，这使得它们的出海之旅很长。 | |
| 48 | 05:39 | This is a result of tectonic uplift that blocked their flow east and channeled both rivers into the basin of the interior. | 这是构造抬升的结果，阻塞了它们向东的流动，并将两条河流引入内陆盆地。 | |
| 51 | 06:10 | 550 miles from its source the newly merged Orange river attracts a diverse range of life. | 新合并的橙河距源头550英里，吸引了各种各样的生命。 | |
| 54 | 06:28 | The day is young but the avian residents are already busy. | 天还小，但鸟类居民已经很忙了。 | |
| 55 | 06:32 | Birds flock to its waters attracted by the numerous fish,crabs and frogs on offer. | 鸟儿成群结队地涌向它的水域，被众多的鱼、螃蟹和青蛙所吸引。 | |
| 57 | 07:22 | Water birds have already taken their first swim and wait patiently to catch the first rays of light after a cold morning of fishing. | 水鸟已经开始了它们的第一次游泳，它们耐心地等待着在一个寒冷的早晨捕鱼后的第一缕阳光。 | |
| 60 | 07:36 | Others let their meals come to them. | 另一些人让他们的饭菜来。 | |
| 61 | 07:43 | Floating islands of vegetation drift idly downstream. | 漂浮的植物岛悠闲地漂向下游。 | |
| 62 | 07:52 | For the birds it's a mobile buffet - transporting various marooned insects down the river. | 对于鸟类来说，这是一个流动的自助餐——把各种被困的昆虫运到河里。 | |
| 64 | 08:03 | Wagtails pick their breakfast off with ease enjoying a ride as they forage. | 摇尾羚在觅食时轻松地选择早餐。 | |
| 66 | 08:18 | The African darter is one of the bigger personalities here. | 非洲飞镖是这里最具个性的人物之一。 | |
| 67 | 08:24 | It's also one of the best swimmers. | 它也是最好的游泳运动员之一。 | |
| 68 | 08:28 | They move using foot-propulsion usually with only their long neck visible above the water. | 它们用脚推进移动，通常只有长长的脖子露出水面。 | |
| 70 | 08:37 | This has earned them the colloquial name the 'snakebird'. | 这为他们赢得了“蛇鸟”的俗称。 | |
| 72 | 08:44 | A male's on the hunt for fish. | 一只雄性在捕鱼。 | |
| 73 | 08:51 | He will spear his prey before bringing it up to the surface to shake it off his bill tip and into his mouth. | 他会用矛刺穿猎物，然后把它带到水面，把它从喙尖上抖下来，放到嘴里。 | |
| 75 | 09:07 | This tricky operation requires some practice. | 这个棘手的操作需要一些练习。 | |
| 76 | 09:20 | Patrolling above is the avian authority on fishing the African fish eagle. | 上面巡逻的是鸟类管理局对非洲鱼鹰的捕捞。 | |
| 78 | 09:32 | The darter must be wary. | 投手一定要小心。 | |
| 79 | 09:37 | The great eagle is not averse to stealing somebody else's catch. | 雄鹰并不反对偷别人的猎物。 | |
| 80 | 09:50 | With such riches on offer fights for territory often break out. | 有了这些财富，争夺领土的斗争经常爆发。 | |
| 82 | 10:08 | An aerial dogfight falls from the sky. | 空中格斗从天而降。 | |
| 83 | 10:15 | The highly territorial Egyptian geese will fight to the death for this stretch of river. | 埃及大雁将为这段河而战至死。 | |
| 85 | 10:33 | But their racket draws unwanted attention. | 但是他们的球拍引起了不必要的注意。 | |
| 86 | 10:43 | The fish eagle sees the distracted geese as a chance for an easy meal. | 鱼鹰把分心的鹅看作是一次轻松用餐的机会。 | |
| 88 | 10:59 | A close call. | 势均力敌。 | |
| 89 | 11:07 | It appears his eyes are bigger than his stomach. | 看来他的眼睛比肚子大。 | |
| 90 | 11:25 | The river courses with fishermen in many forms. | 这条河以多种形式与渔民汇合。 | |
| 91 | 11:27 | One of the most elusive predators moves quickly and quietly flipping rocks and feeling for crabs along the shallow banks of the Orange river. | 一种最难以捉摸的食肉动物快速而安静地翻动岩石，沿着橘子河的浅滩寻找螃蟹。 | |
| 95 | 11:45 | The Cape clawless otter. | 海角无爪水獭。 | |
| 96 | 11:51 | Characterized by its partly webbed,clawless feet its diet includes crabs,fish,frogs and even worms. | 它的特点是部分有蹼，无爪的脚它的饮食包括螃蟹，鱼，青蛙，甚至蠕虫。 | |
| 98 | 12:03 | They use their extremely sensitive whiskers as sensors in the water to pick up the movements of potential prey. | 它们用极其敏感的胡须作为水中的传感器，捕捉潜在猎物的行动。 | |
| 101 | 12:12 | Their front paws come in handy when digging on the muddy bottoms of ponds and rivers picking up rocks and looking under logs. | 它们的前爪在池塘和河流的泥泞底部挖掘时很有用，它们会捡起石头，在木头下面寻找。 | |
| 104 | 12:36 | They're playful creatures and enjoy foraging as a group. | 它们是顽皮的动物，喜欢成群觅食。 | |
| 105 | 12:41 | With plenty on offer in the Orange river life thrives in large numbers. | 奥兰治河上有大量的食物供应，生命大量繁衍。 | |
| 107 | 13:05 | Through its upper reaches the Orange river cuts through a range of habitats. | 奥兰治河的上游穿过一系列的栖息地。 | |
| 109 | 13:16 | The morning light begins to slowly heat the granite boulders along its banks Enticing some hairy inhabitants to emerge from between the cracks and crannies. | 晨光开始慢慢加热岸边的花岗岩巨石，吸引着一些毛茸茸的居民从裂缝和缝隙中走出来。 | |
| 113 | 13:38 | The Rock hyraxes are awake. | 岩石鬣狗醒了。 | |
| 114 | 13:48 | As they do every morning the colony assumes strategic positions on the boulders soaking up the warm,golden light and generating some energy for the busy day ahead. | 正如他们每天早上所做的那样，殖民地在巨石上占据战略位置，吸收温暖的金光，为忙碌的一天提供一些能量。 | |
| 118 | 14:05 | Although,hyraxes are rarely busy. | 不过，土豚很少忙碌。 | |
| 119 | 14:11 | Rock hyraxes rest most of the time. | 岩羊大部分时间休息。 | |
| 120 | 14:17 | This is especially true for the adults - who enjoy a late morning sleep on the warming rocks. | 这对成年人来说尤其如此——他们喜欢在温暖的岩石上睡到很晚。 | |
| 122 | 14:31 | Although they resemble rodents hyraxes are in fact relatives of the modern-day elephant - evidenced by their pointed tusk-like upper incisors. | 虽然它们和啮齿动物很相似，但实际上它们是现代大象的近亲——它们尖尖的獠牙状上门牙就证明了这一点。 | |
| 125 | 14:49 | The soles of their feet have large,soft pads that are kept moist by sweat-like secretions. | 它们的脚底有大而软的垫子，这些垫子被汗液般的分泌物保持湿润。 | |
| 127 | 14:59 | Among the vigilant adults are several babies. | 警惕的成年人中有几个婴儿。 | |
| 128 | 15:05 | They too clamber out of the fractures to soak up a bit of sun - making good use of their mother's soft fur. | 他们也爬出骨折吸收一点阳光-充分利用他们母亲的软毛。 | |
| 131 | 15:15 | Finding a position that suits everybody can be a difficult task. | 找到一个适合每个人的职位可能是一项艰巨的任务。 | |
| 133 | 15:38 | Finally,the family unit absorbs the suns energy in a big pile. | 最后，这个家庭单位吸收了一大堆太阳的能量。 | |
| 134 | 15:48 | The peace is short-lived. | 和平是短暂的。 | |
| 135 | 15:51 | For the youngsters,there's fun to be had. | 对年轻人来说，有乐趣。 | |
| 136 | 16:04 | After breakfast it's time to explore their surroundings. | 早餐后是时候探索一下他们周围的环境了。 | |
| 137 | 16:15 | Hyraxes are expert climbers and the babies,albeit not as skilled as their parents are fast learners. | 土豚是攀岩专家，它们的宝宝虽然不如它们的父母学得快。 | |
| 140 | 16:26 | They clamber around the rocks with ease - often jumping surprising distances. | 他们轻松地在岩石周围爬来爬去——常常跳得很远。 | |
| 142 | 16:36 | As the river continues to flow westward on its journey to the Atlantic it winds up towards the border of Namibia where it cuts through the iconic Augrabies National Park. | 随着河流继续向西流向大西洋，它向纳米比亚边境蜿蜒而上，在那里它穿过了标志性的国家公园。 | |
| 146 | 16:58 | Here,the river splits and reforms - creating islands smoothed and polished by the vigorous water over the millennia. | 在这里，河流分裂和改革-创造岛屿平滑和抛光的蓬勃发展的水在几千年。 | |
| 149 | 17:12 | Over time the river has cut a deep gorge into the ancient granite rock. | 久而久之，这条河在古老的花岗岩中形成了一道深深的峡谷。 | |
| 151 | 17:35 | Gone is the calm,amicable river. | 平静友好的河流一去不复返。 | |
| 152 | 17:40 | Here the Orange shows its true strength in an angry display of white water. | 在这里，橙色在愤怒的白水中显示出它真正的力量。 | |
| 154 | 17:48 | The river twists and turns through the gorge before blasting over the edge of a 475 foot drop - the Augrabies falls. | 这条河蜿蜒流过峡谷，然后在475英尺的落差边缘爆炸——奥古斯都瀑布。 | |
| 157 | 18:30 | Taking its name from the local Khoikhoi language "Ankoerabis" means the place of big noises. | “Ankoerabis”这个名字来源于当地的Khoikhoi语，意思是大噪音的地方。 | |
| 159 | 18:41 | Mist rises up from the gorge - spraying the sun-soaked rocks above. | 薄雾从峡谷中升起，洒在被阳光浸透的岩石上。 | |
| 161 | 18:50 | Small black flies swarm in their millions and provide an abundant food source for some lucky predators. | 小黑蝇成群结队，为一些幸运的掠食者提供了丰富的食物来源。 | |
| 163 | 19:04 | Scores of Augrabies flat-lizard emerge from the numerous cracks. | 几十只扁平的蜥蜴从无数的裂缝中爬出来。 | |
| 164 | 19:11 | The females are drab in color sporting only the intricate patterns down the length of their spine. | 雌鸟的颜色是单调的，只有脊椎上复杂的图案。 | |
| 167 | 19:24 | The male lizards however are brightly colored - with personalities to match. | 然而，雄性蜥蜴颜色鲜艳，个性相配。 | |
| 169 | 19:34 | They use these colorful scales to signal dominance and settle territorial disputes. | 他们用这些五颜六色的音阶来表示统治地位和解决领土争端。 | |
| 171 | 19:43 | When they aren't busy catching flies the males try to outbid each other for prime patches of rock. | 当它们不忙着捕捉苍蝇时，雄性会试图以高于对方的价格获得最好的岩石块。 | |
| 173 | 19:58 | Assuming the push-up position,they assert their dominance by showing off their bright blue belly. | 他们采用俯卧撑姿势，通过炫耀自己明亮的蓝色腹部来维护自己的优势。 | |
| 175 | 20:09 | This male has found an unwanted contemporary in his stretch of territory. | 这只雄性在他的领地里发现了一个不受欢迎的同龄人。 | |
| 177 | 20:14 | A face-off ensues. | 一场对峙接踵而至。 | |
| 178 | 20:17 | Circling each other the males flip their bellies up from the side to show off their colors. | 雄性动物互相盘旋，从侧面翻转它们的腹部来炫耀它们的颜色。 | |
| 181 | 20:27 | If this isn't enough to scare off the intruder drastic measures must be taken - a good old-fashioned fight. | 如果这还不足以吓跑入侵者，就必须采取严厉的措施——一场老式的战斗。 | |
| 184 | 20:46 | Their colors aren't only to warn off other males. | 它们的颜色不仅仅是警告其他雄性。 | |
| 185 | 20:53 | Females that move through their territory immediately attract interest. | 穿过它们领地的雌性动物会立即引起它们的兴趣。 | |
| 187 | 21:01 | The males try to garner affection by walking around the females in an almost robotic,plodding motion showing off their colors. | 雄性动物试图通过在雌性动物周围行走来博取它们的好感，这种行走几乎是机器人般的缓慢动作，展示它们的颜色。 | |
| 191 | 21:14 | This male has been trying all morning. | 这只雄性已经试了一上午了。 | |
| 192 | 21:18 | His approach seems spot on but his follow through leaves something to be desired. | 他的做法似乎恰到好处，但他的后续行动仍有待改进。 | |
| 194 | 21:28 | A sharp bite on her tail is not appreciated. | 她尾巴上的尖利一口是不受欢迎的。 | |
| 195 | 21:36 | With another courtship gone to waste he returns to his quest for food. | 随着另一次求爱的失败，他又开始寻找食物。 | |
| 197 | 21:53 | Crossing the entire width of Augrabies National Park the Orange finally emerges from the rocky ravine and spills out onto the land. | 穿过整个国家公园的宽度，橘子终于从岩石沟壑中冒出来，洒到了陆地上。 | |
| 200 | 22:06 | Here the river begins to support more and more vegetation. | 这里的河流开始支持越来越多的植被。 | |
| 201 | 22:19 | As the landscape blends from boulder to bush it attracts a myriad of larger residents. | 从巨石到灌木丛的景观融合在一起，吸引了无数较大的居民。 | |
| 203 | 22:31 | A family of giraffes moves over the jagged landscape looking for food. | 一个长颈鹿家庭在崎岖的地形上寻找食物。 | |
| 205 | 22:38 | They seem out of place in this rocky environment. | 在这种多岩石的环境中，它们似乎不合适。 | |
| 206 | 22:43 | The giraffes have no predators here and roam freely,without worry. | 长颈鹿在这里没有掠食者，它们自由地游荡，没有烦恼。 | |
| 208 | 23:04 | Unlike the giraffe,Klipspringers are agile climbers and clamber over the crags with ease. | 与长颈鹿不同的是，Klipspringer是敏捷的攀岩者，能轻松地爬上峭壁。 | |
| 210 | 23:15 | And their dappled brown coat helps to blend them into their background. | 它们斑驳的棕色皮毛有助于将它们融入背景中。 | |
| 212 | 23:25 | But they still must be wary. | 但他们仍然必须保持警惕。 | |
| 213 | 23:29 | A male Klipspringer is on the watch for predators. | 一只雄性克利普斯普林格在监视捕食者。 | |
| 214 | 23:32 | And for good reason he has young to look out for. | 他有理由要照顾年轻人。 | |
| 216 | 23:49 | A sub-adult has joined the family. | 一个未成年的人加入了这个家庭。 | |
| 217 | 23:51 | An extra pair of eyes is invaluable when danger lurks all around. | 当危险无处不在时，多一双眼睛是无价的。 | |
| 219 | 24:00 | A pair of Verreaux's eagles patrols from above. | 一对弗雷奥的老鹰在上面巡逻。 | |
| 220 | 24:07 | A baby Klipspringer would make an easy meal - but the hunters' presence doesn't go unnoticed. | 一个小克利普斯普林格会做一顿简单的饭-但猎人的存在并没有被忽视。 | |
| 222 | 24:15 | The Klipspringers stick close to the rocks which offer both camouflage and shelter. | 克利普斯普林格人紧贴着岩石，岩石提供了伪装和庇护。 | |
| 224 | 24:38 | The vegetation even entices the resident hyrax away from the refuge of their boulders. | 这些植被甚至引诱当地的海兔离开他们的巨石避难所。 | |
| 226 | 24:55 | The babies learn to forage by imitating their parents - they're learning fast. | 孩子们通过模仿父母来学习觅食——他们学得很快。 | |
| 228 | 25:06 | And like the Klipspringers they too must be vigilant. | 像克利普林格人一样，他们也必须保持警惕。 | |
| 229 | 25:21 | A sentry sounds the alarm. | 哨兵发出警报。 | |
| 230 | 25:25 | The hyraxes scatter quickly - abandoning their feeding grounds to take refuge amongst the crags. | 土豚迅速散开-放弃它们的觅食地，在峭壁中避难。 | |
| 233 | 25:38 | Today,the eagles will go hungry. | 今天，老鹰会挨饿的。 | |
| 234 | 25:44 | Many eyes make life a little easier. | 眼睛多了，生活就容易多了。 | |
| 235 | 25:58 | 1,200 miles into its journey the Orange river enters the Richtersveld. | 在1200英里的旅程中，橘子河进入了理查德斯菲尔德。 | |
| 237 | 26:11 | This is an arid region consisting of mountain deserts and sandy plains. | 这是一个由山地沙漠和沙质平原组成的干旱地区。 | |
| 239 | 26:23 | Though at its widest here,the Orange river does little to quench the Richtersveld's dry environment. | 尽管这里最宽，但橘子河对理查斯菲尔德干燥的环境几乎没有什么缓解作用。 | |
| 241 | 26:33 | Hundreds of miles downstream,a far stronger body of water exerts a much greater influence - one that leaves this landscape dry. | 在下游数百英里处，一个强大得多的水体产生了更大的影响，使得这片土地变得干燥。 | |
| 244 | 26:46 | Cold water coupled with the strong winds of the area prevents onshore air from accumulating much moisture. | 冷水加上该地区的强风阻止了陆上空气积聚大量水分。 | |
| 246 | 26:59 | Thus,the land flanking the ocean is a dry and barren place and moisture from the river does little to quench its thirst. | 因此，海洋两侧的土地是一个干燥和贫瘠的地方和水分从河流没有什么解渴。 | |
| 248 | 27:12 | So just a few hundred feet away from the banks of the river the land is parched . | 因此，就在离河岸几百英尺的地方，土地干涸了。 | |
| 250 | 27:52 | The landscape resembles a hot,lonely planet one void of life. | 这里的景色就像一个炎热、孤独的星球，一片生命的空虚。 | |
| 252 | 28:07 | But nature finds a way,even here. | 但是大自然找到了一条路，即使在这里。 | |
| 253 | 28:15 | An alien plant - dry and cracked,reaches up to the sun. | 一种外星植物——干裂的，直达太阳。 | |
| 254 | 28:24 | Its branches,bulbous and bent. | 它的枝条，球根状，弯曲。 | |
| 255 | 28:33 | Its leaves,tough and juicy. | 它的叶子，坚韧多汁。 | |
| 256 | 28:41 | This succulent plant is a species of aloe tree - one of three species that occur in this area. | 这种多汁的植物是芦荟树的一种，是这个地区的三种植物之一。 | |
| 258 | 28:58 | Its name,the Quiver tree,comes from the indigenous San people who used its branches as quivers in which to carry their arrows. | 它的名字，箭袋树，来自土著桑人谁使用它的树枝作为箭袋中进行他们的箭。 | |
| 260 | 29:11 | Many of these specimens are over a century old. | 这些标本中有许多已经有一个多世纪的历史了。 | |
| 261 | 29:16 | Their reflective,waxy bark helps them survive in this harsh environment. | 它们反光的蜡状树皮帮助它们在这种恶劣的环境中生存。 | |
| 263 | 29:23 | Like their succulent leaves the bark helps to minimize water loss. | 就像它们多汁的叶子一样，树皮有助于减少水分的流失。 | |
| 265 | 29:33 | There is little relief for the inhabitants of the Richtersveld. | 对理查德斯菲尔德的居民来说没有什么安慰。 | |
| 266 | 29:39 | Extreme conditions require extreme adaptations. | 极端条件需要极端的适应。 | |
| 267 | 29:48 | This spiny fat arm belongs to the Halfmens - which means 'half-human'. | 这条多刺的肥胳膊属于半人半人，意思是“半人”。 | |
| 269 | 30:02 | These strange plants have an ominous story. | 这些奇怪的植物有一个不祥的故事。 | |
| 270 | 30:09 | Legend has it that the Halfmens are lost members of a tribe that escaped Namibia after a terrible clash with invaders. | 传说中，半人是一个部落的失踪成员，该部落在与入侵者发生可怕冲突后逃离了纳米比亚。 | |
| 272 | 30:22 | After fleeing south and crossing the Orange river they ended up scattered in the never-ending hills of the Richtersveld. | 他们向南逃窜，越过橘子河，最后散落在里克特斯维尔德永无止境的山丘里。 | |
| 275 | 30:36 | Their hopes of ever returning home were dashed when their god turned them into thorny plants - destined to stare longingly to the north where the land of their ancestors lies. | 他们回家的希望破灭了，因为他们的上帝把他们变成了多刺的植物——注定要渴望凝视他们祖先的土地所在的北方。 | |
| 279 | 31:15 | In these lower reaches,the river is known as the !Gariep - which means 'great river' in the local Nama language. | 在这些下游，这条河被称为！加里普-这意味着'伟大的河流'在当地纳玛语。 | |
| 281 | 31:27 | The Nama have traversed this region for centuries - their ancient etchings remain on the numerous rocks that scatter the Richtersveld. | 纳玛人穿越这一地区已经有几个世纪了——他们的古代蚀刻画仍保存在散布在理查斯菲尔德的众多岩石上。 | |
| 284 | 31:39 | But the stones themselves tell a much older story. | 但石头本身却讲述了一个更古老的故事。 | |
| 285 | 31:46 | These rocks were forming before Africa even existed. | 这些岩石在非洲出现之前就已经形成了。 | |
| 286 | 31:54 | Their geological beginnings stretch back two billion years - almost half the age of Earth itself. | 它们的地质起源可以追溯到20亿年前——几乎是地球本身年龄的一半。 | |
| 288 | 32:06 | Continuous volcanic activity and successive intrusions have left a landscape consisting of more than 10 separate geological groups. | 连续的火山活动和连续的侵入留下了一个由10多个独立地质群组成的景观。 | |
| 291 | 32:21 | This complex geology provides diverse habitats where an array of plant and animal species can thrive. | 这种复杂的地质环境提供了多种多样的栖息地，在那里，各种动植物可以繁衍生息。 | |
| 293 | 32:35 | Creatures slither and creep through the rugged terrain. | 生物在崎岖的地形上滑行爬行。 | |
| 294 | 33:08 | Even here,Klipspringers easily navigate their way to food. | 即使在这里，克利普斯普林格人也很容易找到食物。 | |
| 295 | 33:18 | A family of Cape ground squirrels searches among the stones for insects. | 一个开普地松鼠家族在石头中寻找昆虫。 | |
| 297 | 33:38 | Separated from the river by the Richtersveld's jagged mountains there's nothing for them to drink so they have to get their daily water from the food they eat. | 与河流相隔的是理查斯菲尔德的锯齿状山脉，那里没有什么可喝的，所以他们必须从每天吃的食物中获取水。 | |
| 300 | 33:56 | While the family forages - a guard keeps a look out. | 当一家人在觅食时，一个卫兵在看守。 | |
| 301 | 34:11 | Staying close to the burrow is a good bet for safety. | 为了安全起见，靠近洞穴是个不错的选择。 | |
| 302 | 34:27 | Lying on the plains are the quartz fields of the Richtersveld. | 躺在平原上的是理查斯菲尔德的石英田。 | |
| 304 | 34:42 | Over the millennia,large,fractured rock has broken down to form a beautiful carpet of white pebbles. | 几千年来，大而破碎的岩石已经破碎，形成了美丽的白色鹅卵石地毯。 | |
| 306 | 34:56 | Between the stones are some of the best examples of succulent diversity in southern Africa. | 这些石头之间是南部非洲多汁植物多样性的最好例子。 | |
| 309 | 35:11 | Each plant stranger than the last. | 每种植物都比最后一种更陌生。 | |
| 310 | 35:18 | Some make use of camouflage - mimicking the gravel that lies around them. | 有些人利用伪装——模仿周围的砾石。 | |
| 312 | 35:25 | But one rock seems livelier than the rest. | 但一块石头似乎比其他石头更活泼。 | |
| 313 | 35:34 | A Stone grasshopper moves amongst the pebbles. | 一只石蚱蜢在卵石间移动。 | |
| 314 | 35:41 | His textured exoskeleton leaves him all but invisible to potential predators. | 他有纹理的外骨骼让他几乎看不见潜在的捕食者。 | |
| 316 | 35:51 | The landscape has become his greatest defense. | 风景成了他最大的防御。 | |
| 317 | 36:11 | Occasionally a small amount of water does reach the highest mountaintops in the form of mist. | 偶尔有少量的水以雾的形式到达最高的山顶。 | |
| 320 | 36:17 | And when it does it provides plants and animals with enough moisture to exist. | 当它这样做的时候，它为植物和动物提供了足够的水分来生存。 | |
| 322 | 36:33 | Bulbous Butter trees grow and flowering plants add a magical splash of color. | 球茎状黄油树生长和开花植物添加了神奇的色彩飞溅。 | |
| 324 | 36:49 | Though far from abundant this water leaves its scars on the rocky plains below. | 虽然这水远远不够丰富，但它在下面的岩石平原上留下了伤痕。 | |
| 326 | 36:58 | Dry riverbeds stretch across the stony flats - carved into the earth by the rare flash floods that occur here. | 干涸的河床延伸到多石的平地上——这里罕见的山洪把这些平地刻进了大地。 | |
| 329 | 37:18 | Small holes pepper the baked earth of the dry riverbank. | 干涸的河岸上的土上布满了小洞。 | |
| 330 | 37:25 | One by one,hundreds of Brown-throated martins shoot out of their nests. | 成百上千的褐喉马丁鱼一个接一个地从它们的巢里飞出来。 | |
| 332 | 37:36 | These inconspicuous little birds start their morning with a bit of sun soaking and a social catch-up. | 这些不起眼的小鸟在早晨的时候会先晒晒太阳，然后进行社交活动。 | |
| 335 | 37:48 | There are few places to perch here - and each spot is highly contested. | 在这里栖息的地方很少，而且每个地方都竞争激烈。 | |
| 337 | 38:00 | Having secured a spot it's time to get every feather in place. | 在获得了一个位置之后，是时候把每一根羽毛都放好了。 | |
| 338 | 38:09 | Once preened to perfection they can test out their wings. | 一旦打扮得精美绝伦，它们就可以试飞翅膀。 | |
| 339 | 38:17 | The martins are highly sociable and enjoy a spot of playful flight. | 马丁一家非常善于交际，喜欢嬉戏飞行。 | |
| 341 | 38:25 | Constantly communicating the twittering chatter of the birds fills the air by the nest. | 鸟巢的空气中充满了不断交流的鸟语。 | |
| 343 | 38:34 | But danger lurks. | 但危险潜伏着。 | |
| 344 | 38:40 | In the heat of the day,an ominous character appears from out of a dark cave in the riverbank. | 在炎热的白天，一个不祥的人物出现在一个黑暗的洞穴在河岸。 | |
| 346 | 38:52 | A Nile monitor: a formidable predator. | 尼罗河监视器：一个可怕的掠食者。 | |
| 347 | 38:56 | Using his forked tongue to sniff the air - he gathers information about potential meals that may be nearby. | 他用分叉的舌头嗅空气，收集附近可能有食物的信息。 | |
| 350 | 39:05 | Nile monitors are not fussy eaters and they love birds' eggs. | 尼罗河监督员不是挑剔的食客，他们喜欢鸟蛋。 | |
| 352 | 39:14 | But being ectothermic he must warm up before attempting any activity. | 但由于是放热的，他在尝试任何活动前必须先热身。 | |
| 354 | 39:25 | Today is apparently not the day to go hunting. | 今天显然不是打猎的日子。 | |
| 355 | 39:33 | Having caught enough sun for now the monitor returns to his cave. | 太阳照得够多了，班长又回到山洞里去了。 | |
| 357 | 39:50 | The martins however are ready for action. | 不过，马丁一家已经准备好行动了。 | |
| 358 | 39:57 | Their destination the Orange river. | 他们的目的地是奥兰治河。 | |
| 360 | 40:15 | Martins are usually found foraging near water. | 马丁鱼通常在水附近觅食。 | |
| 361 | 40:18 | Their short,wide bills are the perfect tools for snatching up tiny insects. | 它们又短又宽的喙是抓取小昆虫的完美工具。 | |
| 363 | 40:31 | These small birds show extreme dexterity on the wing. | 这些小鸟的翅膀非常灵活。 | |
| 364 | 40:41 | And miraculously avoid mid-air collisions. | 奇迹般地避免了空中碰撞。 | |
| 365 | 40:55 | In its last few miles the river reaches its final stages and approaches the coast. | 在最后的几英里里，这条河到达了它的最后阶段并接近海岸。 | |
| 367 | 41:06 | Signs of the oceans presence start to appear on the hilltops. | 山顶上开始出现海洋存在的迹象。 | |
| 368 | 41:21 | A mystical tapestry covers the land showing signs of relief. | 一幅神秘的挂毯覆盖着大地，显示出浮雕的迹象。 | |
| 370 | 41:28 | These are the lichen fields of Alexander bay. | 这些是亚历山大湾的苔藓地。 | |
| 371 | 41:36 | Lichen is neither a plant nor an animal. | 地衣既不是植物也不是动物。 | |
| 372 | 41:44 | Rather,it's a community of microscopic algae and fungi living together in symbiosis. | 更确切地说，它是一个微生物藻类和真菌共生的群落。 | |
| 374 | 41:51 | In amongst the fuzz strange plants grow in the protection of this rusty green blanket. | 在这条锈迹斑斑的绿毯的保护下，在这些毛茸茸的植物中生长着奇怪的植物。 | |
| 377 | 42:03 | As do many small,inconspicuous creatures. | 许多不起眼的小动物也是如此。 | |
| 378 | 42:13 | Lichens thrive here because of a source of moisture that rolls in from the sea. | 地衣在这里茁壮成长是因为从海洋滚滚而来的水分。 | |
| 380 | 42:22 | When the ocean fog arrives,it comes in thick and fast. | 当海雾到来时，它来得又浓又快。 | |
| 381 | 42:28 | Within minutes it can block out the sun and envelope the lichen fields. | 几分钟内，它就可以阻挡阳光，覆盖苔藓地。 | |
| 383 | 42:52 | Bringing life to the plants and the collection of strange residents that call these fields home. | 给这些植物带来了生命，以及那些称这些田地为家的陌生居民的聚集。 | |
| 386 | 43:17 | After a 1,200 mile journey through ever changing landscapes the Orange river finally purges its contents into the Atlantic Ocean. | 在穿越千变万化的风景线1200英里的旅程之后，橙河终于将其内含物注入大西洋。 | |
| 390 | 43:40 | The river discharges almost 3 billion gallons of water a year. | 这条河每年排放近30亿加仑的水。 | |
| 391 | 43:48 | Having travelled across two thirds of South Africa the great Orange river fans out into its delta before spilling into the sea. | 大橙河穿越了南非三分之二的地区，在流入大海之前，它呈扇形伸入三角洲。 | |
| 394 | 44:02 | Flamingoes and water birds flock to the mouth to sift through the nutrient-rich waters. | 火烈鸟和水鸟成群结队地涌到嘴边，在营养丰富的水中筛选。 | |
| 396 | 44:28 | The Orange river has traversed an entire continent on its journey. | 橙河在它的旅程中横穿了整个大陆。 | |
| 398 | 44:36 | And has run a lifeline through some of South Africa's harshest environments. | 在南非一些最恶劣的环境中铺设了一条生命线。 | |
| 400 | 44:45 | From source to sea it has played host to countless wild and wonderful creatures. | 从源头到海洋，它都是无数野生和奇妙生物的宿主。 | |
| 402 | 44:58 | And left its scars on rocks that have born witness to the geological history of Africa. | 在岩石上留下的疤痕见证了非洲的地质历史。 | |
| 404 | 45:09 | In a land without relief This waterway is a welcome gift to South Africa's thirsty inhabitants. | 在一片没有救济的土地上，这条水道是南非饥渴居民的一份受欢迎的礼物。 | |
| 407 | 45:32 | Breathing life into the desert the Orange river is a sanctuary a Linear Oasis. | 在沙漠中呼吸生命橙河是一个庇护所一个线性绿洲。 | |